Ukuthengiswa Alaska, 1867. Ubani obusa eRussia ngaleso sikhathi futhi ubani owayephambili isinqumo ukuthengisa enhlonhlweni?

Cishe sekuyiminyaka engu-147, futhi abaseRussia basayikhumbula igama ezimbi 1867. Ubani obusa eRussia ngaleso sikhathi? Ubani owenza isinqumo esifushane sekuqhamuke ezinjalo, njengoba ukudayiswa amaminerali, inothile ngegolide kanye Peninsula Alaska? Nempela nje singazithola kanjani ngakho ngobudedengu bachithe nomnotho wezwe? Kwakukhona imibuzo eminingi, kodwa izimpendulo beze kuphela ubudala, ngoba emhlabeni leli bhizinisi eziningi amahebezi ukufunisela. Ngokwemibiko ethile, Alaska azithengiswa, kodwa kuphela abolekise, futhi emuva ukhohliwe, ngakolunye - insimu baphiwa abantu baseMelika, uCatherine II Omkhulu eyesithathu - emkhunjini, okuyinto eyenziwa igolide Melika, zashona phansi, amadokhumenti abantu abaye balahlekelwa umsebenzi, ngakho kuthengiselana kungaba kubhekwa ayivumelekile. Kodwa laliyini leli icala ngempela?

Kuvulwa endaweni Russian

Uqala ukufunda ngethemba Alaska ngo-1732 sibonga Mariners M. Gvozdev futhi Fedorov, kodwa isikhulu ukuvulwa usuku enhlonhlweni ubhekwa 1841, ngoba kulapho uCaptain A. Chirikov bhalisiwe indawo. Russian Empire, leli zwe ngangingenasithakazelo ngoba kwaba lingenamuntu, kude ixazululwe, ukuthola lapho kwakunzima. Alaska ngenkuthalo ekuthuthukiseni abathengisi Russian abathenge uboya kusuka bendawo, futhi kamuva baqala commercial izimayini namaminerali ukuhlola izwe futhi ngakho-ke waya 1867. Ubani obusa eRussia ngaleso sikhathi? Izinso labetibambile ezandleni zakhe, u-Alexander II, kodwa le nkosi, kwakudingeka eziningi izinkinga futhi ngaphandle nhlonhlo, ngakho-ke isingathwe ikakhulukazi abathengisi, wadala kanye osomabhizinisi American inkampani siqu isisetshenziswa isizinda. In Alaska, bona misela amalahle, zilethwe US ice futhi zamanzi ezinoboya.

Isinqumo ukuthengisa enhlonhlweni

1867 emlandweni Russian lalibalulekile, kulapho insimu yalo lancipha laba izigidi ezingu-1,5 km ^2. Duke Konstantin Nikolaevich Romanov, umzalwane kombusi, inkosi Kunconywa ukuqeda Alaska. Enhlonhlweni kwatholakala amaminerali igolide imali. imithombo Abaningi bathi ukungazi ohlangothini Russian mayelana nomnotho nsimu, kodwa akuyona. UMbusi kwaba kahle Alaska acebe kangakanani, kodwa wayesaba ukuhlasela British, kungenxa yokuthi wayenezizathu lutho ukuvikela. U-Alexander II ngaphambilini ukuxoxisana friendly United States i-ukudayiswa nhlonhlo yabo.

Izingxoxo uhulumeni wase-US

Kwakusebusuku 1867. Ubani obusa eRussia ngaleso sikhathi, mina wakhulela enemibandela kakhulu. U-Alexander II babezifaka engozini zonke sokuhlala lutho, ngoba iphango mithi British ayemakhulu kakhulu. Esikhathini isithunywa US of the Empire, isiRashiya kwakuwulimi Baron Edouard Stoeckl, futhi wamyala ukuba ukuxoxisana. It ekuqaleni efakwe intengo $ 5 million ngegolide, kodwa baron ngokwakho ephakanyiswe ke laya ezigidini ezingu-7,2. AbaseMelika musa ngempela ufuna ukuthola indawo obandayo futhi asihlali muntu. Stoeckl omnikeza ukufumbathisa, zokugwazela amaphephandaba ngokubhala izihloko laudatory mayelana Alaska, ekugcineni, US bavumelana ukuthenga le nhlonhlo.

Abaphila Besikhathi futhi subsequent zukulwane kahle kakhulu ukukhunjulwa 1867 emlandweni wonke eRussia. Ubani ukusebenzisa umbukiso? Kungase kubonakale ukuthi umbusi kuthonywa umfowabo omncane, kodwa akuyona. U-Alexander II, kwaba kuhle ukuqaphela ukubaluleka isenzo sakhe, wamane yayingekho enye indlela.

Ingabe iRussia yathatha isinqumo esifanele?

Manje, ungakwazi phikisana isidingo ukudayiswa a isinqamu enkulu yezwe, kodwa kumelwe siqonde ukuthi ngaleso sikhathi 1867. Ubani obusa Russia, waqonda ngokuphelele precariousness yesikhundla sakhe. Igolide kanye namaminerali okungadonsela izitha, kuhlanganise ephikisana iUnited Kingdom ne-Russian Empire mbibi ukuvikela, insimu wayengazange kwamqinisa. Yiqiniso, izigidi ezingu-7,2 zama-dollar, inhlonhlo esikhulu rich ezifana - isamba ezincane, kodwa ngemva kuka-Alexander II abavamile babekwazi uthole lutho uma kukhona ihlaselwe British, kodwa namanje uyophelelwa yisithunzi zezombusazwe. Ngakho-ke, ukudayiswa Alaska ngesikhathi isenzo kuthethelelwe.