Ukusebenza amadolo esikhundleni: ukubuyekezwa. amadolo arthroplasty: nokuvuselelwa

Ngo amathambo wayevame ukusebenzisa inqubo esikhundleni joint lilimele. Nokho, ngokungafani kuya ngokuhlanganyela hip , okuyinto uhamba ibekezelelwe kahle ngaphandle yezinkinga, amadolo yomiselela sihamba nzima futhi kungase kubangele yezinkinga ezifana:

- izinqubo ezithathelwanayo endaweni ukufakwa nolwelwesi;

- displacement we sokwenziwa;

- in the umsipha patellar ungadabula noma lamabutho;

- amahlule emlenzeni;

- ukuhlukumeza ubuqotho ithambo femoral (ukwa).

Ngenxa yokuba khona lolu hlobo yezinkinga abantu ashiye ukubona ukusabela okunjalo nezingahlobene. Amadolo esikhundleni kulokhu zingenziwa ngaphandle nobunzima babe.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi iminyaka engu-10 edlule kwakukhona iziguli ezingaphezu nge yezinkinga ezihlukahlukene emva Ukushintshwa kwamajoyinti omzimba indlela. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, wonke ngcono - ukuthi ngqo ngcono ikhwalithi sokwenziwa kanye inqubo ukusebenza. Isici esibalulekile ekubuyiselweni wenza isikhathi ukuvuselelwa kanye iqoqo umzimba adingekayo ukululama okusheshayo. Lezi zici ziye zanciphisa amathuba eziningi izinkinga esikhathini postoperative.

Lapho ingabe ngidinga esikhundleni Imininingwane ngokuhlanganyela?

Joint amadolo - lolu hlobo okuhlangene condylar ngokuhlanganyela, izingxenye bony zazo camera uqwanga ehlanganisa zemicu ye-collagen futhi chondrocytes zihlume ungqimba futhi base impahla. Ngenxa uqwanga articular abenzele into ukunyakaza kudingekile zenzeka. ulwelwesi lwamalunga ihlanganisa bonke ubuso ngokuhlanganyela, ngenxa ukukhuthazwa yayo uketshezi ekhiqizwa kudingekile, ekuvimbeleni izinkinga ngokuhlanganyela.

Ngenxa izifo ezihlukahlukene baqale izinqubo esiwohlozayo uqwanga articular, kungakho ushintsho ukuma orientation kwedolo. Ephambi kwezinduna izifo ezifana e esigabeni sokuqala kubalulekile ukuqhuba ukusetshenziswa kwemithi yokwelapha okuzokwenza ngcono isimo uqwanga futhi ususe ukuvuvukala.

Ngo ezigabeni kamuva, lapho ngoba kunesithembiso ukubhujiswa uqwanga nokungqubuzana, kulesi simo kunconywa ukuhlinzwa edolweni wokufakelwa by fitting metal noma nolwelwesi plastic esikhundleni joint ubhujiswe.

Izinkomba ngoba yenzeka

1. ukusonteka ezikanye ubudala.
2. ukusonteka ngokuhlanganyela, ephelezelwa ukuvuvukala.
3. Ukulimala.
4. Osteoarthritis dysplastic.
5. Ukuba khona endaweni necrotic emalungeni.

iziguli Abazama - abantu babe:

1. Inciphisa kungaqedwa nhlangano uhlala esezinhlungwini ezinzima.
2. Ushintsho olukhulu olwenziwa ukuma emalungeni.

izimbangela ezivamile

- rasprostanenie amacala ukulahlekelwa joint amadolo ka ukusebenza evamile kukhona isici isifo. It sokuqaqamba kwamalunga ngemva kokulimala, ukwa, ukudabuka noma isenyelo nabanye.

- Uma i-rheumatoid arthritis ukuvuvukala kwenzeka futhi usigcine sinovilnoy ulwelwesi, ngaleyo ndlela iqala ukuthuthukiswa esebenzayo uketshezi ngokuhlanganyela, okuyinto eholela ekubhujisweni ngokuhlanganyela.

- The ukubukeka osteoarthritis kwasebekhulile, okuyinto libhekene Ukuwohloka ukuhamba ngokuhlanganyela kanye amortization.

Ziyini izinzuzo ukugxilisa joint wokufakelwa?

Ukusebenza amadolo esikhundleni wenziwa ukuphungula noma ngokuphelele ukususa ubuhlungu isikhathi babengagwetshwa iminyaka engaze ibe nanhlanu. Sifakwe esikhundleni wabhubhisa yokufakelwa izimila ngokuhlanganyela, futhi ofanele anatomically efanayo.

Ngemva kokuhlinzwa joint amadolo kuphumelela, iziguli waphawula ukwanda ububanzi motion. Izinga lokuphila siyashintsha kakhulu. Ngakho abantu abaningi futhi ushiye okubuyayo. Amadolo arthroplasty ezimweni eziningi senzeka ngaphandle yezinkinga, okuholela kwelulama futhi ukubuya kumuntu ekuphileni ajwayelekile.

Izinkinga ezihambisana ne endoprosthesis

ukuhlinzwa amadolo buhlobene futhi ukuvela eziningi izingozi, kanye phakathi yimuphi omunye ukuhlinzwa. Lezi izingozi zihlanganisa ukulahlekelwa igazi kubantu abadala exacerbation okungenzeka nezifo ezingamahlala amahlule e wemikhawulo aphansi, izinqubo ezithathelwanayo esikhundleni ukwethulwa nolwelwesi futhi ngezindlela mochevyvedeniya. Muva nje, futhi kuya kuba ezingavamile.

Omunye zihambe Ukwakheka kwezitho ukutheleleka ukuze baphathwe sihamba nzima futhi kuyabiza kakhulu. Ngokuvamile nge yezinkinga lolu hlobo angasiza nokususwa emzimbeni nomzimba angaphandle, e Kulokhu, endoprosthesis. Kukhona iphesenti abantu bathambekele kakhudlwana kunabanye ukubukeka ukutheleleka kunabanye, lezi zihlanganisa kokuba i-rheumatoid arthritis, iziguli ukhuluphele abadinga ukuthatha imithi hormone.

izinsuku wokusebenza

sokwenziwa Aqine kungathatha iminyaka eyishumi nanhlanu, kwezinye izimo eside, kodwa nge amortization nalapho nolwelwesi is Uzithukululile, kungenzeka reoperation ku joint amadolo, okungukuthi, ukukhishwa noma reendoprotezirovanie. Endabeni ubuhlungu ngaphambi kokuphela kweminyaka eyishumi noma ziba ngcono futhi kuyadingeka ukuze afeze ukuhlinzwa.

Inqubo Ukushintshwa kwamajoyinti omzimba

Isikhathi imisebenzi kungaba itshalwe amahora 2-3. Ngaphambi kokuba ahlinzwe wenziwa zokuvimbela esiyisibopho ukutheleleka. Ngaphambi ukusebenza isiguli izinzwa emgogodleni.

Ukuze ufake endoprosthesis kuyadingeka ukususa ingxenye babulala ngokuhlanganyela kanye patella, futhi udokotela siyamanisa imilenze lwalugobile-eksisi uqhuba nemisipha yokutakula, uma kunesidingo.

lokufakelwa kwezitho Modern wenza kusukela eliphezulu futhi okungezona ezonakalisayo izinto ukuvumela ngezinyawo ukuze agobe kuze kube degrees 150. Eziningana imibono emihle nasezinkingeni ezilandela ngemva kokuhlinzwa. amadolo arthroplasty ivumela eside ngaphambi zichithe ukuguqa ngamadolo degrees 75. Nokho, umuntu angabona ungalokothi ukhohlwe isikhathi nokuvuselelwa, ngaphandle lapho ukwelashwa kuqedile.

Nasi isikhumbuzo esibalulekile wukuthi ukusebenza ezimweni eziningi senzeka ngaphansi izinzwa wendawo, okusho, isimo namalanga. Nokho, ungakwazi ukuveza isifiso sakho kuya izinzwa noma udokotela ohlinzayo ukuthi ozenze ukubulawa kwezinzwa okuvamile, uma kungenzeka. Kumele abe nesibindi impela futhi nesineke, buthule ulalele imisindvo ezihambisana izinqubo enadoprotezirovaniya.

isikhathi nasezinkingeni ezilandela ngemva kokuhlinzwa

Ngemva kokuhlinzwa kanye nokusebenza ukuntuleka nozwela nasemilenzeni aphansi kubhekwa evamile. Phakathi kokungenela isiguli ilahlekelwa inqwaba ukumpontshelwa igazi wegazi esikhundleni, ukwethulwa nemithi edingekayo ukuze ubuhlungu futhi elwa namagciwane.

Phakathi elilandelayo izinsuku ezimbalwa ngaphansi okwashiwo isimo izimpawu ezibalulekile lesiguli (kwenhliziyo, ingcindezi, ECG, ushintsho igazi ibala).

In the ukungabikho ukuzinza kanye nesimo ukuwohloka, isiguli adluliselwe ngokusebenzisa suku olunzulu ukunakekelwa lesigceme elula.

Ukuvuselelwa emva kwedolo esikhundleni

Ngemva kokufaka isikhathi sokwenziwa nokuvuselelwa ihlala okuyisilinganiso sabangu-3 izinyanga, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi eside, kuye ngokuthi isimo lesiguli.

isincomo okugunyaziwe iyona ukucindezeleka nsuku zonke futhi umsebenzi ngemva amadolo arthroplasty ukubuyisela kusebenta kwato.

Ngokuvamile, isikhathi nokuvuselelwa isiguli uchitha umtholampilo ezikhethekile (inyanga eyodwa).

Izigaba isikhathi nokuvuselelwa

Ngemva kokuhlinzwa isiguli kufanele uhlale izinyanga ezimbili esibhedlela udokotela ukwenza iqoqo elithile umzimba. Nge ukwanda izinga ngcono joint motor umsebenzi siyenzeka, okuholela ekungeneni kakhulu ukubuya okusheshayo ekuphileni okuvamile. Kungenzeka futhi kukhishwe ezivela emtholampilo.

Ngemva kokuhlala e isikhungo nokuvuselelwa (izinyanga 2-3), isiguli kufanele uqhubeka ubonisa e ngesimo ukubhukuda, ukuhamba futhi yoga izikhathi. Kubalulekile nokukhumbula ukuthi umsebenzi ngokweqile ngokomzimba is contraindicated.

Bonisa ukutakula

Ukuvuselelwa emva kwedolo arthroplasty kuhlanganisa iqoqo umzimba ukuthi usizo lokunqoba ukuqina, ukwakha amandla kwemisipha emalungeni, ekunciphiseni izinhlungu.

Qala nge amanani aphansi futhi ilayisha, kancane kancane ukuthuthela nzima ukulungisa physiotherapist. Kunconywa ukuba ugweme ezemidlalo kakhulu, ngakho-ke kwakungeyona ebuhlungu joint entsha.

Isakhiwo umzimba kwakudingeka ukuba abantu babulawelwe kuzo nsuku zonke (izikhathi 4-5 ngosuku):

1. Iqakala - flexion-isandiso kusuka kancane ukwanda izinga kusukela 5 kuya 12 futhi sifinyelele.
2. Ukwehliswa imisipha ethangeni phambi amasekhondi angu-5.
3. Ukunciphisa imisipha ethangeni ezingemuva amasekhondi angu-5.
4. Ukukhulisa imilenze waqonda isimo.
5. Ukuncishiswa izibunu imisipha amasekhondi angu-5.
6. Isandiso-flexion yezingalo nemilenze aphansi emalungeni kwedolo.
7. Ethangeni ezithathwe eceleni.
8. Ehlala lift umlenze ezingeni of 45 degrees bese ubamba isikhundla lidala amasekhondi 5.
9. Ukubhakuzisa unyawo esimweni kuqondaniswe izinga 45 degrees kanye nokugcinwa kulesi sifundazwe kuze kube imizuzwana 5.
10. Ukusetshenziswa "Dikul" kulandzelana nekuhlunga tinsita.

Izimo kuya emkhakheni wezitho zokwenziwa inqubo

Izimo Kuphelele:

• ukunyakaza Independent akunakwenzeka.
• isifo senhliziyo kanye CCC.
• Thrombosis yisihlungu.
• iziyaluyalu sokugembula umsebenzi zokuphefumula, ezingamahlalakhona zokuphefumula ukwehluleka hlobo.
• izinqubo ezithathelwanayo.
• Sepsis.
• Yokungezwani komzimba.
• zokugula kwamanyuroni.
• Ukungasebenzi kahle kwengqondo.

izinhlobo izimila

lokufakelwa kwezitho yamanje baphathe umsebenzi zokuzivikela futhi kungenziwa selihlukene kanje:

• Imininingwane;
• sokwenziwa ngqo ebusweni ngokuhlanganyela;
• okuguquguqukayo;
• isigxobo esisodwa.

I sokwenziwa iqinile ngezindlela eziningana:

• usimende;
• hybrid;
• cementless.

Ukuze ukugxilisa le sokwenziwa wakhonza isikhathi esithile eside, lisetshenziswe ukukhiqizwa ephezulu izinga anti-ukugqwala futhi ukugqoka, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, izinto biocompatible:

• izinto ezenziwe ngobumba;
• polyethylene;
• metal Alloys;
• ithambo usimende.

Abaningi ukunquma ukuhlinzwa, kubalulekile ukuhlaziya izibuyekezo ahlukahlukene. amadolo arthroplasty aphethwe udokotela ikhumbula izici ngazinye zomzimba lesiguli.

inqubomgomo zamanani

Amadolo arthroplasty e Moscow, Israyeli, Turkey, Lithuania, eJalimane, kwenziwe ongoti abafanelekayo abazi ibhizinisi labo.

Kukhona impela imitholampilo ambalwa onguchwepheshe ngqo ekusebenzeni Ukushintshwa kwamajoyinti omzimba noma izingxenye zayo, kuhlanganise abacula knee arthroplasty ngokuhlanganyela. Izindleko izimila sifana ikhwalithi izinto kusuka kulo yakhiwa, futhi inkampani ekhiqiza ke. Izibuyekezo kwemitholampilo angaphandle ngenkathi ngokuvamile umyalelo ezidlula kangcono (ikakhulukazi ngokuphathelene kwesikhathi nokuvuselelwa). Nokho, e-Russia ukungenela Kwenziwa ezingeni eliphezulu.

Ngenxa yeminyaka eminingi yokwenza nodokotela abaqeqeshiwe ayoyikhetha ofanele kakhulu sokwenziwa biocompatible nangentando ngaphandle yezinkinga amadolo arthroplasty. Intengo ye-inqubo incike yinkimbinkimbi ukusebenza futhi izindleko zokuhamba.