Ukulawula ukwakhiwa kwamakhasimende ekwakhiweni. Ukuphathwa kwezobuchwepheshe. Ukwakhiwa Kwezakhiwo

Izindlela zokuqapha izinqubo zokwakha zishintshwa njalo, zongezwa futhi zilungiswe ukuze zithuthukise ikhwalithi. Isidingo samasayithi wokwakha anokwethenjelwa futhi ahlala njalo angenxa yezifiso eziqondakalayo zeziphathimandla eziphetheyo ukuqinisekisa izinga elifanele lokuphepha kwezakhiwo ezisebenzayo. Ukuze kugcwaliseke lesi simo, namuhla kusetshenzwa ukuphathwa kwezobuchwepheshe, okuyisethi yemithethonqubo nemithetho elawula imisebenzi yocwaningo lwezokwakha. Abakhiwe bathumela, ngokusebenzisa amathuluzi omthetho kanye nobuchwepheshe, bahlole izinga lemisebenzi yomsebenzi kanye nezinto zokwakha.

Imiqondo eyisisekelo yokulawula ukwakha

Ukuqonda isakhiwo sokuqaliswa kwabahlanganyeli ekwakheni, kubalulekile ukuqonda imibono ethile. Ngakho-ke, isibonelo, ikhasimende elijwayelekile lokwakhiwa ngumuntu ohlinzeka ngezimali ngephrojekthi. Lokhu kusekelwa kuhlanganisa ukuthuthukiswa kwamadokhumenti ephrojekthi, nokwakhiwa okusheshayo kwento enomsebenzi wokuphatha. Futhi kukhona umqondo wokontrakta jikelele. Ngokungafani nekhasimende, inkontileka ngokuvamile yinkampani yokwakha nokufaka, okuyinto inhlangano esemthethweni. Ububanzi bemisebenzi yalowo ohlanganyela ekwakhiweni kuhlanganisa ukuqaliswa okuqondile kwezobuchwepheshe kwemisebenzi yokwakhiwa kwezimali. Yimisebenzi yontkontileka elawulwa yiziphathimandla zokuphatha. Le miisebenzi nayo yenziwa ezingeni eliphansi ngunjiniyela, okungenzeka abe yingxenye yenhlangano yesikontrakta. Lo muntu unensimu lapho ukwakhiwa kwenziwa khona. Yenza futhi imisebenzi yokwakha nokufaka.

Bonke abathintekayo abafakwe ohlwini lwenqubo yokwakha bahlangene nomsebenzi wokulawula. Eqinisweni, ukulawulwa kwesakhiwo komthengi ekwakhiweni isheke esivamile, imvamisa yayo enqunywa isivumelwano. Mayelana nokuqondana ngqo, kuhloswe ekunqumeni ikhwalithi yomsebenzi ekwenzeni izinhloso. Ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yocwaningo, ukuhlolwa okufanele kwenziwe kwenziwa ngokusekelwe ezimfuno zomqulu wokwakha. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuhlaziywa kwezobuchwepheshe kungenziwa ngaphansi kwezinsiza zokwakha eziyisisekelo kanye nezinhlaka zokufaka, kepha nemiphumela yobunjiniyela bokuhlola. Ngokuqhathanisa idatha etholakalayo nemigomo namazinga, ukuhlolwa kwenziwa ngekhwalithi yokuphepha kwezakhiwo nezakhiwo.

Lawula ekwakhiweni kwenhloko

Ukwakhiwa kwezingqalasizinda kuyisiteji esikhulu kunawo wonke somkhuba wokusebenzisa izinhlelo zokulawula ekwakhiweni nasekwenzeni imisebenzi yokulungisa nokufaka. Lokhu kubangelwa ukuthi ngesikhathi sokuqaliswa kwezikhungo ezinjalo, kulindeleke ukuthi imisebenzi eminingi yokwakha izokwenziwa, okumele ilawulwe ngokuhambisana nemithetho yokulawula. Noma kunjalo, lokhu akusho ukuthi ukulawulwa kokwakhiwa kwamakhasimende okwakhiwa kufanele kube okuphelele futhi kuhlanganise zonke izigaba zephrojekthi. Ngokuvamile futhi ngokunye ngenxa yomnotho, abathuthukisi baxhuma ochwepheshe bale phrofayli ngezigaba ezithile. Isibonelo, uma ufuna ukulawula ukunikezwa kwezinto zokwakha. Kule nkinga, isevisi yokulawula izohlola amalebuli, amakadi kanye nemibhalo yokuqinisekiswa yemikhiqizo ehanjisiwe ngokuhambisana nokuhambisana nezincomo zephrojekthi. Futhi ngokuphambene nalokho, ukulethwa kwezidingo kungalandelwa ikhasimende ngokuzimela, futhi iziphathimandla zokuphatha zizothatha izinqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi nezisezingeni eliphezulu zokufaka imishini yobunjiniyela noma ukufaka izakhiwo zensimbi .

Indawo ekhethekile yisiteji sokulungiselela ukwakhiwa. Kulesi sigaba, ukuthuthukiswa kokuklanywa kanye nemibhalo yobuchwepheshe. Okusho ukuthi, ukulawulwa komhlobo ohlukile kuyadingeka, okuhlanganisa nokuhlaziywa kwemvelo esemthethweni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwakhiwa kwenhloko kugcwaliswa yiqiniso lokuthi ikhasimende lilungisa amaphepha okuthumela. Ukukhipha ukungahambisani okusemthethweni nepasipoti yezobuchwepheshe, ngaphambi kokuhambisa imibhalo yokubhaliswa kombuso, ukuhlolwa kuqhutshwa ngokuxhumana kwezinsizakalo zokuphatha.

Izinsizakalo zokuphatha ezobuchwepheshe

Njengoba izinto ezidingekayo ezakhiweni ezinkulu, ezakha ingxenye enkulu yezindawo zangasese zasemadolobheni, ziyanda, ukulawula izinqubo zokuqaliswa kwalezi zinhlelo kuye kwaba nzima. Ngaphambilini, le misebenzi yawela ekulawuleni ukwakhiwa, okwenziwa ngamakhomishini akhethekile avela ezindikimbeni zokuhlela edolobheni. Ukungahleleki kwezimo ezinjalo kwakuyikhwalithi ephansi ngokweqile yomsebenzi wokulawula. Futhi lokhu akusho ukuthi leyo nhlangano yomsebenzi wayo ayifuni indlela edidiyelwe yokuhlola ikhwalithi yelitshe. Ezimweni eziningi, ama-commissions avakashele isayithi ngenkathi kuhlaziywa imibhalo yephrojekthi futhi ngemuva kokuqedwa kokwakhiwa. Lesi simo sashintsha ngokuphawulekayo lapho ukulawulwa kwenziwa ngokuhambisana namazinga amasha ensizakalo yokuphatha. Abagcini nje ukulawula ukwakhiwa kwezimali ezinkulu ezinkambisweni zobuchwepheshe nezomthetho, kodwa futhi bangabasiza njengabaphathi bephrojekthi. Iqiniso liwukuthi izinhlangano zokuphatha zinelayisensi ngokubhalisa ezinhlanganweni ezizimele ezizimele, lapho ochwepheshe emkhakheni wokuklama, i-geodesy, izakhiwo, izinkomba zokufaka, njll. Okungukuthi, uma kunesidingo, izinsizakalo ezinjalo zinganikeza ikhasimende uhla oluphelele lwezinsizakalo ekusetshenzisweni kokwakhiwa ngokusebenza okuyisisekelo kanye nomsebenzi oyinhloko wokulawulwa kwekhwalithi.

Imisebenzi nemisebenzi yokuphathwa kwezobuchwepheshe

Noma kunjalo, imisebenzi esemqoka yebhizinisi elilawulayo liyancishiswa ukuhlela nokuqinisekisa umsebenzi osebenzayo wabamele abaphathi. Insizakalo yokubheka kufanele ihlole ukuziphatha kwemisebenzi yokukhanda nokwakhiwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukulandelwa komphumela ngezinga elisekelwe. Kanye nalokhu, abahlanganyeli enqubo yokuqapha kuyadingeka ukuba baqoqe isitatimende ngomthamo womsebenzi owenziwe, esikhathini esizayo oyovumela ukuthuthukiswa kanye nokubiza kwamadokhumenti. Sekushiwo ngenhla ukuthi ikhasimende ngokwakhe lingasebenza ekudwebeni amadokhumenti ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yokuhlolwa. Futhi, imisebenzi esheshayo yokuphathwa kwezobuchwepheshe ihlanganisa ukwenza ukuhlolwa okuhlelekile ezindleko zezezimali. Iqiniso liwukuthi umgomo ohlanganisiwe wokulawulwa kwezakhiwo awuvezwanga nje ekuqinisekiseni izinga lobuchwepheshe lendawo. Uma kunesidingo, ikhasimende lingavuma inhlangano eqondayo kanye nezindleko zezimali zokulandelela. Okusho ukuthi, umsebenzi wokuphatha kuleli cala uzoba nomlingiswa wendlela yokwenza ngcono inqubo yokwakhiwa, okuyiyo futhi yangempela namuhla.

Ukuphathwa kwezobuchwepheshe

Izenzo kanye nokuhlelwa komsebenzi kwesevisi yokuqapha kunquma imibhalo evamile futhi inkontileka eyenziwe ngekhasimende. Ngokuvamile, izinsizakalo ezinjalo ziqashwe ngendlela yokwenziwa kwezinsizakalo zobunjiniyela. Ngokuhambisana namazinga ezobuchwepheshe, inqubo yokwenza ukulawulwa kokwakhiwa ngesikhathi sokwakha ihilela ukuqokwa komuntu onomthwalo wemfanelo ozoqondisa isikhungo esithile. Lo muntu ulawula ukukhishwa kwemvume ekwakheni, uqaphele inqubo yokukhipha imingcele yesakhiwo sokuthuthukiswa, uhlanganyela ekuqhekekeni kwemigodi yezindlu, ukuxhumana kanye nezinsiza.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, imisebenzi eyisisekelo inikezwa ngamayunithi enhlangano yokuphatha, elawula ukuthola ukuhlolwa kwe-laboratory kanye ne-geodetic, kanye nemiphumela yabo. Le ngxenye yomsebenzi nayo isebenza ekulawulweni kwedokhumenti. Ukulawulwa nokwenza izinqubo ngokuhlukile uma wenza imisebenzi yokwakha nokufaka. Ngenxa yokuqedwa kwemisebenzi ethile, isenzo sokulawula ukwakhiwa sibuye sakhiwe, esichaza imingcele yokuhambisana komsebenzi owenziwe ngezidingo zokulawula noma zokuklama. Futhi, isenzo singathathwa lapho kutholakala ukukhubazeka noma ukuhlonza izinto noma izakhiwo ezinganele ngokwezici zekhwalithi. Ezimweni ezinjalo, inqubo yokulungisa isici esitholakale kucatshangelwe. Ngendlela, lesi yisithunzi sokuqhuba ukulawula okusebenzayo, ngoba ikuvumela ukuba ubone ukuthi ukhona ngaphambi kokuqedwa kokwakhiwa.

Imithwalo yemakhasimende ekwakhiweni

Ngaphambi kokuvunywa kwamadokhumenti amakhulu okusebenza kwesikhathi esizayo, ikhasimende liyadingeka ukuthola umbono womhloli wombuso endaweni enhle. Futhi, ngesikhathi sokuvuselela noma ukulungisa imisebenzi nokufaka, kufanele abe nemvume yokwakha. Kodwa-ke, kunamacala okungafani, uma esikhundleni semvume yokusebenza komsebenzi kukhona isitifiketi esivela kumnyango wendawo yokuhlela edolobheni, okukuvumela ukuthi wenze umsebenzi ngaphandle kokuhlolwa kwephrojekthi. Futhi, ngaphambi kokuba umsebenzi uqale, unjiniyela kufanele alungise kahle into. Esikhathini esizayo, ukulawulwa kokwakhiwa kwamakhasimende ekwakhiweni kungadluliselwa eziphathimandla zokuphatha. Ngokuhambisana nalokhu, izinsizakalo ezivele zilawulwa kufanele ziqondise ukudluliselwa kwamakhasimende amadokhumenti ngesisekelo lapho abaqhubi bemisebenzi yobuchwepheshe bazokwenza imisebenzi yabo. Ikakhulukazi, ngenkathi ukwakhiwa kwendlu, ikhasimende lidlulisela imibhalo kumakontrakta ngemiphumela yobunjiniyela, ukulinganiswa kokuklama, kanye nemibhalo evumelayo okukhulunywe ngenhla.

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ikhasimende lingasebenzisa ngandlela-thile ukuba ngumhlanganyeli olawulayo ohlelweni lokusebenzisa le phrojekthi, ngisho noma eqashe umsebenzi okhethekile kule njongo. Ukuzijwayeza kuqhubekile uma ukuphathwa kwezobuchwepheshe kungxenyeni yayo enkulu, isibonelo, kuboniswe ukuhlolwa kokungena kwempahla, kunikezwe umsebenzi wokulawula, futhi ikhasimende noma abameleli bakhe baqhuba ukubhaliswa kwedokhumenti. Kukhona okunye okubukeka ngokuphathelene nokusebenzisana kwamakhasimende nabenza ngokushesha. Ngokuvamile, inqubo yomsebenzi ihlelwe ngendlela yokuthi ukutholakala kwephulwa yiziphathimandla zokuphatha kuqoshwe kuphela kumadokhumenti, kodwa ukulungiswa kweziphambeko eziveziwe emithethweni akuhloliwe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukulawulwa kwezimo ezinjalo kufakwe ohlwini lwemisebenzi engeyona yesevisi, kodwa kumakhasimende, okumele abhalwe phansi emibhalweni yokucwaninga kanye nokuthi ukwehluleka kuqedwe.

Umthwalo wamakhasimende wokwakha

Ikhasimende liphethe cishe zonke izigaba zephrojekthi. Ukuqala, kufanelekile ukukhuluma ngokuhlinzekwa kwamalungiselelo ephrojekthi, kanye nokusebenza kobuchwepheshe besifundazwe. Lapha, ikhasimende liphinde linikeze umthwalo wemfanelo yesisombululo seprojekthi ngezidingo zemibhalo yokulawula, kubandakanya, futhi ngokuyingxenye, ngokuphathelene namalungelo nezibopho ezanikwe zona ngezivumelwano zesivumelwano. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lo muntu unesibopho sokuqhuba ukulawulwa kokwakhiwa ngomqondo wokuthi ukhetha isonkontileka jikelele esihilelekile ekusebenzeni komsebenzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ikhasimende kwezinye izimo, lamukela ukwamukelwa kwemisebenzi, ikhwalithi engase ingaqinisekiswa yizinsizakalo zokuphatha. Ezimweni ezinjalo, umthwalo wemfanelo wokulawulwa kwekhwalithi yesikhungo nawo uwela kuwo.

Imithwalo yemisebenzi yokulawula isakhiwo

Abamele umsebenzi wezobuchwepheshe ezinyathelweni zokuqala zephrojekthi baqalisa ukulawula okufakwayo kwamadokhumenti okulinganisa, okubuye ahlolisise ngokuningiliziwe izinto zobuchwepheshe zesikhungo esizayo. Ikakhulukazi, ochwepheshe bahlola amaphepha ngokwemigomo yokwanela ekusetshenzisweni kokwakhiwa kanye nokukwazi ukusebenza jikelele. Uma kunesidingo, isevisi yokulawula ithatha izinyathelo zokubuyekeza izilinganiso zokuklama, iqondisa ukuqedwa kweziphambeko ezitholakalayo, ayivumeli ukuwohloka kwezixazululo zobuchwepheshe nokunyuka okungenangqondo ezindleko zesakhiwo. Njengoba kudingwa ukuhlinzekwa kokulawulwa kokwakhiwa emsebenzini kanye nezinsiza ezinkulu, izinsizakalo ezithintekayo kufanele futhi ziqaphe ubuhlobo phakathi kontrakta jikelele kanye nabanikezeli bezinto zokwakha.

Kule ndaba, umsebenzi oyinhloko wenkonzo yokulawula ukuvimbela ukusebenzisa izakhiwo kanye nezinto ezakhiwa ngabakhi abangahlangabezane nezidingo zomqulu wokwakha izici zabo. Okufanayo kusebenza nemishini yokusebenza esetshenziselwa umsebenzi wokufaka ngesikhathi sokulungisa umsebenzi. Ngokwenza njalo, le misebenzi isetshenziswa ngokusebenzisa inhlangano yokulawula okufakwayo, ukuhlola okukuvumela ukuba unqume imikhiqizo yokwakha engalungile futhi engalungile. Okusho ukuthi ukuqapha nokulawulwa kobuchwepheshe hhayi kuphela imiphumela ephelele yomsebenzi okwenziwe, kodwa futhi kwenza izimo zokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi efanele kwisisombululo semisebenzi.

Ungakhetha kanjani inkampani yokuphatha?

Izindlela ezihlukene zicatshangelwa, kusukela emlandweni womsebenzi ophelile kuze kube yiziqu zophiko oluzokwenza imisebenzi ethile. Kuyinto evamile ukujwayela ukusebenzisa ochwepheshe abavela ezindaweni ezahlukene esebenza ngabanye. Isibonelo, iqembu elinjalo lizokwenziwa ngokwehlukana kwamadokhumenti ezobuchwepheshe, ucwaningo lwe-geodetic, ukuqapha izinga lemisebenzi yomhlangano kanye nezinto zokwakha. Kusukela ekubukeni kwekhwalithi, lesi yisisombululo esihle, kodwa inkampani ehlanganisa yonke imikhakha yemisebenzi isabeliswa yinhlangano ephumelelayo kakhulu yenqubo yokulawula. Futhi kubalulekile ukucabangela, yimaphi amadokhumenti akha ukulawulwa kokwakhiwa enhlanganweni ethile. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi inhlangano iqondiswa yiqoqo eliyisisekelo lemithetho esebenzayo kumazinga ekusetshenzisweni kokulawulwa kwemali yokwakha. Kodwa, izinkampani ezinelayisensi ezifakiwe kwi-SRO zingase zibe nezindinganiso ezikhethekile zokusebenza kwemisebenzi yabo, okuyilapho, kodwa futhi, zihleliwe emibhalweni yokulawula yamanje. Kunoma yikuphi, ikhasimende lithola isethi yokukhiqiza okuyinkimbinkimbi kanye namadokhumenti ezobuchwepheshe ekuphumeni, okukhona khona logi lokusebenza komsebenzi, imiphumela yokulawula i-laboratory, izitifiketi zokwakha izinto, njll.

Isiphetho

Ngokuvamile, abahlanganyeli bezimakethe zendawo yokuhlala bayakhononda ngenani elikhulu lezinqubo zobuchwepheshe nezomsebenzi okumelwe zenziwe kusukela ekuqaleni komsebenzi kuya ekwakheni ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa. Noma kunjalo, ngokuqondisa ikhwalithi yokusebenza okuyisisekelo nokwakhiwa kwemisebenzi, lezo zidingo ziyaziphendulela. Ukulawulwa ngokuhlelekile kokukwakhiwa kwamakhasimende ekwakhiweni kuvumela ukubhala izinga elifanele lokuphepha kwendawo ethile. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu, okokuqala, kusukela ekubukeni kokusebenza kwesakhiwo esizayo, kodwa le nzuzo ayikhawulelwanga. Izinhlangano ezilawulayo namuhla zinikeza uhlu olubanzi lwezinsizakalo ezenza kube lula ukwenza izinqubo zokukhiqiza nokwakhiwa. Lokhu kwenziwa ngokuphathwa ngokuphumelelayo kwemiklamo yokuklama kanye nokukhetha okunengqondo kwezixazululo zobuchwepheshe ngabantu abanesithakazelo ngempela ekutholeni imiphumela yekhwalithi.