Ukuklanywa Kwazo Nokutholakala yobuhle izici Amiens Cathedral

Amiens Cathedral ingenye eyigugu kakhulu eYurophu ka Gothic izakhiwo imiklamo. Kuyinto lokhu ithempeli elihle e edolobheni lase-Amiens (France), endaweni eqaphelekayo endaweni eyaziwa ngokuthi "Valley of France Coloured".

edolobheni lase-Amiens

Lo muzi ohlala enyakatho, cishe ngendlela isigamu phakathi eBelgium Paris, phezu Somme, amakhilomitha 55 kusuka e-English Channel (eningizimu-mpumalanga). Amiens - yidolobha yokwamukela, libanzi futhi elikhanyayo, etholakala phakathi izingadi oluhlaza futhi Sommskogo isiteshi amanzi, okuyinto amakota eziningi enquma ke. Lavuselelwa emva isicelo ngesikhathi iMpi Yezwe II, kwaba nomonakalo cishe kusuka ekuqaleni futhi manje esikhulu ukwenziwa izicathulo kanye nendwangu, isiqoqi sama-softwe nelesimbi, umkhakha ukudla. Ukuze okudliwa eside ehamba Boulevard nge ezizungezile Linden. Zhyul Vern ngamabomu unqume ukwenza le ngxenye yenkampani, wayaphi cishe nsuku zonke usondela emazweni akude umcabango.

Iziteshi emhlabeni Amiens Cathedral

Lokhu Cathedral lombhishobhi okuqondene ababhishobhi bamaKatolika. Yonke indawo emhlabeni kuyahlanganiswa ngeziteshi. Benza yonke inethiwekhi. 55 km - obuphelele Imininingwane. Le misele enambiwa emakhulwini eminyaka adlule lase libhujiswa ngemaRoma. Cathedral kusukela 1981 ingaphansi Ukuvikelwa UNESCO, ngoba kuyinto World Heritage Site. Umuzi French lase-Amiens, ngaphezu, eyaziwa nezinye izikhumbuzo zenkolo, okuyizinto eziningi lapha.

History of the isakhiwo

Sinesithakazelo leli sonto lakhiwa ngo-udumo of St Mary. It yaziwa nangokuthi Cathedral Our Lady of Amiens. Nokho, abantu abaningi namanje uthanda lomdabu. Kuyinto lombhishobhi elikhulu kunawo wonke eYurophu. Libuye kwelinye lamasonto Gothic esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni.

Amiens Cathedral Yakhiwa esizeni esakhiweni esidala, okuyinto 1218 yayishiswa umbani. Ngokusho amazwi aqoshwe izinsalela "uxhaxha", libhujiswa ngo-1825, isakhiwo sayo sase siqalile ku ukuphela entshonalanga 1220. Ngo 1236 th anolaka le naves zaphela. YaseHori - ukuze 1247-m, kodwa kuthintwa umlilo ngokushesha emva kokuqedwa. Ifomu sokugcina wathatha e 1269. Emuva ekhulwini le-13, olungaphambili lwesonto entshonalanga walethwa rose. Nokho, ngekhulu le-15-ke kwavele ukuvuselela. Ngesikhathi esifanayo engxenyeni engenhla ke seziqedile.

Ngokusho oqoshiwe othi "uxhaxha" Abakhi babengebona abantu amakhosi amathathu: Tom de Cormon kanye nendodana yakhe, Rene De Cormon, noRobert ka luzarches. Basebenza esikhathini kusuka 1220 by 1228, okungukuthi, ngesikhathi esifanayo lapho amanye amakhosi esakhiwe laseReims Cathedral. Buttresses isihlanganisi lokuqala aye athuthukiswa ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-13, futhi ngezikhathi phakathi kwawo baba Izindlwana.

Cathedral Architecture

Chartres Cathedral ezaba isibonelo ukwakhiwa Amiens. Lokhu sonto amathathu kwethempeli ne ingxenye isakhula ekwayeni futhi transept ububanzi. Choir ka Cathedral lizungezwe umqhele Izindlwana. Isibalo sawo sifinyelela eziyisikhombisa. Isilinganiso yalezi ngesikhathi esifanayo kakhulu kwaphoqa phambili. naves ezintathu kukhona transept. Njengoba e Chartres, isikhungo sredokrestiya kuvumelana phakathi esakhiweni endaweni ukwakhiwa ezifana Amiens Cathedral. Nokho, icebo laKhe, Kuthi sihluke Chartres.

Cathedral lase-Amiens singesikhulu kunazo zonke kwezingu konke okuyizinto eFrance. ubude bayo (e) kuyinto 118 metres (ngaphandle emaphakathi projecting Chapel), kanye nave ukuphakama isilinganiso ifinyelela 42,3 amamitha. Ububanzi naves (ngaphandle ohlangothini yesonto) - 33 metres, transept - 59 metres, futhi izingxenye choral - 48 amamitha.

Lokhu lombhishobhi kuyinto okufanayo phakathi ububanzi phakathi futhi ohlangothini aisles we "umkhumbi" aqakathekileko, njengombana gade Reims. Kumayelana 9:14. Kodwa kule laseReims lombhishobhi square kukhona utshani aisles, futhi Amiens zingabantu elingunxande (mayelana 9h7 m). 14 amamitha kuyinto ububanzi kwethempeli.

The elingaphakathi lombhishobhi lase-Amiens ingenye. Yena kancane uyaqala, ukujula, kuzo zonke izindawo. Ukwakheka kwethempeli silula: ukuphakama ingqikithi ke bisects le cornice we uqimba kuqala. Arcade longitudinal waliphakamisa, ithatha uhhafu ongezansi. Ezingeni ukuphakama 18 metres ke elisuka castle, kuyilapho 9.5 m kuphela ukuphakama Arcade lombhishobhi edumile waseParis labangela ukuqala komkhakha.

Isakhiwo esiseningizimu Yakhiwa azungeze 1366, nasenyakatho - e 1401-m. izakhiwo Gothic lombhishobhi, ngisho ngezindinganiso lanamuhla akunakuqhathaniswa. Amiens Cathedral, kanye Reims Chartres yakha the Holy Trinity Church of France, okuye okuthiwa ngevoti we zabuna le-13 leminyaka futhi okusezingeni eliphezulu isitayela gothic.

Loluhlelo yezakhiwo kwesakhiwo sinesithakazelo kwesikwenzayo iyafana nezinye amasonto Gothic Ephakathi, kuhlanganise Paris-Notre Dame. Lezi zivakashi manje banethuba eliyingqayizivele ukukhuphuka entshonalanga umbhoshongo, esisogwini ophahleni isakhiwo futhi ukusuka lapho ujabulele ukubukwa obumangalisayo eyidolobha laseFrance.

amasango Amiens

Amasango Lokwahlulela eyinhloko yokungena lombhishobhi lase-Amiens owayemuhle wayebizwa ngokuthi. Izindonga isakhiwo ahlotshiswe izigcawu ezihlukahlukene, esibonisa uvuko balahlwe bese igcinwa uNkulunkulu neNdodana yomuntu ezibhubhisayo ne uyahoxa umlomo wawo izinkemba ezimbili et al. Gate sise entshonalanga olungaphambili lwesonto ohlangothini lwesokudla abazinikezele kuMariya. Ukuthi iyona umvikeli lombhishobhi. Ohlangothini kwesokunxele emasangweni olungaphambili lwesonto labatinikele umbhishobhi wokuqala lase-Amiens, le Firmin oNgcwele.

ukukhanya show

Kusuka ku-1 Disemba kuya ku-January 1, kanye Christmas, Cathedral njengengxenye show ukukhanya uqokomisa izibani amahle kakhulu. kusihlwa Imvelo umphelelisi izithunzi imilingo, umculo kanye play yokukhanya. Ngokuvamile phakathi nemizuzu engu-45 kuze kube hlelo ugijima, ungabuka umbukwane omangalisayo. izibani Lokhu multi anemibala kanye olungaphambili lwesonto ezinemibala lombhishobhi lase-Amiens. On the play sokukhanya isithunzi, nakanjani kuwufanele look. Ngaphezu olungaphambili lwesonto, omunye ngemva komunye avelele ukubaza, esisogwini olungaphambili lwesonto entshonalanga lombhishobhi lase-Amiens.

I izinsalela Ioanna Krestitelya ngaphakathi lombhishobhi

Lokhu ikhadi lebhizinisi edolobheni lase-Amiens kuyinto obumangalisayo. Uma usuphakathi kuso, wabona ukuthi akuyona kuphela umhlobiso sangaphandle ubukhazikhazi ezahlukene. Ngaphakathi lombhishobhi kuyizinto ezingcwele Ioanna Krestitelya. Ngaphakathi kwezindonga wawagcina ngokucophelela inhloko yabangamashumi saint deku yokuphulukisa futhi injongo eyinhloko pilgrimage ngobuningi balabo abazikholelwayo. Kuyinto ngokusebenzisa lezi izinsalela, ngokuvumelana asebemnkantsh 'ubomvu, Amiens Cathedral wahlala alimale ngesikhathi nesikhathi sokuqhuma kwamabhomu amaNazi. Esondela ukuze izindonga zawo, amagobolondo washintsha trajectory kanye esidlule ngaleyo ndlela zafinyelela.

Lapho lokugubha uKhisimusi, izinkulungwane zabakhulekeli ukubutha ngaphansi nemengamo lombhishobhi. Abaningi babo beze lapha ezingxenyeni ezihlukahlukene wonke.

Imifanekiso, ngaphakathi

Awekho amazwi angachaza ubuhle ethempelini. Cathedral, libe lincane umbhoshongo Ensemble Ukubhoboza esibhakabhakeni, egcwele umsindo Blissful. Sifted rainbow ezithambile ezinemibala ibala ingilazi ukukhanya ephonsa zibona enhlobonhlobo ku sredokrestiem etholakala maphakathi egumbini. Ubuningi ukubaza themes waseBhayibhelini kugcizelela ubuhle emigqeni olungaphambili lwesonto. inani lawo imayelana 4500. Nokho-Amiens Cathedral eFrance, isicelo yomhlobiso sculptural akuyona njengoba esicebile njengoba waseReims. Uphinde wawungaphansi yokugcina ngokuya izinga. Nokho, Amiens lombhishobhi inthanethi babe eziqoshiwe eziningana kakhulu, okungaholela ekwelashweni jikelele kanye olinganise okuyinto evinces okwangempela ngekukhula ngokwengqondo.

I Finesse kungemalengiso futsi ubuhle ebaziwe "Golden Madonna". Kuyinto jewel yangempela umqhele. Esikhathini imisebe yelanga, lokhu ebaziwe obusuka ukukhazimula elinokuthula. Enza ngaphakathi lo indalo usephumelele esichaza ubuhle, ukuba msulwa futhi ubumsulwa ngokomoya. Madonna elise phezu izibalo zabaPhostoli. Zonke izibalo ukunikeza ukuma zemvelo. Bonke ukukhuluma nomunye (abaphostoli - amaqembu abhanqiwe Maria - Baby), namaqiniso uyaphila.

Isibalo Kristu, etholakala maphakathi portal phakathi, zihlukaniswa alula kahle Ihlukaniswe futhi ngokubabazekayo. Ngo abantu, ngezinye izikhathi ibizwa ngokuthi "uNkulunkulu esiphelele Amiens."

Ground inthanethi zone kuhlobisa izindondo eziningi, okuyizinto imifanekiso ne izinyanga zomnyaka, Izimpawu zezinkanyezi, kanjalonjalo.

Umlando isitayela Gothic

isitayela Gothic kwavela phakathi nekhulu le-12 eFrance. Okubaluleke kakhulu imisebenzi yakhe kuleli zwe kukhona amasonto ababhishobhi laseReims, Amiens futhi Chartres. France wahlala isibalo esikhulu esikhumbuzo okuqondene isitayela Gothic, kusukela amasonto ababhishobhi amakhulu ukuze Izindlwana. Ngekhulu le-15, inkathi 'Flamboyant Gothic ", izibonelo ezimbalwa kuphela zisekhona. Lokhu, isibonelo, Paris Tower Saint-Jacques futhi Rouen Cathedral (omunye inthanethi yakhe).

Izici Gothic Cathedral lase-Amiens

Ngu kwehlukana nesizungu isikhala izakhiwo Romanesque yokuhlanganisa ezahlukene izakhi lubandlululo kanye nenkululeko incazelo, njengoba kwaphawulwa encwadini Paris Cathedral, Gothic asenzele indlela ezingaphezu kuka kwamashumi amahlanu. Nokho, kuba Amiens Cathedral, wafinyelela ukwakhiwa isikhala, classical ngenxa yakhe. It eyakhululwa zonke Ubukhulu kusuka umkhawulo lobuchwepheshe, ngenkathi sigcina ngokucacile definition zomhlaba futhi ezakhayo yemida, amavolumu nesisindo nxazonke. Umuzwa inkululeko, okuyinto kudala isikhala expressivity e Cathedral izakhi ebizwa, ukukhanya ehlasela umzimba wonke, enikeza ngakuthathu ukuma umsungulo - konke lokhu kwenza ukwakheka ophelele owenziwa nguJesu izakhiwo ezifana Amiens Cathedral. izici Tebuciko lelithempeli asivumela ukuba zimbize sezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu emhlabeni.

Lokhu lombhishobhi ufaniswa kwesinye isikhathi yasendulo yesiGreki Parthenon. I mbumbulu kakhulu futhi ngokucebile ukuhlotshiswa ngempela usifaka par zendalo esikhulu kunazo zonke izakhiwo emhlabeni wonke.