Ukukhwabanisa kuyindlela yokuthutha ethandwa e-Asia

Ukukhwabanisa uhlobo lokuthutha oluvame kakhulu eSouth naseMpumalanga Asia. Kuyinto inqola (evamile ngamasondo amabili), ekhishwa yindoda ngamashifu. Lokhu okushiwo yi-rickshaw. Ngokujwayelekile, inqola yakhelwe umuntu oyedwa noma ababili. Manje uyazi ukuthi igama elithi "rickshaw" lisho ukuthini. Futhi ngezansi sizokutshela ngokuningiliziwe umlando wokubukeka kwalolu hlobo lokuthutha.

Inguqulo yokuqala

Amakhokhethi afanayo ajwayelekile kakhulu eParis emakhulwini e-XVII-XVIII. Ngo-1707, umculi uClaude Gillo wabonisa le ndlela yokuthutha esithombeni sakhe se-comic. Nokho, maduzane izinqola zaphuma ngaphandle kokusetshenziswa. 1860-1870-ies - lena yimizila, lapho ivela eJapane iya emazweni angaphandle ase-Asia lolu hlobo lwezokuthutha, njengama-rickshaws, lusakazeka. Lokhu kusungulwa kuthiwa isithunywa sevangeli saseMelika uJonathan Goble (Skoby). Wakhuphuka nomgibeli wokuhambisa umkakhe ogulayo.

Inguqulo yesibili

Kukhona enye indaba yendlela i-rickshaw evele ngayo. Lokhu kwenzeka eTokyo ngo-1870. Isithuthi sakhiwe yiJapane ezintathu - uKosuke Takayama, uTokudziro Suzuki noJoshuke Izumi. Bathola imvume esemthethweni hhayi kuphela ekwakhiweni, kodwa futhi nokuthengiswa kwezinqola. Ukubukeka kwezimbambo eJapane kungenxa yethonya laseNtshonalanga, okwandisa izikhathi eziningi ngo-1868 emva kweMeyiji Revolution. Emadolobheni, ijubane lokuphila liye landa kakhulu, isidingo sokuba abantu bahambe ngokushesha sisanda. Ukusetshenziswa kwama-palanquins akubonakali okwanele. Bafuna abalindi ababili bahamba kancane kancane. Futhi ukugcinwa kwamahhashi kuphethwe ngezikhathi ezingaphezulu kakhulu.

Ngo-1872 enhloko-dolobha yaseJapane, kwakukhona ama-rickshaws kakade angu-40 000, futhi ngo-1896 kuya ku-210. Futhi waqala ukusabalalisa kwamanye amazwe (China, India, njll). Kodwa-ke, lapho kufika imoto, inani labo lalinganciphisa njalo. Ngo-1938, kwakunezinkulungwane ezingu-13,000 ezisele eJapane. Ngemuva kweMpi Yezwe Yesibili, ezimweni zokubhujiswa, ezinye izingxenye zamadokodo zibuyela emigwaqweni yamadolobha, kodwa hhayi isikhathi eside. Manje emazweni amaningi, ukuhleka komkhiqizo kuyisici semboni yezokuvakasha.

Isiphetho

Eminyakeni yangemva kwempi yezizathu zezobuchwepheshe nezomnotho, le ndlela yokuthutha yaqala kancane kancane. Futhi emazweni akhula kancane kancane kwezomnotho, ngokuvamile ama-rickshaws avinjelwe njengophawu olubonakalayo lwezenhlalakahle eziphansi kanye nenkinga. Ngakho ngo-1949 banyamalala eChina. Futhi ngo-1972 wavimbela ukubonakala kwamakolishi emigwaqweni emikhulu yaseCalcutta (India). Eminyakeni eyishumi kamuva, iziphathimandla zedolobha zathatha futhi zabhubhisa izihlalo zabakhubazekile ezingaba ngu-12 000. Naphezu kwalokhu, ngokwemininingwane ka-1992, cishe ama-rickshaws angaba ngu-30 000 asebenza eCalcutta. Ngo-2005, ukuphathwa kweWest Bengal kumemezele ukuthi inhloso yayo yokuvinjelwa ngokuphelele lolu hlobo lwezokuthutha, okuyinto eyenza imibhikisho eminingi nemigwaqo.