Ukucubungula ezinganeni

Ukuncintisana kwengqondo kubantwana kuvame kakhulu ekudumeni kwezingane. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ezimweni eziningi, izingane zidinga ukuba zihanjiswe esibhedlela uma zithola ukulimala kobuchopho obuhlungu. Izingane ezingaba ngu-120 000 zitholwa njalo ngonyaka ezibhedlela zaseRussia.

Izigaba ezilandelayo zinikezwa ukulimala kwe-craniocerebral ngokweqile:

- ubuhlungu obunzima noma nje ingxabano ebuchosheni,

- ubukhulu obuningi, obuhlanganisa ukulimala nokuhlukunyezwa kobuchopho obunzima futhi obulinganiselayo,

- futhi kunzima kakhulu, uma kunesiphithiphithi esibucayi sebuchopho , nge-hematomas engasebenzi, ngokucindezela ubuchopho, ukuphuka kwesisekelo se-skull.

Ngenhlanhla, cishe zonke ze-TBI zezingane zingama-90% wezimpikiswano.

Sibheka lesi sigaba se-TBI yezingane. Isizathu sezinga eliphakeme lokulimala ezinganeni likhuphuka umsebenzi wezimoto, ukuphumula nokufuna ukwazi kwabo. Kulokhu, amakhono amakhono angaphelele nokuhlanganiswa okubuthakathaka kokunyakaza kwanezelwa . Ngaphezu kwalokho, izingane zinomqondo ophansi wengozi nokwesaba izindawo eziphakeme. Futhi izinhloko zezingane zinesisindo esikhulu, ngakho-ke ukuwa kwabo kwenzeka, ngokuvamile kuqhutshelwa phansi, futhi abangekho inshuwalense ngezandla zabo.

Ukucubungula ezinganeni akuhlotshaniswa nezinguquko ezinkulu, ezingenakuguqulwa kuwo, kanye nokuhlukunyezwa okunjalo, ngenhlanhla, ngokungajwayelekile kakhulu kuholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu.

Nakhu kuyadingeka ukuthi ucabange ukuthi ubuchopho bomuntu ebuntwaneni (futhi ikakhulukazi usana) lunemibono ebalulekile kusukela ebuchosheni bomuntu omdala. Ngakho-ke, ingxabano emntwaneni inehlukahluka okuvela kulokhu kuphazamiseka kumuntu omdala.

Lapho umuntu omdala enengxabano yobuchopho, uzizwa uzizwa lezi zibonakaliso ezilandelayo:

- Ukulahleka okungahle kwenzeke imizuzwana embalwa, ngisho nangesikhathi eside;

- isisulu siqala isisulu nokuhlanza;

- kukhona inhloko;

- i-amnesia kungenzeka, i.e. Uma umuntu ekhunjulwa konke okwenzekile ngaphambi kokulimala, ukuhlukunyezwa ngokwayo nokulandela ukulimala.

Kukhona namacala okubonakaliswa kwamanye izimpawu ezithile zezinzwa, njenge-nystagmus, ukusebenzisana okungahambi kahle kokunyakaza kanye nabanye.

Ukucubungula ezinganeni kuhluke kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ezinganeni kuze kube unyaka owodwa, ukuhlukunyezwa okunjalo kubonakala ngokubonakaliswa okuncane kwezimpawu. Ingane ayinakho ukulahlekelwa, ukuhlanza okukodwa noma okuningi kunokwenzeka, kodwa kumenza ahlanza, mhlawumbe ukuvuselela ngenkathi esondla, kukhishwa isikhumba. Ingane ibonisa ukukhathazeka okungenangqondo nokukhala, ibuthongo, ukuntula ukudla, ukulala okubi.

Ukucubungula ezinganeni ezisezingeni lesandulela ngculazi kuvame ukuhambisana nokulahlekelwa ukwazi, kubonisa ngokucacile ukusikhipha isisu nokuhlanza ngemva kokuhlukunyezwa. Bakhononda ngekhanda, impulse yabo ivuselela noma iyancipha, ukucindezela komzimba okungaguquki kubonakala, isikhumba siyajika, futhi ukujuluka kubonakala. Ingane iqala ukuba ingenangqondo, iba mhlophe, kukhona ukwephulwa kokulala.

Ukungaziwa komzimba wengane kulesi sigameko kubonakala ukuthi inkambo ehlala isikhathi eside yenxephezelo ingashintshwa ngokuqinile ngokulimala kombuso. Okusho ukuthi, ngamazwi alula, kubonakala sengathi - ingane ngemuva kokuwa kuqala izwa kahle, kepha emva kwesikhathi, izimpawu ziqala ukuvela futhi zikhule ngokushesha.

Yini abazali okufanele bayenze uma kunengxabano yobuchopho ezinganeni? Impendulo ibe yinye kuphela - ingane kufanele ihlolwe ngempela udokotela. Futhi kungcono ukubiza ngokuthi "i-ambulensi", okumele imuthathe ingane esibhedlela, lapho kunezingane ze-neurosurgeons zezingane noma izazi zegazi. Isilinganiso esinjalo ngeke sibe esingenakuqhathaniswa.