Uhlu ukuzibonakalisa futhi izikhundla. Ukwahlukanisa kazwelonke imisebenzi

Umthetho Russian usefunde eziningi neziqondiso liqine inqubo Ukwahlukaniswa blue-collar imisebenzi kanye nezikhundla abasebenzi. Iyini injongo yale yemithetho? Miphi kukhona ethandwa kakhulu izinkampani Russian?

Ukwahlukanisa imisebenzi nezikhundla: isiqondiso normative

Uhlu ukuzibonakalisa futhi izikhundla is ngokomthetho umthetho waseRussia. Ukuze eqondile - ku OK bezobhekana 016-94, okuyinto wamukelwa Standard State of the Russian Federation ngo-1994. Ngenxa yalokho, lo somhleli isimo izikhundla kanye nasemikhakheni kwahambisana amalungiselelo ahlukahlukene. Ngaphezu kwalokhu umthombo umthetho, sivumele isishaya-mthetho Russian nezinye iziqondiso belinganisa uhlu ezahlukene izikhundla ukusebenza Benziwe. Phakathi kwalabo - Incwadi evela eMnyango Wezemfundo Inombolo 21.05.2001 511 / 13-13. Ngalesi PPA izishaya evunyiwe uhlu ukuzibonakalisa abasebenzi ezikhungweni zemfundo.

Noma kunjalo, omunye wemithombo ukhiye komthetho ubhekwa namanje amanndla Kulungile 016-94. Kuyinto ingxenye iqoqo Enobunye of kwezibalo uhlelo ulwazi. Cabanga ngokuningiliziwe imininingwane yalolu hlelo ka umthombo njenge-National Ukwahlukanisa Professions 016-94 Kulungile.

National Ukwahlukanisa 016-94 Kulungile: izici zohlelo lokusebenza

Kungaphawulwa ukuthi idokhumenti okukhulunywa lakhiwe esikhundleni umthombo injongo efanayo - ngezigaba union, ekhomba ubuchwepheshe, izikhundla, kanye nezigaba amaholo banikezwe. Lo mthombo lwakhiwe ngendlela yokuthi, ngisho e-USSR. I idokhumenti entsha, esikhundleni salokho, yayihloselwe ukuba kubonise imininingwane yalolu abasebenzi wamabhizinisi asebenza ngendlela umnotho emakethe eRussia.

Amanndla Kulungile 016-94 yakhelwe ukwenza imisebenzi efana:

- Ukuxilongwa inani abasebenzi bezinhlangano,

- ezimali abasebenzi kanye ongoti ukusatshalaliswa izigaba, neziqu, izimo ezahlukene ukusebenza,

- sokunquma isidingo ochwepheshe ubuchwepheshe endaweni ethile.

Lowo Mbhalo wangonyaka we okukhulunywa kwavunyelwana, njengoba sibonile ngenhla, ngo-1994, kodwa sisasebenza nanamuhla. Yiqiniso, ngezikhathi ezithile kuyadingeka ukwethula izinguquko, ezakhiwe uhlu okuyinto ukuzibonakalisa entsha futhi izikhundla elihambisana izikhundla evelayo phakathi ukuthuthukiswa emnothweni kazwelonke. Mthetho, njengoba usukela ngokucabangela izinhlelo ezihlukahlukene ukwahlukaniswa, uzama acabangele lo mphumela futhi unezela idokhumenti ezifanele nemithetho emisha.

tikhundla amanndla kanye nasemikhakheni, evunywe State Standard, isetshenziswa ngokuyinhloko njengoba ithuluzi kwezibalo - ukuze ihlanganise isibalo kahulumeni yezakhamuzi abahlanganyela umsebenzi wezisebenzi umkhakha othize. Ukuze uthole ulwazi mayelana isakhamuzi ukusebenza ngamunye benzelwe, ukuze ohlelweni ezimali igcinwe abagunyaziwe. Ngenxa anawo isimo kukhona ulwazi mayelana bangaki abantu basebenze ingxenye ethile ye emnothweni.

Ulwazi mayelana ilungu labasebenzi ngokuhambisana uhlu, ezihlanganisa iNational Ukwahlukanisa imisebenzi litholakale abanekhono zikahulumeni ngokuhambisana nomthetho. Ukuze isiqondiso accounting imibhalo equkethe ulwazi olufanele, kungase kube ezimali wemfanelo noma ochwepheshe kwabasebenzi amasevisi amabhizinisi.

Isicelo ukwahlukaniswa amabhizinisi ezinkulu nezincane

Ezimweni eziningi, isidingo ukutadishwa amalungiselelo we ukwahlukaniswa ephakama amabhizinisi ezinkulu. Lokhu ngokuvamile ngenxa yokuba khona iminyango ukuthi enze ezihlukahlukene imisebenzi yebhizinisi. Ngakho-ke, ezinye amayunithi kwesakhiwo kungase kudingeke ukuba ahlanganise uhlu imisebenzi enobungozi sokubalwa izinzuzo isinxephezelo abasebenzi. Okunye zigaba inkampani kungase kudingeke ukuba anqume ukuthi yikuphi abanye abasebenzi bangase babe ongoti abaqeqeshiwe - ucabangela uhlu ezilotshwe somhleli.

Ekusebenteni, isikhundla idokhumenti lungasetshenziswa ekuklanyweni zabasebenzi kanye izisebenzi zale nkampani. Ulwazi luhlanganisa semthethweni uhlu ukuzibonakalisa futhi izikhundla, ingasetshenziswa ukulungisa kumiswa izivumelwano, ukuze ukhombise isikhundla ethize umsebenzi imibhalo efanele, kanye encwadini yomsebenzi. Le ndlela yokusebenzisa ephawula umsebenzi we amanndla izisebenzi amasevisi hhayi kuphela izinkampani ezinkulu kodwa futhi amabhizinisi amancane. Uma inkampani idinga ukukhipha umuntu isikhundla ngokwanele ezingavamile, kubalulekile ukubonakalisa kahle imibhalo yayo enshrining zabasebenzi phakathi komsebenzi kanye umqashi.

Manje cabanga indlela isimo wakhiwe somhleli, okutshengisa uhlu ukuzibonakalisa futhi izikhundla.

Isakhiwo izikhundla somhleli kanye nasemikhakheni

Amanndla, lapho uhlu esinqunyiwe ukusebenza isikhundla nasezinkolelweni, yakhiwa izakhi ezimbili eziyinhloko:

- kwesigaba yemisebenzi abasebenzi;

- ingxenye abasebenzi.

Ingxenye yokuqala ibonisa uhlu, ukuze ochwepheshe abasebenza ezibhekwayo kuchaziwe iqoqo elilodwa imisebenzi kanye ubuchwepheshe, kanye izikhundla, amalungelo kanye nezibopho zazo fixed ngezimiso, iziqondiso nezinqumo zokwahlulela esilawula izici ezihlukahlukene imisebenzi kuleli noma nezinye izingxenye zomnotho.

Kumiswa kwesigaba sesibili, eveza ulwazi mayelana nabasebenzi izikhundla is ngesisekelo nenqubo babeka phansi Enobunye ngesilwane esifuywayo izikhundla abafanele, kanye umhlahlandlela abaqokelwe ezikhundleni zokuthathwa kwezinqumo, izikhundla ochwepheshe nabasebenzi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungase icele uhlu zamanje ukwamukele imisebenzi emkhakheni wesi normative of zabasebenzi. Ngokuqondene, ngokukhethekile, izihloko umsebenzi bakahulumeni - bajwayele ngokuhambisana izenzo umuntu ongaphansi zomthetho.

Izinto ekhona somhleli, emelelwa amabhlogo ezintathu:

- ukuhlonza;

- aqukethe igama into;

- Ulwazi.

Kungaphawulwa ukuthi kwakhiwa block ukuhlonza kusekelwe ethize wekhodi uhlelo izinto. Kuyinto samanje idesimali izindawo 5, futhi nenombolo ukulawula ukuthi kubalwa esekelwe izindlela enikeziwe inqubo ekhethekile.

Isici esiyinhloko we ukwahlukaniswa - itafula iqinile, eqinisweni, uhlu ukuzibonakalisa futhi izikhundla, kanye amakhodi asethwe ngabo. Cabanga-ke isakhiwo ngaphezulu.

Ithebula njengoba liyisici esiyisisekelo

Ngakho, etafuleni unamagama ubuchwepheshe, amakhono, kanye amakhodi ezihambisana nabo. Ngakho bangase anezigaba eziyisithupha ezahlukene bamanani ezitholakala amakholomu ehlukile.

Ikhodi wokuqala esalotshwa somhleli. He is idijithi emihlanu-a. Idijithi yokuqala kungaba emelelwa ibanga 1-4. Uma ikhodi 1 noma 3 kukhethiwe, kusho ukuthi ukuhweba yesisebenzi kubonakala. Uma ikhodi akhethiwe 2 noma 4 - libonisa isikhundla service. Izibalo asele kubonise ulwazi mayelana sphere olulodwa yizenzo zabantu.

Isilawuli Inombolo kubonakala kukholamu yesibili. Kungaba amelwe inombolo kusuka 0 kuya 9.

Ohlwini wesine etafuleni, okubandakanya uhlu olusemthethweni ukuzibonakalisa futhi izikhundla, ukudedelwa kubonakala, okuyinto ukuba umsebenzi ukuze agcwalise izibopho zawo. Idatha enikeziwe lapha kungathi value ethile noma kwibanga inikezwe.

Ikholomu yesihlanu ibonisa inombolo ehambisana ukukhululwa lwemibhalo Omunye ziqu.

Ikholomu lesithupha kubonakala ikhodi elihambisana Ukwahlukanisa Imisebenzi. Ungumthombo wako, ngezinga elithile enezela uhlu okukhulunywa ngakho, kodwa, njengoba ochwepheshe bathi, zingaphansi kwakhe e descriptiveness. Ikhodi elihambisana kuboniswa inombolo enamadijithi amane. Kungase kuqashelwe ukuthi elithi "umsebenzi" libhekene umthamo a somhleli ekhethekile obukhulu kunobukaJohane "umsebenzi." Ngakho-ke, omunye futhi umsebenzi ofanayo ungakwazi luhambisane ubuchwepheshe eziningana ukuthi izobandakanya uhlu olusemthethweni emisebenti ubuchwepheshe.

Nje uhlu lwezinto eqoshiwe kukholamu wesithathu somhleli - alfabhethi. I izigaba ezifanele zihlukaniswe ngamaqembu 2 - ukuzibonakalisa ukusebenza, kanye izikhundla nabasebenzi.

Ngokuphathelene amabhlogo Imininingwane, ezembula imininingwane ukuzibonakalisa ukusebenza ke aba khona amakhodi ekhethekile - isici. Cabanga imininingwane yabo ethize.

amakhodi facet ukuzibonakalisa ukusebenza

Amakhodi embuzweni, oveza ubungcweti inombolo ethile mayelana nodaba bhukulwazi Omunye ziqu, kanye izikhundla Ukwahlukanisa Imisebenzi. Block Imininingwane likhona kubhekwa ohlwini 7 facets abonisa afanayo abathengisa ngezizathu ezifana:

- uhlobo ukukhiqizwa noma emsebenzini - e ukuhlanganisa ne ukukhishwa Uniform ziqu wabahlinzeki (isici 01, ubude bayo - izinhlamvu 2);

- tariff ezingeni (facets 02, ubude bayo - 1 uphawu);

- class noma izigaba ezithile ziqu isisebenzi (03 facets, ubude bayo - 1 uphawu);

- ifomu kanye nokukhokhwa izindlela (04 facets, ubude bayo - izinhlamvu 2);

- nemibandela yokuqashwa (05 facets, ubude bayo - 1 uphawu);

- umsebenzi ezingeni imishini (06 facets, ubude bayo - 1 uphawu);

- amagama ahlobene umsebenzi (isici 07, ubude bayo - 1 uphawu).

Ikhodi umsebenzi ukusebenza: isibonelo

Ngokwesibonelo, turner umsebenzi uzobe amelwe ikhodi, okuyinto sizofaka izinombolo ezilandelayo:

- 1 - Lesi sibalo ibonisa iqiniso ukuthi ufakwe ngu ubuthishela zokusebenza ;

- 9149 - sibalo sikhombisa ukuthi kuyinto turner ubungcweti;

- 6 - lesi sibalo inombolo okulawula;

- 02 - elihambisana inkomba ebonisa ukuthi umsebenzi uhambelana 2nd ukukhululwa ziqu lwemibhalo Evamile;

- 7223 - lokhu sibalo ibonisa ukuhambisana umsebenzi core iqembu ephathelene Ukwahlukanisa Imisebenzi;

- 5 - sibalo okuhambisanayo ibonisa ukuthi umuntu kudingeka abe 5th tariff isigaba;

- 12 - Kulesi sibalo sikhombisa ukuthi isicelo ucezu-ibhonasi abasebenzi isikimu kwabasebenzi;

- 1 - sibalo okuhambisanayo ibonisa ukuthi umsebenzi libhekene kwezimo ezivamile ukusebenza ukusebenza;

- 2 - Lesi sibalo kubonisa ukuthi umuntu okhipha umsebenzi wakhe by imishini.

It kuvela ukuthi mkhakha ikhodi turner, kwakheka ngesisekelo nenqubo okuyinto ziyabonakala ku isiphawulo, izobukeka 19149602722351212.

uhlu Ngokufanayo isici amakhodi we Russian Federation futhi inikeza imisebenzi nezikhundla e Ukwahlukaniswa abasebenzi. Ake sihlole kubo.

amakhodi facet abasebenzi ukwahlukaniswa

Kulokhu-ke umbuzo amakhodi, isigaba sibonakalisa izikhundla - lapho 1 uhlamvu likhona, kanye ezikhomba isikhundla othize ukuqeqeshwa somhleli lapho uphawu 4 iqinile.

Through 3-facets kubonakala isikhundla ngezizathu ezifana:

- isigaba (isici 10, okumelelwe uphawu 1);

- Izisetshenziswa ezilethwayo isikhundla (isici 11, imelelwa izinhlamvu 2);

- isigaba noma iziqu emakilasini (facets 12, imelelwa 1 uphawu).

Kungaphawulwa ukuthi facets 11 no-12 ezikhethiwe okusekelwe imininingwane umsebenzi othize. Ngakho, ngo-ziqu nemikhiqizo izikhundla azifani. Ngakho-ke, izikhundla ehlukene isici ezikhethiwe 11 kuphela.

Ihhovisi ikhodi isisebenzi: Isibonelo

Ngokwesibonelo, isikhundla ezifana iPhini induna umnyango ezezimali nezomnotho inkampani kuyodingeka ikhodi, yakhiwa izinkomba ezifana:

- 2 - okubonisa isikhundla;

- 4695 - lo khomba yokuthi kwaba umphathi womnyango;

- 1 - esetshenziswa njengoba inombolo yereferensi;

- 1 - lo khomba yokuthi kuba abaholi isigaba ibhizinisi;

- 1231 - ziphakamisa isixhumanisi nge lunikeza isisekelo isikhundla iqembu kule Ukwahlukanisa Imisebenzi;

- 03 - lo khomba yokuthi kuba isikhundla esuselwe.

Interconnection Kulungile 016-94 futhi Ukwahlukanisa Imisebenzi

Kungaphawulwa ukuthi phakathi izinjongo ukwahlukaniswa, okuyinto yethulwa Lesinqumo LoMkhandlu Standard State lokuvunywa uhlu ukuzibonakalisa futhi izikhundla, kanye nalezo zikhona imisebenzi somhleli, wagabadela khona izixhumanisi ezikuvumela ubheke kuqala eqenjini elithile ngaphakathi uhlu, ukuze okungokwendlela yesibili . Okusho ukuthi, ngamunye isikhundla - isisebenzi noma isisebenzi, njengoba umthetho, singasho sithi isigaba oluthile lomsebenzi.

Nokho, kufanele kuphawulwe: uma sicabangela iqiniso lokuthi imiqondo ezifana "Okwenzayo:", "umsebenzi" futhi "iposi" kakhulu kuhluke bodwa, abasebenzi inkampani nabasebenzi inkonzo olusebenzisa somhleli, okukhulunywa ngakho, kungase kudingeke ukubandakanya echaza namaqembu Ukwahlukanisa imisebenzi - ukuze sithole obukhethekile izinjongo zawo walabo izikhundla ukuthi anikezwa ngaphansi ukucatshangelwa olusemthethweni uhlu ukuzibonakalisa futhi izikhundla.