Iyini izinhlangano zemali?

Izinhlangano zezikweletu zibhekwa njengengxenye ebalulekile yezwe lanamuhla, ngoba ukuthenga umkhiqizo obizayo lapha futhi manje, abantu abaningi abakwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kwemali mboleko. Ngempela, ukuthengwa kwezimpahla ezinkulu esikweletini nsuku zonke kwenzeka ezweni lethu. Kwenzeke ukuthi izinga lokuphila labantu aliphezulu ngokwanele, ngakho-ke ungakwazi ukuthenga, isibonelo, ukuthenga imoto kuphela ngosizo lwemali mboleko.

Akumangazi ukuthi usuku ngalunye kunezikhungo eziningi ezikhethekile. Ngaphambi kokuboleka imali ngokungacabangi, kufanele ufunde kabanzi mayelana nokuthi yiziphi izinhlangano zezikweletu nokuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zazo. Noma yimuphi isikhungo esinjalo sibhaliswe emibuthweni ekhethekile yesifunda njengenhlangano esemthethweni yefomu elithile lenhlangano nelokwezomthetho. Umsebenzi oyinhloko womsebenzi wakhe ukukhulisa inzuzo ngokusabalalisa imikhiqizo ethile yasebhange. Idokhumenti evumayo ebonisa uhlu lwemisebenzi engenzeka ukuthi inhlangano izoyenza yilayisensi. Ikhishwa yiBhange Elikhulu lezwe, futhi lihoxiswa kuphela uma ukushicilelwa kwezikhungo zemali esikweletu kukhishwa.

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ngokwemigomo yemigomo yezomthetho ekhona, izikhungo ezinjalo akufanele zenze imisebenzi yokuhweba ehlobene nokuhweba, ukukhiqizwa noma umshuwalense wezakhamizi. Izinhlangano zezikweletu zebhange nezingekho ebhange zihlukanisa phakathi kwazo zonke izinhlobo. Uhlobo lokuqala luhlanganisa kuphela lezo zikhungo ezikhethekile ngokuhlinzeka ngezinhlobo ezintathu eziyisisekelo zokuthengiselana:

• Idiphozidi (ukuqongelela izimali ezivela kubantu kanye nokusetshenziswa kwazo njengezinsiza zemali mboleko);
• Isikweletu (ukuboleka imali edingekayo kumakhasimende);
• Ukuhlala (ukudluliselwa kwamanani kusuka ku- akhawunti yamanje yamakhasimende kuya ku- akhawunti yomzuzi).

Futhi kusukela kuhlobo ngalunye lwalezi zenzo, izinzuzo zebhange. Kodwa ingxenye enkulu kunazo zonke yemali engenayo iwela emalimboleko kanye nemalimboleko, ngoba ngokusetshenziswa kwezikhwama zamahhala okwesikhashana iklayenti inesibopho sokukhokha iphesenti.

Empeleni, zonke izikhungo zezikweletu ziphakathi kwezikhungo zezomnotho, ngoba ziqoqa izimali kubatshalizimali, okungukuthi, osomabhizinisi abafuna ukutshala izimali ezikhona, futhi bazibuyisele kabusha emabhizinisini aswele. Izikhungo ezingekho ebhange zigxila ekusebenzeni komsebenzi ngamunye. Lolu hlobo lwemali yesempesheni, izinkampani zokuhweba kanye nezinkampani zomshuwalense, izitolo zepayipi njalonjalo.

Ukubika ngezinkampani zezikweletu kwenziwa ngokucophelela, ngoba yonke imisebenzi yabo ixhunywe nemali, okusho ukuthi ukuzinza nokuthembeka kwenkampani ethile kuxhomeke ekutheni i-accounting yabo ilandelwe. Uhulumeni uphinde ahlole ukunemba nokuchithwa kolwazi olunikezwe ezitatimendeni zezezimali. Kuze kube sekugcineni, ukuhlolwa kwangaphandle okudingekayo kwenziwe njalo ngonyaka ngenhlangano yangaphandle.