Tu-414: izindiza Russian izimo Russian

Russian izindiza umkhakha ingenye endala kakhulu emhlabeni. izindiza yethu yokuqala futhi ngokuvamile abanayo analogue phesheya. Isimo sezulu kanye sezulu izimo ezingxenyeni ezahlukene Russia kwaholela isidingo imishini eziye bazivumelanisa ezingokoqobo Russian. Ngakho kwaba khona Tu-414 ngenxa civil aviation yasekhaya. Leli akulona indiza efanayo, lumane nje isiphakamiso kunenzuzo sokuthuthukiswa air traffic eRussia.

izindiza Regional ngezindinganiso Russian

Uyini Jets lesifunda? Lokhu, ngaphezu kwakho konke, maphakathi no-range kanye short-range izitsha. Ngokuvamile yokuthi mincane. Njengomthetho, bakwazi ukubhekana turboprop izinjini futhi akudingeki esiqiwini enkulu. Lokhu indiza alingeni uhlaka ezinjalo, uhlukile.

Esikhathini Russian Federation, welithi "zesifunda", "wendawo", "umakhelwane" kunencazelo ukuhluka kakhulu eYurophu. Russia - zwe elikhulukazi, kanye eduze-civil zezindiza izindiza, kanye nezitsha naphakathi-range abe namandla inqolobane enkulu ngokwanele, hhayi ifakwe turboprop futhi turbojet izinjini futhi bayakwazi ukuthuthukisa eliphezulu kakhulu ijubane Cruising. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izindiza zethu amandla ezahlukene kwesakhiwo bayakwazi umhlaba airfields quality ezahlukene. Imikhumbi Kumelwe bahlasele kahle uma isimo sezulu sisibi futhi ukumelana nezimo yeSiberia, Far North izifunda. Tu-414 elihlangabezana nazo zonke lezi nemingcele.

Inama izinjini ezimbili turbojet, okuyinto bayakwazi ngesivinini kuze kufinyelele 800 km / h, okuyinto efana ne ijubane imikhumbi emikhulu eside hola umgibeli. Uyakwazi fly ibanga kuze kube 8000 km, okuyinto kakhulu zezindiza lesifunda eduze. Akakwazi kuphela ukundiza, kodwa futhi ukuwuqondisa e siyisinqumo esinzima kunazo zonke izimo zezulu, Nokho, njengoba zonke izindiza Tu. Aircraft izici uvumele ukwenza cababa precoat olungiselelwe noma ice airfield uma kunesidingo. Lezi zitholakala ngokuyinhloko esifundeni Arctic, futhi izindiza ukuthatha indawo kakhulu kuyaqabukela. Nokho, ithuba itholakala izindiza ikhipha.

Konke kuncike isakhiwo Ingaphakathi

Tu-414 - indiza jikelele. Interior isakhiwo zingaguqulwa ngokubona kwakho. Lapho isibalo abagibeli ke angazamukela incike ibanga indiza yayo ngaphandle refueling. Ngakho, ngezinqola zempi egcwele amafutha kanye abagibeli angu-72 futhi izisebenzi indiza ingandiza km 3500 kuphela, okuyilona elisebenzayo futhi impela eningi ukuthi indiza eduze izindiza.

uhla omkhulu (8000 km) esihambelana ukuguqulwa ekhethekile indiza okuyinto siguqule umkhumbi umgibeli sangasese ibhizinisi jet. Ukuze abameleli iziphathimandla zikahulumeni kukhona ukuguqulwa olukhethekile izindiza - Tu-414 ukuphatha. Izihlalo indawo ukhululekile kakhulu, futhi ungqimba bead is kakhulu lula. Idlanzana izihlalo ebhodini, umklamo elula, onamandla turbojet izinjini nezinkulu fuel umthamo uyivumele ukundiza amabanga amade kakhulu. Kuyefana nasendleleni elikhethekile, ucezu models osomabhizinisi abacebile.

Ukuqhubeka kanye rationality

Ulungise futhi ugcine sokuyokhonza indiza, lapho eziningi izinhlelo eliyingqayizivele futhi izingxenye, eqolo. Kulula uma endizeni kusekelwe omunye imodeli ethandwa. Iningi izingxenye futhi izinhlelo nezilandiso, futhi asikho isidingo ukwakha amandla angeziwe. Tu-414 kuyinto owalandela we Tu-324. Lokhu kakhulu lula ukukhiqiza kanye nokugcinwa izindiza. Amasayithi amaningi hhayi kuphela ahambisanayo, kodwa futhi fanekiso ngokuphelele. Okufanayo indiza Izilawuli ngezinga eliphezulu commonality abanikeze asebenza nabo enze kube nokwenzeka ukuba banciphise isikhathi kanye nezindleko kabusha ukuqeqeshwa kwabashayeli bezindiza ngale nqubo. Ngenxa ubunjalo ukukhiqizwa umthamo indalo okuningi ngemali ephansi.

indawo eyodwa

Ukuthuthukiswa kanye ukukhiqizwa zonke imindeni ethintekayo Tu Tupolev. Lena ibhizinisi esiyingqayizivele. Thanda abaholi abaningi emhlabeni ubunjiniyela aeronautical, ekuthuthukisweni kwethu CB imikhumbi ukuqala kabusha. izindiza Eyingqayizivele eyingqayizivele kwenza lokhu inkampani omunye izisekelo ubukhosi Russian nokuzimela.

Umlando ibhizinisi akuyona lula futhi ezithakazelisayo. Lena akuyona omunye corporations, onguchwepheshe ukukhiqizwa izindiza civil. Ngokwengxenye lokhu inhlangano lempi. History of the Design Bureau uqalise nge ezithuthuthwini kuya iRed Army, futhi lo mbukiso Ukuqhubeka ukulwa izindiza. Leyo mikhumbi kuqala ngempumelelo izindiza zempi kwenzeka ngo WWII futhi yakopishwa kusukela B29 American. izinkampani izindiza Ngaphezu kwalokho babe ngentuthuko yasekhaya esiyingqayizivele, kuhlanganise civil, ifakwe turbojet izinjini.

ezingokoqobo zamanje

Okwamanje Tupolev ababhekana ezikhathini ezinzima. Ngenxa amaphutha kuleli bhukwana kanye Positioning le CB inkampani ke kuncike kakhulu osizweni lukahulumeni. Le nkampani minyaka yonke iza ekulahlekelweni net futhi lokhu akunakunisiza. Ngisho ngoba izindiza zesifunda Russian Airlines izindiza uncamela abakhiqizi angaphandle, lokhu kungenxa yokuthi abaseRussia abangethembi Russian izindiza umkhakha. KB isithombe libukelwa phansi, futhi ukuba khona emakethe ukuncintisana ngamazwe kudinga umsebenzi sína ku ukuma ibhizinisi, badinga umkhankaso wokudayisa yesimanje.