Tic: izimbangela kanye nokwelashwa kwabadala. Izinhlobo tics sezinzwa

Uyini Tiki ubuso? Lokhu ongalawuleki kwemisipha izinhlungu zibe, okungalindelekile Kufinyeta kwemisipha. Ngokuvamile, isiguli sihlangabezane nkomba ibhanyabhanyaza okusheshayo nezinkophe, okungazelelwe jerking ukunyakaza kwamehlo noma ekhaleni imibimbi. imihlola efanayo yaziwa nangokuthi zibe ebusweni. Nakuba zenzeka ngaphandle kokuhlela kusengaphambili, okuwukuthi ngokuzimela isifiso noma ukwenqena lomuntu, bangakwazi ukucindezela okwesikhashana umzamo oqotho.

Kunezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene izifo kanye nezimo kungabangela inkinga efana tic sezinzwa. Izimbangela kanye nokwelashwa abadala ezibhekwa ngempela ezingavamile, njengoba uvame kutholakala lo zokugula izingane nokuphazamiseka kwempilo zezinzwa. Nokho, iziguli omdala futhi ezikhala ngezinhlungu teak ngokuvamile lokho kwanele. Lesi simo esiyingqayizivele sibangelwa kuvamile abesilisa kakhulu ukwedlula e amantombazane nabesifazane.

izinhlobo zemikhaza

Medicine kwaziwa ngelinye lezimpawu ezahlukene, okuyinto zihluke ngokuphelele olimini nomunye izimfanelo, izenzo zokwelapha nobukhali isimo. Ngokusho umfutho kanye nokuvama kwemisipha izinhlungu zibe ngokuvamile ungakwazi ukuxilonga eyinhloko disorder zezinzwa.

iziyaluyalu zesikhashana tic

Ngokuvamile, odokotela ibhekene izimpawu ezifana tic lezivakashi. Izimbangela Nezingozi ukwelashwa abadala libhekene kalula isihlobo - zinkinga ezimweni eziningi zona ngokwazo. Okungalindelekile imisipha ukunyakaza ngaleyo ndlela musa isikhathi eside futhi kungaba liphindwe nsuku zonke inyanga noma ngaphezulu, kodwa inani lesikhathi ingeqi unyaka owodwa.

Thikha lokhu ezihlukahlukene kusho nesifiso esinamandla ukwenza ukunyakaza ezithile, ngisho ukushicilela umsindo othize. It ungaboniswa kanje:

• amehlo njalo eshaywa;
• ukuvuvukala emakhaleni;
• ngokuphakamisa amashiya;
• ukuvulwa umlomo;
• ngokucindezela ulimi;
• ukukhipha emphinjeni;
• ibhodle.

Ukwelashwa ngokuvamile akudingeki.

Okungalapheki motor tics

Lesi sifo bungavami ngaphandle tics lezivakashi, kodwa ezikhathini eziningi Tourette syndrome. Ukuze usungule ukuxilongwa "ezingamahlalakhona motor tic" (izimbangela kanye nokwelashwa e abadala zichaziwe ngezansi), isiguli kufanele nigcine kwemisipha izinhlungu zibe iminyaka eminingi, futhi ukuhlasela ngamunye kufanele kuhlale kudlule izinyanga ezintathu.

eshaywa nezinkophe, obuhlinayo futhi ukunyakazisa amehlo ngokweqile kuyizinto ezivamile. Ngokungafani tics lezivakashi ezichazwe ngenhla, ezingamahlalakhona motor zibe abayeki, ngisho ngesikhathi sokulala.

Nakuba izingane zivame ayidingekile seziguli omdala kutuswa uthintane onguchwepheshe - ikakhulukazi uma umuntu ngenxa yezimo abhekene uhlanekezelwe ku grimaces noma twitches iso. Ukwelashwa kuzoncika ukushuba zokubonisa iziyaluyalu.

Tourette Syndrome

Nakuba Tourette Syndrome kubhekwa isifo ebuntwaneni, ngokuvamile baphawula lapho isikhulile, ikakhulukazi uma ingane uhlushwa uhlobo ezinzima yesifo nayo anamukelanga ukwelashwa okufanele ngesikhathi esifanele. Uma sekutholakele ukuthi sine- ukuthi tic sezinzwa? Izimpawu ohlwini olulandelayo kungacacisa Tourette Syndrome:

• ephethe izingalo zakhe;
• ulimi ophumile;
• selaphe;
• ukuthinta izingxenye elisondelene umzimba wakhe;
• nokuqamba amanga inhlamba;
• ukuthinta ezinenhlamba.

Ukuze usungule ukuxilongwa "syndrome Tourette sika" nesineke kumele abaphethwe tics vocal, kanye ukukhubazeka ngokomzimba. Ngezwi imikhaza kukhona hiccups ngokweqile, njalo emphinjeni ukukhipha nokuxhumana njalo ngezwi ephakanyiswe (abamemezayo) ngaphandle kwesizathu. Abanye abantu nazo kaningi kakhulu okuphindaphindiwe okuhlukumezayo (ezinenhlamba) ulimi nanoma yiliphi igama elilodwa noma ibinzana.

Uma isiguli - ingane, izindlela yokwelapha yokuziphatha ngokuvamile okwanele ukwelapha izimpawu ezingemnandi njengomuntu tic sezinzwa ezinjalo. Izimbangela Nezingozi ukwelashwa abadala ngokuziqhathanisa ziwuhlobo ukuba ungaguli kakhulu, ngakho ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, odokotela evame ukunikezwa umthamo imithi.

Izimbangela nezici eziyingozi

Imbangela yinoma uluphi uhlobo umkhaza ukuphazamiseka zezinzwa okungaba udokotela oqeqeshwe ngokuphelele kuphela. Nokho, kwezinye izimo bayakwazi ukwenza kusebenze "balele" zokugula futhi izinkinga phakathi isifo eyinhloko. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuchayeka engozini zici okuholela ekwandeni nobuningi ukushuba umkhaza. Lezi zinto zibandakanya:

• ukucindezeleka;
• excitation ngokweqile;
• ukukhathala;
• umkhuhlane;
• inkanuko izidakamizwa;
• hyperactivity, ukungakwazi ukugxilisa ingqondo;
• esilawulayo-kuphoqeleke disorder (OCD).

ukuhlola

Phakathi kwalokhu kuphazamiseka okulula ukuxilonga iso tic. Izimbangela kanye nokwelashwa kuzoncika zokugula kokuqala, ngakho ngemva kokuxoxa izimpawu udokotela kungenzeka ukukuthumelela wezengqondo ukuhlola isimo ingqondo yakho.

Kubalulekile ukususa ngokushesha imbangela okungenzeka teak isifo bokuphila. Kubuza udokotela ucacise uma ngabe awuboni nezinye izimpawu zezifo, ngaphambi kokuthatha isinqumo ekufezeni sivivinyo seluhlololucwaningo. Ungahle udinge i electroencephalogram (Bheka), okuvumela ukuba ukukala umsebenzi kagesi zobuchopho. Lokhu kuhlola kusiza ukuhlonza yisithuthwane ngokulandelana kwawo, okungase kubangele izinkinga ezifana iso tic.

Izimbangela kanye nokwelashwa futhi sahlulele umphumela electromyography - inhlolo-vo ukuhlonza ukwephula imisipha noma imizwa isebenze. Njengoba teak ngokuyinhloko spasm kwemisipha ku isizinda Neurology, EMG Imiphumela kungenzeka kuphazamise kukhethwa indlela yokwelashwa.

Indlela ukuhlukanisa umkhaza usuka Lu Geriga isifo

• Lu Geriga isifo, owaziwa nangokuthi "ALS", kuyinto sifo esingavamile esidluliselwa, ngenkathi izinhlobo ezahlukene imikhaza, kuhlanganise nje ebusweni kwemisipha izinhlungu zibe, kodwa lezi zimpawu atypical like umunwe sezinzwa tic, ziyinkinga evame kakhulu .
• Iziguli ALS ahlupheke ngokuyinhloko kusukela buthakathaka kwezicubu, futhi okwesibili kuphela - ngokwanele engahlosile Kufinyeta kwemisipha. Lapho umkhaza ekuqaleni wakhulelwa isidingo ukunyakaza okungalindelekile, okungase kube kwezinye izimo ezihlobene ne ukukhathala okungamahlalakhona.
• Ngokuvamile kokubili pathologies Isiguli iso twitches. Ukwelashwa ngokuvamile akunamthelela sobala kusukela umkhaza abavamile kuwuphawu kunokuba lesi sifo, futhi amyotrophic lateral sclerosis yokwelapha nje akusho umboleke uqobo. Noma kunjalo, ubunjalo spasm kulezi iziyaluyalu yehluke: abavamile komzimba iqala esigabeni esinye ubuso noma umzimba futhi bangase bagcine uthuthe kwenye indawo, kuyilapho amajaqamba ALS, kusukela endaweni efanayo, ukumboza wonke umzimba ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
• Lapho izivakashi futhi ezingalapheki motor iziyaluyalu Kufinyeta okungalindelekile kwenzeka ezicutshini inyama ephilile. Lapho Lu Geriga sifo sibangelwa a spasm kwemisipha kancane kancane necrosis. Lo mehluko wenza ungazibonela ngawakho ku electromyography oveza Imiphumela evamile e elula umkhaza libonisa zokugula obukhulu yesifo sokuwohloka kwezinzwa nemisipha.

ukwelashwa

tics Ezivamile angadingi ukwelashwa okukhethekile, njengoba bebodwa futhi azisona isifo ezimele. Nokho, i-isiguli esingumuntu omdala kungase kudingeke ukwelashwa uma lesi sifo esiphazamisayo usebenze noma impilo evamile emphakathini.

Uma unesifo tic sezinzwa, benzeni ukuze ayibulale? Ukwelashwa ezivamile imikhaza zihlanganisa:

• izinhlelo zokunciphisa ukucindezeleka ezingokwengqondo, ukucindezeleka ukuqeqeshwa ukuphathwa;
• ukuvala abacaphuni abangobe;
• yokwelapha yokuziphatha;
• ethola izidakamizwa ukuthi uvimbele Dopamine;
• ukuthatha imithi welaphe imbangela impande zezifo, kuhlanganise hyperactivity, ukungakwazi ukugxilisa ingqondo kanye disorder esilawulayo-kuphoqeleke;
• imijovo Botox ukudala umphumela ukukhubazeka yesikhashana unyakazise imisipha yobuso.