-Sydney Opera House - uphawu lase-Australia

izwekazi okuhlaza nezwe odumile hhayi kuphela ngenxa kangaroo, koalas, elifudumele ocean surf nonkulunkulu bronzed. Kukhona izakhiwo esiyingqayizivele. Ngezinye Cape Bennelong, efana badayisa isikebhe eqanjiwe, imele mass ngokhonkolo namabhodlela. It is nayo yonke eyaziwa emhlabeni opera. ESydney, izivakashi eziningi kungabonwa nsuku zonke. Futhi ungaqiniseka ukuthi omunye uhhafu wabo ayebone isakhiwo esiyingqayizivele, kuyilapho ezinye ngokuqinisekile usivakashele esikhathini esizayo esiseduze.

isimangaliso entsha

Uma eMoscow abezinye izizwe babonakala kalula nge St Vasiliya Blazhennogo, Red Square, le Mausoleum, Opera House, i-bezitolo, ngokuqinisekile kuphakamisa emcabangweni yethu eSydney. Izithombe izinto kungabonwa iyiphi eziyisikhumbuzo esuka e-Australia. Esibheke itheku, mass ezimhlophe yaba enye yezindawo yobuciko bokwakha emhlabeni. Lesi sakhiwo abuzange Ingaphandle kuphela ahehe, kodwa umlando ukwazi.

-Sydney Opera House e izibalo

Ukwakhiwa ukuphakama - 67 amamitha. Ubude 185 metres, futhi ibanga endaweni okubanzi -. 120 m isisindo, ngokuvumelana izibalo onjiniyela, kuyinto 161 000 wamathani, futhi le ndawo 2.2 amahektha. On emthambekeni tile ophahleni mayelana 1 million. Ngaphezu amahholo amabili ngobukhulu, kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-900 amakamelo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo yaseshashalazini angazamukela-10 000 izibukeli. Ngonyaka endlini opera eSydney, wavakashela abantu 4 million.

Umlando omncane

Australia ayikaze maphakathi isiko zomculo. Ngu ekuqaleni kwekhulu lamashumi amabili ezwekazini eziqhutshwa iqembu elikhulu lomculo wezinsimbi, kodwa ekamelweni lakhe siqu, ayengazange. Kuphela uma umqondisi omkhulu wathola Yudzhin Gusens, sikhuluma ngokuzwakalayo. Nokho, impi futhi ngemva kwezikhathi zokulotshwa impi azange abe ekuqaleni amaphrojekthi ezinkulu. Kuze phakathi kwekhulu lamashumi amabili, ngo-1955, uhulumeni wakhipha imvume ukwakhiwa. Nokho, imali kusuka Ibhajethi azinakho esabiwe. Ukucinga zimali waqala ngo-1954 futhi akazange ayeke kulo lonke isakhiwo. Esikhathini mncintiswano for the best umsebenzi project ethulwa 233 umklami. Kakade kulesigaba, kwaba sobala lapho entsha umculo yaseshashalazini izokwakhiwa. ESydney, yebo.

Iningi izicelo amajaji sinqatshiwe, kodwa omunye amalungu ikhomishana - Eero Saarinen - ngenkuthalo wakhuthaza abanye inselele ezineshwa. Kwakubonakala ukuba ongowokuzalwa Denmark - Jorn Utzon. Ngesikhathi iphrojekthi wanikezwa iminyaka 4, isabelomali zaba $ 7 million. Naphezu amacebo ekupheleni-yalolucwaningo 60 Opera House eSydney, ngineminyaka engu kusakhiwa. Ukuhlela ukwakheka asolwa ukuthi lingatholi isabelomali futhi akakwazi ukuhumusha amacebo abe amaqiniso. Nge ngokulambisa ukwakhiwa kodwa kuqediwe. Futhi ngo-1973, koroleva Elizaveta II ukuwo kuvulwa yaseshashalazini. Kunalokho, kudingeka ukuze kwakhiwe iminyaka emine, iphrojekthi edingekayo 14, futhi esikhundleni isabelomali abayizigidi ezingu-7 - 102. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi laliyini, lesi sakhiwo kwakhelwe ukuhlala isikhathi eside. Ngisho nangemva kweminyaka engu-40 ukuvuselela kube namanje kungadingeki.

Isitayela yezakhiwo yaseshashalazini

Ngo ngemva kwempi e-izakhiwo wanqoba okuthiwa isitayela ngamazwe, amafomu ozithandayo zazo - grey amabhokisi ukhonkolo injongo luyingxenye utilitarian. Zabhekana ngele ndlela, kanye ne-Australia. -Sydney Opera House isibe ngaphandle bajabule. Kwaba in the 50s emhlabeni ukhathele monotony futhi waqala ukuthandwa isitayela esisha - expressionism kwesakhiwo. umsekeli wakhe omkhulu futhi kwaba Eero Saarinen, nokuyiyona Dane elaziwayo elincane iwine eSydney. Izithombe yamabhayisikobho zingatholakala kunoma iyiphi ebhukwinitifundvo ukubukeka kwesakhiwo. Lesi sakhiwo - isibonelo zakudala expressionism. Design ngokokuqala kwaba ezintsha, kodwa befuna amafomu fresh inkathi wawela i esikahle.

Ngokusho isicelo kahulumeni, egumbini kufanele aye afakwe amakamelo amabili. Omunye senzelwe opera, i-ballet futhi symphony amakhonsathi, kwesibili - I-chamber umculo ukusebenza okukhulu. -Sydney Opera House wezakhiwo yakhelwe empeleni zakhiwo ezimbili, kodwa hhayi inani elifanayo amakamelo. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi empeleni engalali izindonga. Ngesisekelo indawo eyodwa sebuningini ukwakhiwa ukufulela kokuba ukuma useyili. Basuke embozwe ezimhlophe amathayili esizihlanzayo. Phakathi nemikhosi ngesikhathi Opera vaults ezinkulu ukukhanya show.

Yini ngaphakathi?

Ngaphansi nemengamo ezimbili ezinkulu ahlelwe ekhonsathini futhi opera zone. Ziyakwazi wokuvelela kakhulu, amagama abo siqu. "Concert Hall" - kekulu khulu. It angazamukela izibukeli mayelana 2700. Eyesibili endaweni - "Opera Hall." It yenzelwe abantu 1547. It lihlotshiswe "Sun Curtain" - kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Kukhona pair kuye, "Ikhethini Moon", etholakala "Ehholo Drama". Njengoba leli gama lisikisela, uklanyelwe idrama imikhiqizo. Ehholo we "Playhouse" Ukuhlola aphethwe. Ngezinye izikhathi yena womfundisi. "Ihholo Studio" - entsha kubo bonke. Lapha ungakwazi ukujoyina art waseshashalazini yesimanje.

Ngo umhlobiso kwesihlahla ziye zasetshenziswa, ipulangwe negwadle pink eTurin. Abanye babutha izingcezwana eziyizinsalela we Interiors zivuse izinhlangano nge emphemeni omkhumbi, Ngokuqhubeka isihloko umkhumbi giant.

amaqiniso ezithakazelisayo

Abanye bathi kufanele zibe-Sydney Opera House - lena ngomkhumbi kumnandi, abanye babone uhlelo emigedeni, eyesithathu - igobolondo pearl. Ngokusho kwenye inguqulo, Utzon kuxoxwa wavuma ukuthi ukudalwa iphrojekthi waphefumulelwa ukususa ngokucophelela nge uqweqwe orange. Ukuhamba libhayisikili ukuthi Eero Saarinen wakhetha iphrojekthi, edle amanzi amponjwana. Ukhathele uchungechunge engapheli kwezicelo, usihlalo walo myalo Usanda ishidi okungahleliwe ukustaka ambalwa offset. Kubonakala sengathi le nganekwane uvele hhayi ngaphandle umona Utzon.

Uphahla lwangaphakathi Beautiful esiyingelezini sezulu aphula udluliseleke isakhiwo. Yiqiniso, lwalungamukelekile ngoba indlu opera. Ukuze kuxazululwe le nkinga, baye yakhelwe Uphahla lwangaphakathi Ingaphakathi abonisa umsindo ngokuvumelana nemithetho yokwakha yaseshashalazini.

Ngokudabukisayo, Utzon awuzange ezimiselwe ukubona indalo yakhe isiqedile. Ngemva ukususwa izakhiwo, washiya Australia, singalokothi buya lapha. Ngisho nangemva kokuba isethulo ngo-2003 izakhiwo ehlonishwayo Pritzker Prize, akafikanga eSydney ukubheka nkundla yakhiwa. Ngemva konyaka, ngemva inhlangano UNESCO esethole Opera House isimo World Heritage site, umakhi wafa.