Sore emphinjeni: izimbangela kanye pathogenesis

umphimbo obuhlungu, noma pharyngitis, eba ngenxa umthelela amagciwane ukutheleleka streptococcal. Ukuvuvukala abathintekayo le mucosa we pharynx, ulwanga elithambile, amalaka, kanye muscle lymph retropharyngeal ISIZINDA. ukuvuvukala Limited elithambile olwangeni kanye amalaka pharyngeal lymph indandatho ngokuthi angina.

Ngu ubunjalo kokunqotshwa umphimbo obuhlungu zihlukaniswa: catarrhal, croupous, idiphtheria, isilonda, phlegmonous. Ngu imvelaphi - kwi zamabanga aphansi naphezulu, futhi ukugeleza - oyingozi futhi ezingalapheki. Primary pharyngitis acute kwenzeka ikakhulukazi ngenxa subcooling Imininingwane umzimba noma wendawo imithelela ebandayo le mucosa we pharynx, ngokuvamile ekwindla kanye entwasahlobo, isb ngezikhathi nge iyehla iyenyuka esikhulu lokushisa emoyeni. umphimbo obuhlungu kungaphinde kwenzeke ngesikhathi lapho ephefumula amagesi anobuthi, amakhemikhali ezizihluphayo (acid, alkalis, aqueous isixazululo ammonia, formalin). Etiology ka pharyngitis buhlobene futhi izifo ezithathelwanayo kanye ezibangelwa amagciwane. ekuthuthukiseni umphimbo obuhlungu futhi inkinga izifo ezifana stomatitis, rhinitis, laryngitis, tracheitis.

Ukuxhumana phakathi pharyngitis zivuvukale nolwelwesi lwamafinyila kwekhala, umphimbo kanye kuqhoqhoqho iseduze ukuze, ezimweni eziningi, izinqubo ngokukhukhumala kwentamo koMqulu akukwazi isitho ngokuyinhloko ethintekile. Ngakho-ke, kulezi zimo anqunyelwe ekuxilongelweni "catarrh elingenhla ipheshana zokuphefumula." Pharyngitis njengoba isifo nosological sitholakale kuphela uma izimpawu zokwelapha ziyabonakala ngokuyinhloko emphinjeni.

pathogenesis

I pharynx itholakala zokwakheka eziningi kangaka-lymph. Amalaka (ekuqongeleleni lymphoid ku mucosa we pharynx) zidlala indima ebalulekile ekuvikeleni umzimba emagciwaneni. Amalaka pharyngeal indandatho "ukwazisa" esimiso somzimba sokuzivikela ezifweni ku ubunjalo antigen ukuthi udle ukudla, amanzi kanye nomoya. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi kwamangqamuzana antigen-uya-lymphocyte e effector emangqamuzaneni azo, okuyinto abangela izivikeli mzimba, ukuze isistimu pharyngeal lymph saba nendima eyinhloko pathogenesis yezifo ezithathelwanayo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi le mucosa we amalaka kanye lymph pharyngeal indandatho ine indentations eziningi (crypts) futhi emphethweni, aqukethe microflora saprophytic futhi pathogenic: streptococci futhi staphylococci, sartsiny, actinomycetes, Pasteurella, isikhunta, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, futhi nezinye amagciwane. Kodwa microflora kulezi zindawo akusho ukuzalela ngenxa ukuchayeka izici amaselula kanye humoral kwesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela ezifweni. Lokhu kugcina ibhalansi phakathi macro- futhi amagciwane. Nokho-ke, ukuncipha ukumelana jikelele umzimba futhi izindlela zokuzivikela we pharynx bedle izici etiological kudala izimo sokuthuthukiswa le microflora futhi kuthuthukise ukusebenza kwawo pathogenic. Nezilwanyana ezincane kanye metabolites yabo umzimba obungamcasula ulwelwesi lwamafinyila, zingene amygdala futhi kubangele ukushisa kuzo. Imikhiqizo ukuvuvukala ubuthi microbial angena igazi imbangela ukudakwa, lapho kukhona imfiva, eziwohlokayo isimo jikelele, kukhuphuke lesifunda zamanzi. amalaka Eshiswa awazange akhonze ngokugcwele umsebenzi zokuzivikela futhi kungenziwa elibiyelwe ukuze Ukungena microflora, elibangela ukuthuthukiswa sepsis emzimbeni.

Strep emphinjeni ezinganeni kuhambisana nomphimbo obuhlungu, komzimba, ukuvuvukala amalaka, izindlala zamanzi ukwanda nesisa. I Lesi sifo siphatha kakhulu kunezingane iminyaka 4-11 ubudala. Ukuze uqinisekise uphethwe kubalulekile ukuqhuba isifundo bacteriological.

Iziguli kwathiwa unesifo "ukuvuvukala umphimbo" impatho iqondiswa usebenzisa izidakamizwa elwa namagciwane, izindlela esigubuzele, opholile emphinjeni acasuke futhi mucosa avuvukele.