Sifunda izici zobuciko zama-epics aseRussia

Ama-epics abaluleke kakhulu kumlando. Uhlelo lwezikole ezincwadini lubeka ukutadisha kwalolu hlobo emakilasini angu-7. Isihloko sethu sizosiza abafundi bafunde izici zobuciko zezindaba zaseRussia eziqanjiwe. Kodwa ngaphambi kokutadisha lo mbuzo, kubalulekile ukucabangela incazelo yalolu hlobo, kanye namaqiniso amaningi athakazelisayo ahlobene nalo.

Igama elithi "epic" kanye nemvelaphi yalo

I-Bylina ingoma yama-epic, imicimbi kanye namaqhawe abo ahlabelelwa kuwo, kanye neziqephu eziningi ezivela emlandweni we-Ancient Rus. Ekuqaleni ama-epic awakhiwa ngesikhathi saseKivanvan ekuqaleni. Babonisa ukubuka komhlaba ngamaSlav aseMpumalanga. Ngenxa yezenzakalo zomlando zekhulu le-XI-XVI, izenzakalo zomlando zifakwe unomphela embukisweni womlomo womuntu. Ngakho-ke, ukuqala ukubhala isingeniso esihlokweni esithi "Izici zobuciko zengqikithi yaseRashiya" kuyadingeka ngencazelo yegama.

Abafundi kule nhlobo babone izithombe zamaqhawe anamandla neziqine, kanye nemisebenzi yabo emangalisayo. Ngenxa yezwi lobuciko ku-epic heroic, iqiniso kanye nezinganekwane eziyingqayizivele zihlanganisiwe. I-Bylin nezinganekwane zibumbene ngezithombe ezingcolile zezitha (izitha), ngokufanayo umfundi ubona i-metamorphoses (ukuphindukuzalwa) kwabantu abalingiswa, kanye nokuxhumana kwama-protagonists nezilwane. Noma kunjalo, izingxenye zezingoma eziyingqayizivele zingaphansi kombono womlando, kanye nokubonakaliswa kweqiniso. Zonke lezi zakhi yizici zobuciko zama-epic Russia.

Lapho ama-epic asemaphepheni

Abaningi bakholelwa ngephutha ukuthi lesi siqephu sasihlotshaniswa nezincwadi zesiRashiya, okuyingxenye lokhu kunjalo. Noma kunjalo, izifundo zezintandokazi (ubuciko bomlomo womlomo) zifunda i-epic . Lokhu kusho ukuthi badluliselwa ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane, amazwi omlomo. Emaphepheni awazange afakwe ngaphambi kwekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalolunye e-Karelia, ogwini lolwandle oluMhlophe, nasemadolobheni esifundazweni sase-Arkhangelsk. E-Siberia nase-Urals, ama-epics aqoshwa kusukela ekhulwini le-18. Ngalesi sikhathi, i-epicic heroic yayibhalwa ngokuphindaphindiwe esifundazweni saseMotherland (Voronezh, Moscow, Kaluga, Novgorod, Petersburg, Vladimir njalonjalo). Izici zobuciko ze-Epic yaseRussia zivame kakhulu. Ukwakhiwa komfundi wesikole kufanele kubonakale ngokugcwele ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngakho-ke, siphendukela ezigabeni zesakhiwo kanye nokuqukethwe kwe-epic.

Okuqukethwe nokuhlelwa

Ezifundweni zabo, izazi ze-philologists zibhalela ukuthi ama-bylinas ahlukene kakhulu kokuqukethwe. Namuhla, i-folklore iyazi ngezindaba eziyikhulu, futhi irekhodiwe ezingaphezu kuka-3000 izinguqulo nezinguqulo zemibhalo. Njengomthetho, izingoma eziqanjiwe zinomlingiswa we-novel or heroic. Inhloso yemibono ye-epicic heroic iphetha ngokukhazimulisa, ubumbano, kanye nokuzimela kwezwe laseRussia. Ama-epics avelisayo adumisa ukuthembeka kwabashade, ubungane bangempela, ukulahla izimfanelo ezimbi zomuntu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubuye kusebenze lapho abantu belahla khona ukungabi nabulungisa kwezenhlalakahle, okwakungukungaboni kahle kweziphathimandla. Umgomo wazo zonke izindaba eziqanjiwe ukuphakamisa imigomo yezenhlalakahle, kazwelonke, nezokuziphatha zabantu baseRashiya.

"I-Old Lady"

Mhlawumbe uzomangala, kodwa obaba bethu abazange basebenzise igama elithi "epic". Lolu hlobo lwababiza ngokuthi "oludala", "isikhathi se-olden". Kuleli gama kwacaca ukuthi le ngoma iphathelene nezenzakalo ezenzeka esikhathini esidlule. Engxenyeni yokuqala yekhulu le-XIX, uhlanga lwezwe, i-ethnographer, u-paleographer kanye nomvubukuli u-Ivan Petrovich Sakharov uhlongoze ukuba abize i-oldlin eyenziwe yi-bylinas. Lo mqondo awuthatha "I-Lay of Igor's Host".

Ama-Poetics, kanye nezici zobuciko zama-epics aseRussia (iBanga lesi-7, izincwadi zaseRussia)

Izwe lobuciko lama-epics lihluke kakhulu kwezinye izinhlobo kanye nokuphila okuvamile. Ulimi kanye nezinkondlo zihambisana nomsebenzi wesithombe esikhulu nesibalulekile. Umculi otshela lesi siqephu, ehlanganisa umphefumulo kanye nolwandle ngokuphephile, kanye nezindawo ezinkulu zeRussia. Ukukhishwa kwesenzo sensizwa, ukususa amandla, ukubonakala kweqhawe laseRussia, kanye nehhashi lakhe elithembekile, lithwala abalaleli kanye nabafundi ezweni elicabangekayo le-Age of Ancient Rus, elikhuphuka ngokuphakama ngaphezu kokujwayelekile nokuvamile.

Ukwakhiwa

Siyaqhubeka sicabangela izici zobungcweti ze-Russian name. Isisekelo esiyinhloko salolu hlobo sisekelwe ngokuyinhloko ekuchaseni, lapho i-protagonist iphikisana nesitha. Ngakho, isibonelo, u-Alyosha Popovich ulwa noTugarin, uDobrynya Nikitich ukhuluma ngokumelene noSerpent Gorynych. Kukhona ukukhohlisa okunye kokubunjwa - lokhu kuhamba kathathu. Lesi sici sikhona ezindabeni zezinganekwane, kodwa ngokungafani nabo, i-hero ye-epic yenza ngokuzimela. Uma izingane zesikole zidinga ukucacisa izici zobuciko zengqungquthela yaseRussia ekubunjweni (iklasi lesi-7 idinga lo msebenzi), bese ubhala ngakho.

Izihloko ze-epics zakhiwe ngokwendlela ye-classical scheme:

• Ukuqala,
• Umzila,
• Ukuthuthukiswa,
• Ukuqothulwa,
• I-Denouement.

Izindlela eziyinhloko zokudala izithombe

Futhi siyaqhubeka nokutadisha izici zobungcweti zesakhiwo seRashiya. Ukwakhiwa komfundi ngalesi sihloko kufanele kube nemasu ahlukahlukene asetshenziselwa ukwakha i-epic. Umqoqo wezinhlayiya AF Hilferding wazi ukuthi i-hyperbole (ukugqweba) njengesithombe sangempela ekuboniseni okuphezulu kwezimfanelo nezimfanelo. Ngokwesibonelo, ama-bogatyrs emkhosini wePrince Vladimir aphuza ingilazi yewayini, okwenziwe ngevolonti elikhulu! Le ndlela isetshenzisiwe ngabalandeli ukuze bahlele isithombe ses hero.

Kusho ukuveza okubuciko

Izici zobuciko zama-epics aseRussia nazo zifakwe emigwaqweni. Into ewukuthi abalandeli babamukela njengemicimbi yeqiniso neyomlando. Lesi sici sathonya izinkondlo ze-epic. Ngokumangazayo, azikho izifanekiselo eziqhingini! Kodwa zivame kakhulu ezinhlobonhlobo naseziqhathanisweni. Ngokuvamile amaqhawe ayefaniswa ne-falcon ecacile. Cishe njalo ku-epic, insimu ihlanzekile, umcibisholo ngu-kalen, i-bogatyr inamandla, futhi amandla esitha abolile.

Njengoba ubona, akunzima kakhulu ukutadisha izici zobuciko zama-epics aseRussia ebangeni lesi-7. Kubalulekile ukufunda imibhalo ngendlela efika ngesikhathi futhi eyaziwa.

Ungafunda umlando hhayi nje ngosizo lwencwadi, kepha nangezincwadi. Funda, wandise ama-horizons akho!