Reindeer emathafeni ase-: incazelo zinhlobo

Mhlawumbe abaningi bavumelana nalokho nathi ukuthi lena isilwane enhle kakhulu ukuthi uhlala eNyakatho. I expanses enkulukazi emathafeni, ehlathini ezweni lakithi, kanye enyakatho American izimpilo lokhu ngokubabazekayo handsome - reindeer.

ukubukeka

Lena isilwane esikhulu enomzimba onamandla futhi izinyawo eziningana imfushane kakhulu. Naphezu kwakho konke lokhu, kubukeka ngomusa kakhulu, ikakhulukazi lapho egijima. Of ubuhle ethile lalesi silwane unika izimpondo okunethezeka ukuthi babe abantu bazo zombili izinhlobo zobulili.

Kuyinto real isibhamu inyamazane - zisiza ukuba akwazi ukuxosha impisi nomunye amaduna engakwenqeni bazikala.

uvolo

Njengoba lokhu izilwane enyakatho, izinyamazane has a ijazi lasebusika kakhulu. Faka umbala wakhe ayilutho grey, awube mhlophe. Ngaphakathi nezinwele eziyize. Iqukethe emoyeni, okwenza lesi silwane aphinde abhukude abuyele kahle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le khava yoboya zivikela amakhaza. Lapho kuqala frost kule undercoat livela mnene, elithambile phansi, bese inyamazane asesabi frost abanolaka kakhulu.

Molt kanye ngonyaka, kodwa eside ngokwanele. undercoat Old iqala ukuna March, le olusha luvela ngoMeyi. inqubo Ikakhulukazi olunzulu senzeka ekupheleni June futhi zonke July. Kuze September kungenzeka izingcezu isambatho esidala.

izinselo aminyene futhi ububanzi uvumele inyamazane ukuhambisa ngisho snow ejulile kakhulu. bona raked ngamasondo akhe, ukuthola ukudla kwabo. Animal sihamba kalula ngisho nasemaxhaphozini.

Yini feeds reindeer?

Kule ndaba, abaningi uzokutshela akudlayo reindeer moss. Lokhu akunembile. Ngesisekelo amandla yayo moss, okuyinto ngokuyiphutha ngokuthi reindeer moss. Zisetshenziswa okuqinile ayegcwele ebusweni ungqimba lwenhlabathi emathafeni ase. Deer azizwa nephunga lakhe ngaphansi kwesigamu imitha kweqhwa. Nokho, lokhu ulele ukhula kancane kakhulu (mayelana 5 mm ngonyaka), ngakho umhlambi inyamazane kufanele enyuka ehlathini ziyofuna amadlelo angcono entsha.

Moss inomsoco kakhulu, imithi elwa namagciwane zemvelo likhona ngezithako zawo. Ukuqhubeka ingxoxo ngalokho feeds reindeer, kufanele uqaphele ukuthi moss akusho kuphela ukondla lezi zilwane. Summer inyamazane ngenjabulo ukukuxoxela amajikijolo, amakhambi, amakhowe, amaqabunga nezihlahla nemithi. Ababaningi bazi ukuthi reindeer, izithombe ongawabona kulesi sihloko, futhi kwezinye izimo, ingaba njengesihluthulelo nomzingeli odla izilwane ezincane, njenge lemmings.

Reindeer ngokuvamile ziklaba emadlelweni, kodwa ukungezwa ufulawa wokudla, notshani, nenhlanga, silage.

Indlela yokuphila reindeer

One by one, lezi zilwane ngeke kube khona. Reindeer e emathafeni bahlala yezinkomo, inombolo eyodwa kuya amashumi amaningana abantu. Le ndlela yokuphila ngenxa yokuthi ngesikhathi yokufuduka izilwane emhlambini ukuvikela kalula ngokwabo ezilwaneni ezidla ezinye izilwane. Life reindeer elihlobene ne kufuduka unomphela. Ngokwesibonelo, ngasekupheleni ekwindla imihlambi ngokuvamile abahlala emathafeni ase-, baya eningizimu, leli hlathi - ebusika kulezi zindawo lula ukuthola ukudla. Lezi zilwane ezinamandla ziyofuna ukudla onganqoba ibanga kuka-1000 km.

izitha inyamazane

Ngazo zonke izikhathi reindeer babe okulinga inyamazane ezidla ezinye ahlukahlukene. Ingozi main ngabo kukhona nezimpisi kanye wolverines. Isikhathi elihle kunawo ngabo - ngesikhathi ukuthuthelwa inyamazane. Phakathi nale nkathi, abantu ubudala futhi ebuthaka ngemuva umhlambi. Yilokho kuwo futhi wolverines nezimpisi ukuhlasela.

Asinakusho ukuthi abantu futhi izitha ezinyamazane zasendle. Ukuze ukubaluleka umuntu kukhona inyama, izikhumba nezimpondo kwezilwane. Naphezu kwakho konke lokhu, imiphakathi kwezinhlobo eziningi inyamazane ezigcinwe kahle. Kulezi zindawo lapho isilwane ivikelwe, awayona thewbele kuNkulunkulu, ngokuvamile uye ezinhlangothini komgwaqo.

Namuhla, enyakatho yeYurophu kukhona angaba yizinkulungwane 600 izinyamazane ezindaweni ezibandayo wezwe lakithi - ecishe ibe yizinkulungwane 800. Reindeer okuningi - ababalelwa ezigidini ezintathu zezinhlobo.

ukukhiqizwa kabusha

Ekwindla iza imihlambi yokukhwelana, okuyinto ephawuleka kwabesilisa njalo kanye izimpi enobudlova. Reindeer isithembu. Esikhathini "isithembu" ingenye owesilisa nabesifazane 15. Isikhathi sokukhulelwa - izinsuku 246. amathole Newborn sizalelwe noJuni. Ngokuvamile eyodwa ithole okuzelwe, it is ezingavamile kakhulu - amabili. Isisindo isihamu Isilinganiso 6.5 kg. Ngemva kwamasonto amabili, ingane ziqala ukumila izimpondo. kweminyaka emibili futhi ngezinye izikhathi ezintathu ngenxa ukuhamba umama inyamazane.

Kakade ngonyaka wokuphila wesibili, lapho ifinyelela ekuthombeni. Isilinganiso sesikhathi sokuphila sesilwane - iminyaka engu-20.

Ngo-December, ngemva kukhwelana, abesilisa elachithwa izimpondo zenyamazane yabo. Abesifazane ungashiyi nabo.

izinhlobo reindeer

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zama-kwalezi zilwane. Isigaba sokuqala - North American. Siqukethe zenyathi eziningana. Alaska, Greenland, Canada - insimu eyayihlala reindeer kwezinhlobo. Ezweni bebizwa caribou.

Isigaba sesibili siqukethe zenyathi abahlala Eurasia - ihlathi, isiFinnish, reindeer Arctic, Novaya Zemlya.

reindeer ezifuywayo

Lesi sigaba wesilwane ufanelwe ingxoxo ehlukile. Leli qembu kuhlanganisa zinhlobo ezintathu ezihlukene - Ngisho, Nenets, Evenk.

Nenets zohlobo - umphumela kweminyaka eminingi zizalela. Mhlawumbe unesithakazelo lapho reindeer lokhu zohlobo izimpilo? Izilwane ezifuywayo okusakazekile Urals. Breed zihlukaniswa onesiqu esifushane, kodwa izilwane ukukhuthazela Amazing. Umbala ikakhulukazi ensundu. Lezi izinyamazane asetshenziswa isihlibhi. Abesilisa besilinganiso nesisindo 140 kg, owesifazane - 100 kg.

reindeer Evenki phezu emathafeni ngokuvamile esetshenziswa ukuthutha izimpahla. Ngokuvamile, kuba izilwane ezokuthutha.

I Ngisho inyamazane - ongaphakeme, eziqinile ngakhoke kancane. Ngokuvamile, basuke ezifuywa ukukhiqiza ubisi nenyama.

kanjani reindeer

Muva nje, ukuphila kwabaningi kwaba kwakuxhomeke lalesi silwane, njengomuntu reindeer. Emathafeni ase-yokuba khona komuntu kungaba awunakuba khona ngaphandle kokuthethelela umsizi enjalo. Wildlife abantu eNorth ukuzingelwa inyama ngale ndlela. Kodwa kaningi ezifuywa reindeer. Ukuze abantu enyakatho lokhu isilwane jikelele. Esikhathini ukudla esetshenziswa inyama yakhe, izitho zangaphakathi. Abesifazane reindeer ubisi okunomsoco. Ezihlupha nekhava yaranga izikhumba zezilwane. Isikhumba izicathulo bese bethunga phezulu zasebusika.

Ngezikhumba izinyamazane, ababiziweyo isihamu, thunga ovaloli amasudi ngoba northerners abasha izigqoko abadala.

Kusukela izingcezu ezincane uvolo ekhiqizwa izinto eziyizikhumbuzo imihlobiso.

Kodwa kwesithathu, izinyamazane antler (owayevame ukubizwa ngokuthi ngikhefuzele) yiwona impahla eyigugu kakhulu. Benza ezihlukahlukene nezimpahla zasendlini. Kodwa ukubaluleka kwazo eyinhloko itholakala okwelapha. Kwaphela iminyaka engaphezu 3,000 neminyaka odokotela Oriental wasebenzisa akhiphe izimpondo zenyamazane ukwelapha abantu.

Akunjalo kudala, izazi zanamuhla abanesifiso umbuzo kungani inyamazane kuphela Ungasetha kabusha uphondo, futhi esikhundleni sabo ezintsha. Ngemva kokucwaninga, baphetha - e izimpondo zenyamazane Uthole isakhi sofuzo esiyimbangela yalesi ukuvuselelwa ithambo amaseli. Ngakho-ke kukhishwe kuzo noma powder steel esetshenziselwa ukwelapha izifo ezibucayi amathambo namalunga. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amalungiselelo esekelwe izimpondo zenyamazane --ejenti enamandla immunostimulatory. Bamiswa nokucindezeleka okusezingeni eliphezulu ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo.

Endulo njengoba cartage esetshenziswa reindeer. Emathafeni ase-, usetshenziswe ukuba isihlibhi, yathumba kalula umninikhaya endaweni efanele endleleni. Namuhla, ekuqhubekeleni phambili kwezindaba ubuchwepheshe, isidingo eye yanyamalala. Kodwa manje, reindeer, ogama izithombe ngokuvamile kuhlobisa yokukhangisa ephahlwe enyakatho izindawo, uhlanganyela imikhosi, ugibele izivakashi.

Ezindaweni ngetlhagwini yenarha yethu, ezimweni ezinzima zezulu abantu baye wakwazi ukwakha engavamile isilwane ukunakekela. Abantu obakhathalelayo inyamazane kuyinto ukuze bazivikele ezilwaneni zasendle ebusika, futhi kusuka izinambuzane ehlobo. Kufanele ukuthi nemisebenti lehlose lokhu, akuzona ngempumelelo njalo.

Naphezu zonke izinzuzo nempucuko, namuhla, a umelekeleli phezulu abanye abantu - reindeer. Umbala kunzima ukuphila ngaphandle le isilwane enhle namandla.