Amaqiniso ethakazelisayo: izihlahla lezihlahla

Zonke izihlahla ekhona futhi izihlahla kungenziwa ihlukaniswe lezihlahla kanye coniferous.

incazelo jikelele

Izitshalo ezingama Deciduous nezihlahla lezihlahla - kuvamise isitshalo namahlamvu ipuleti petiolate, okuyinto abe veining ecacile ramified. Leaf blades ngezinye izikhathi ingaba umthombo elula, Lobed noma toothed, okungenani - nzima.

Uma phambili ngezigaba jikelele, izihlahla lezihlahla kukhona umbuso izitshalo ahlukaniswe ephakeme izitshalo angiosperms ahlukaniswe (imbali). Lokhu sigaba zingafaka amayunithi mayelana 165, 11 000 ezizalwa, imikhaya 545, inkulungwane 260 zilwane.

izitshalo ezibunayo savela emhlabeni ngemva kweminyaka eminingi kwabhalwa ukuphumula - ngesikhathi Jurassic, futhi phakathi Cretaceous yasheshe embulungeni yonke. Sinenkosi isakhiwo esiphelele izicubu, izitho okuzala futhi vegetative, babe ezihlukahlukene impova (ephumelela kunazo zazo - ngosizo izinambuzane) kanye imbewu zisakaza. Manje izitshalo lezihlahla esesikhundleni evelele phakathi nezinye izinhlobo zezitshalo, ngoba phakathi kwezinye izinto, uyakwazi kahle nezimo ezishintshashintshayo kwemvelo.

Izici lezihlahla ihlathi

Kuqhathaniswa coniferous, ihlathi lezihlahla eba usabalala futhi isheshe. Lokhu ukhuni ungukukhanya futhi ivulekile, ngoba izihlahla lingandile kangako. Amacembe ezihlahla kanye nezihlahla band phakathi iwe ngokuphelele off kanye ngonyaka, ekupheleni kwekwindla, izitshalo qinani umswakama ngesikhathi abandayo ebusika. Entwasahlobo ka kwezinso kabusha sikhule amahlamvu eziningi fresh.

Izitshalo ezingama Deciduous izihlahla Russia ikakhulukazi emelelwa endaweni aseYurophu, futhi eSiberia obusa ihlathi lezihlahla.

Lezi zilwane eyinhloko lezihlahla

Izitshalo ezingama Deciduous nezihlahla zihlukaniswe izihlahla softwood (Alder, basswood birch kanye Poplar) kanye hardwoods (Maple, oki, umlotha). Zikhula cishe yimuphi amagumbi iplanethi. Iningi ngokuvamile e Ezindaweni zethu wokhuni oluqinile zingatholakala Linden, birch, yebo isihlekehleke somuthi, Poplar, willow, ziyadliwa, Alder, Maple, umlotha, Elm, apula, cherry, cherry.

Lezi nezihlahla vuma ngo ehlathini, ezindaweni ezisemadolobheni. Basuke ngokuphawulekayo ingashintshwa ukuze imvelo, kalula ukubekezelela ukufakelwa futhi sizijwayeze ezinhlotsheni ezihlukahlukene zenhlabathi. Izitshalo eziningi lezihlahla ukhule ngokushesha futhi baphile isikhathi eside.

Izitshalo ezingama Deciduous babe izinga ezahlukene ukukhula. Ngokwesibonelo, i-oki ithuthukisa umqhele yayo imitha elilodwa ngonyaka. Ngasekuqaleni kwehlobo lika-yokukhula kuyinto ngokushesha okuningi kunalokho ekugcineni.

amaqiniso ezithakazelisayo

Oak kufanele libhekisela izihlahla, eside waphila: isifinyelele Isilinganiso sobudala iminyaka engamakhulu amahlanu. Kusukela nezinye lezihlahla izihlahla, Alder nomlotha ukusinda okuyisilinganiso seminyaka engu ezingamakhulu amathathu, e-aspen - angaba yikhulu. Phakathi AmaConifers sonwele kuphela ingafaniswa kwesihlahla se-okhi wokuphila, ngamunye ezimpilweni inaliti isukela eminyakeni emihlanu kuya kweziyisikhombisa.

Umuthi endala eYurophu - Oak "indoda endala", okuyinto likhula e Lithuania: sekuyahwalala 2000 iminyaka. EPoland kunezinhlobo ezintathu "Oak zobungane", okuyinto iminyaka engu-900. Amagama abo Cech, Lech futhi Rus.

Okuvame kakhulu izihlahla lezihlahla eRussia - lena ephakathi kwe-oki kanye birch, futhi eNtshonalanga Yurophu - beech futhi hornbeam. Olwaba nzima ukhuni Russian - Schmidt birch, okuyinto likhula Pomerania nokhahlo. Kungaba futhi iyanqunywa ngembazo, noma ngezibhakela inhlamvu.

Ukusetshenziswa izitshalo lezihlahla

Lezi zilwane ebaluleke kunayo izihlahla lezihlahla Sekuyisikhathi eside kubhekwe oki, ipheya, beech, cherry, ziyadliwa ne-maple. Basuke kabanzi ukwakhiwa kanye izicelo ezimbonini.

Nokho izitshalo eziningi lezihlahla ziwusizo ngoba izithelo zawo ingasetshenziswa ukudla noma ngezinjongo zokwelapha. Ngaphezu ngokoqobo lezi nezihlahla kabanzi ngezinhloso zokuhlobisa kanye tebuciko - kusukela landscape design ukudala ezahlukene art izinto.

Special zokuhlobisa lezihlahla nezihlahla ziyaqhakaza ukunikeza ekushintsheni amahlamvu. Ukubukeka amahlamvu obucayi ukukhanya green entwasahlobo, uthuli ehlobo ezinohlaza, bese uguqula imibala ekwindla kube phuzi segolide noma ocebile ebomvu ezinemibala ukwakheka ushintsho zonyaka ebonakalayo futhi muhle kakhulu.