Post-yesimanjemanje in umdwebo. abameleli postmodernism

Post-yesimanjemanje in umdwebo - umkhuba yesimanje 'ubhedu kwezobuciko, esavela zenzeka ekhulwini lamashumi amabili futhi zithandwa kakhulu eYurophu nase Melika.

postmodernism

kakhulu Igama lesi sitayela ihumusha ngokuthi "ngemva yesimanjemanje". Kodwa ngeke kube zibonakala ngokucacile postmodernism. Kuyinto isiqondiso art hhayi kuphela - ukubonakaliswa bezibona wobuntu zezwe, isimo sengqondo. Postmodernism - indlela ukuveza imizwa yabo. Izici eziyinhloko lesi sitayela - kokuphikisa okwangempela, nokunqatshelwa izinkambiso, ukusetshenziswa amafomu preprinted, kanye indida.

Postmodernism sekukhona njengoba indlela yokumelana yesimanjemanje. Sokuthuthwa kwempahla lesi sitayela wafika engxenyeni kwekhulu lamashumi amabili wesibili. Ngokokuqala ngqá igama elithi "postmodernism" lalisetshenziswa 1917 esihlokweni ukuthi wagxeka imfundiso yokuziphendukela superman Nietzsche sika.

Umqondo postmodernism yilezi:

• Lona ngumphumela izinqubomgomo kanye imibono evamile neoconservative, izimpawu Eclecticism, fetishism.
• Umberto Eco (okuzokwenziwa ebhalwe ngezansi) kuchazwa lolu hlobo njengento esetshenziswayo esetshenziswa ukushintsha komunye inkathi enye indlela yokuphila namasiko.
• Postmodernism - indlela rethinking esidlule, ngoba ayikwazi ubhujiswe.
• Lena inkathi eyingqayizivele lapho isisekelo - ukuqonda okukhethekile zomhlaba.
• Leten H. futhi S. Sulaiman nomuzwa wokuthi postmodernism akakwazi ibhekwe lephelele mkhuba kwezobuciko.
• Kuyinto sikhathi, isici esiyinhloko okuyinto kwaba nenkolelo yokuthi ingqondo unamandla onke.

Postmodernism zobuciko

Ngokokuqala ngqá lesi sitayela kubonakala ngezindlela ezimbili yobuciko - post-yesimanjemanje in umdwebo bese izincwadi. Amacebo lokuqala lo mkhuba uvele noveli Germana Gasse "Steppenwolf". Le ncwadi - ibhodi for abamele nemikhutshana kuleso - Hippie. Esikhathini izincwadi, abamele kokuqondisa 'postmodernism ethi "laba babhali ezifana Umberto Eco, Tatyana Tolstaya, Horhe Borhes, uVictor Pelevin. Omunye isitayela amanoveli edume kunazo - ". Igama Rose" Umbhali waleli bhuku - Umberto Eco. In the movie, ubuciko ifilimu wokuqala kakhulu eyenziwe isitayela postmodern, kwaba isithombe "Freaks". Movie - horror. Omele bhá we postmodernism e ifilimu - Quentin Tarantino.

Lesi sitayela ayizami ukudala canons jikelele. Inani kuphela lapha - kuyinto nenkululeko umdali kanye nokuntuleka imikhawulo inkulumo. Isimiso eyinhloko postmodernism - "konke kuvunyelwe".

zobuciko

Post-yesimanjemanje in umdwebo kwekhulu lama-20 lamemezela umqondo zalo eziyisisekelo - phakathi ikhophi kanye yokuqala mehluko ethile. Lokhu abaculi eshukumisa postmodern ziye zabonisa ngempumelelo ukudwetshwa yakhe - ngokudala kubo, khona-ke ukuchaza kabusha, waliguqula lokho sesivele sidaliwe.

Post-yesimanjemanje in umdwebo sekukhona ngesisekelo yesimanjemanje, abake sinqatshiwe zabuna, yonke zezemfundo, kodwa ekugcineni wathuthela ku esigabeni yobuciko classical. Painting kufinyelela ileveli entsha. Ngenxa yalokho, kwaba khona ukubuya isikhathi ngaphambi yesimanjemanje.

Russia

Postmodernism in umdwebo Russian yayisibonakala eminyakeni 90 kwekhulu lamashumi amabili. Iningi ngokucacile bebheke ezobuciko sizivezile abaculi ezivela ethimbeni le okudala "Abangane":

• A. Amamenyu.
• Hyper-Pupper.
• M. Tkachev.
• Max-Maksyutina.
• A. Podobed.
• P. Veshchev.
• S. Nosov.
• D. Dudnik.
• Kuznetsov.
• M. Kotlin.

Iqembu okudala "yabo" - a umzimba owodwa, wabuthela zabaculi abacula umculo ocishe ahlukahlukene.

postmodernism Russian in umdwebo okuhambisana ngokugcwele Isimiso esiyisisekelo lo mkhuba.

Abaculi abasebenza lolu hlobo

Laba bameleli be-edume kunazo postmodernism in umdwebo:

• Yozef Boys.
• U-Ubaldo Bartolini.
• Komar.
• Francesco Clemente.
• A. Melamid.
• Nicola de Maria.
• M. Mertz.
• Sandro Chia.
• Omar Galliani.
• UCarlo Maria Mariani.
• Luigi Hontanaya.
• MIMO Paladino.

Yozef Boys

Lo mculi German owazalwa ngo-1921. Yozef Boys - nomele eliqhakazile wamanje "post-yesimanjemanje" kwezobuciko. Okupendiweyo art izinto umculi sifuna ukubeka wonke iminyuziyamu yobuciko yesimanje. Talent ngomdwebo sekukhona uJosefa njengoba ingane. Kusukela esemncane, wafundiswa imidwebo nomculo. Ngokuphindaphindiwe wahambela studio umdwebi sika Achilles Murtgata. Ngisho njengoba wesikole, J. Boyce funda a lot of izincwadi zesayensi yezinto eziphilayo, ubuciko, imithi wesayensi yempilo yezilwane. Kusukela ngo-1939, umdwebi esizayo kuhlanganiswe izifundo zakhe esikoleni ukusebenza esekisini, lapho anakekela izilwane. Ngo-1941, ngemva kokuthweswa iziqu, waya njengesisebenzi sokuzithandela ku Luftwaffe. Waqale wakhonza njengombonisi opharetha yomsakazo, wabe eseba umdubuli kambayimbayi ezingemuva kwi webhomu. Phakathi nempi, uJosefa wahosha eziningi futhi waqala ukucabanga ngokungathí sina ngokuthuthela umsebenzi umdwebi. Ngo-1947, uJ Boyce langena Academy of Arts, ngemva kwalokho wafundisa waba uprofesa. Ngo-1974, livula Mahhala University, lapho ongawenza ngendlela efanele lo cwaningo, wonke umuntu kungakhathaliseki ubudala ngaphandle emnyango izivivinyo. Umdwebo wakhe kwaba imidwebo emifanekiso futhi pin nomthofu nge isithombe zezilwane ezahlukene, izintaba edwaleni imidwebo. Waphinde waba umqophi wemifanekiso wasebenza isitayela expressionism, tombstones ngokwezifiso sculpted. Yozef Boys wafa ngo-1986 ku Dusseldorf.

Francesco Clemente

Enye owaziwa isitayela ummeleli womhlaba wonke "postmodernism" ubuciko - umculi Italy uFrancesco Clemente. Wazalwa ngo Naples ngo-1952. Lo mbukiso lokuqala umsebenzi wakhe owawuse eRoma ngo-1971, lapho eneminyaka engu-19 ubudala. Umdwebi uhambo okuningi, wavakashela e-Afghanistan, e-India. Umkayo wayesesibhedlela actress yaseshashalazini. Francesco Clemente walithanda India futhi kube njalo. Ubizwa ngakho abathandwa isiko leli lizwe, ukuthi ngisho wabambisana ne miniaturists Indian kanye amakhosi ukwenziwa iphepha - badweba e gouache ephepheni ngesandla. umculi Akwaziwa waletha imidwebo, lapho izithombe ezivusa inkanuko ngokuvamile efile izitho zomzimba wakhe zase ukuboniswa eziningi endalweni yakhe enziwa kubo ngendlela imibala ayegcwele kakhulu. Ngasekuqaleni kwawo-80-yalolucwaningo ka XX leminyaka, wabhala uchungechunge Eminye imidwebo kapende kawoyela. Eminyakeni 90 kwekhulu lamashumi amabili, yaqala ukusebenza kule indlela entsha - wax Umfanekiso. Ngu F. Clemente ezimpini inqwaba nemibukiso emazweni ahlukahlukene. I obugculisa kunabo imisebenzi yakhe mikhulu kangakanani labo yena lidlulisela isimo sakhe sengqondo, ukudabuka kwakhe ngokwengqondo, umcabango kanye nomdlandla. Omunye nemibukiso wakhe wokugcina senzeka ngo-2011. Francesco Clemente namanje uhlala futhi usebenza e-New York, kodwa yayivamile ukuhambahamba India.

Sandro Chia

Omunye umculi Italy ngubani postmodernism in umdwebo. Isithombe se-yemisebenzi Sandro Chia wabonisa kulesi sihloko.

Kodwa yena wayengekho kuphela komdwebi, wabuye umculi graphic umqophi. Lodumo weza kuye neminyaka engu-80 ngekhulu leminyaka lamashumi amabili. Sandro Chia wazalelwa e-Italy ngo-1946. Bafunde edolobheni lakubo, Florence. Ngemva kokutadisha uhambo, wayebheka indawo ekahle yokuhlala, ngenxa yokufunela kwayo ngo-1970, wahamba wayohlala iRoma, kwathi ngo-1980 bathuthela e-New York. Manje Kia S. uhlala e Miami, khona-ke eRoma. Imisebenzi yakhe waqala ukubonisa e-Italy nakwamanye amazwe - 70s. Ngo Sandro Chia ngolimi lwakhe kwezobuciko, okuyinto ugcwele indida. Ezinkondlweni zakhe, elikhanyayo elihlale imibala. Abaningi imidwebo yakhe zibonisa izibalo besilisa yohlobo nobuqhawe. Ngo-2005, uMongameli wase-Italy Sandro Chia ukhishwa indondo igolide ngegalelo lakhe amasiko zobuciko. Inani elikhulu of izithombe umculi kukhona eminyuziyamu eJalimane, eJapane, Switzerland, Israyeli, Italy nakwamanye amazwe.

Mimmo Paladino

Italian umculi-postmodernist. Wazalelwa ingxenye eseningizimu yezwe. Wathweswa iziqu College of Arts. Ukuvuselelwa ezobuciko 70s, yena wadlala indzima lesembili. Ngokuyinhloko ngasebenza inqubo tempera nemidwebo. Ngo-1980, e-Venice okokuqala imisebenzi yakhe ukuboniswa embukisweni, kuhlanganise imidwebo ngamanye abaculi postmodern. Phakathi kwabo kwakukhona amagama ezifana Sandro Chia, Nicola De Maria, Francesco Clemente nabanye. Ngemva konyaka, umnyuziyamu art e Basel lahlelwa embukisweni solo emidwebo Mimmo Paladino. Kwakukhona ubuntu eziningana kwamanye amadolobha Italy. Ngaphezu ukubhala imidwebo, umdwebi kwaba umbazi.

Umsebenzi wakhe wokuqala, wabaza ngo-1980. ukubaza lakhe ziye kwakuqala ukwanda cishe ngokushesha. Bakhandwa embukisweni naseParis e ohlonishwa kakhulu concert amahholo. Eminyakeni 90 Mimmo wadala umjikelezo wakhe 20 ukubaza ezimhlophe, wabulawelwa abezindaba okuxubile. Umdwebi wathola isihloko ilungu zokuhlonipha Royal Academy of Arts in London. M. Paladino futhi umsunguli kwenkundla ukuze yaseshashalazini eRoma futhi Argentina. Painting empilweni Mimmo wadlala indima ehamba phambili.