Polyhedra bokwakha. amafomu nezitayela Architectural

isikhala Urban - ezweni ukudla okuqinile weJiyomethri. Qalaza. Yonke indawo avuke nezibhebhe esinesithunzi. Ngezinye izikhathi phambi kwamehlo avele mbhoshongo enamandla. Lapha nalaphaya kubaneka mangaza ukudla okuqinile esimnandi kaPlato futhi Archimedean. isakhiwo Architectural e iningi - polyhedra, kanye inhlanganisela yabo elula eziyinkimbinkimbi. Futhi lokhu akuyona mkhuba besikhathi sethu. Ngakho kwaba kusukela kudala. I-geometry futhi isidingo somuntu sokuba induduzo, ubuhle kanye yokuzibeka balawule imithetho.

Jiyomethri e Architecture

Isayensi art weza kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo kuze kube manje usuku ngesandla. Jiyomethri kanye izakhiwo kanye umsuka, bethuthuka futhi ngcono: kusukela izakhiwo zokuhlala elula imithetho esingashiwongo ukuba eziklanywe ngokucophelela yobuciko kanye nemithetho ecacile. Amandla, muhle futhi ube nobunye lesi sakhiwo ngaso sonke isikhathi inqobo nje uma i-geometry. izakhiwo imithetho yayo lo muzi azihlanganisa izidingo kanye Imicabango yomuntu.

isakhiwo kukanxande ezinzile futhi enza izinto ezihlukahlukene, ngakho ezitaladini zingaphezu abanye. Pyramid kunabayeni nabo usizo, kodwa bheka esithé ukuphakama. Bona ukuthi kwakhiwa ezimweni ezehlukile. emizimbeni kaPlato futhi Archimedean, abantu baye baba lwenkomo olufakwe amanzi komkhuba amafomu yezakhiwo. Ukuklama zezakhiwo, uthatha uhlobo polyhedra - esikhatsini lesinyenti kuba, umsebenzi onzima. Kodwa art kubaluleke kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, abadwebi bamapulani baye benza imizamo emikhulu ukuze ubhekane naso. Ngenxa yalokho, ukudala yobuciko emhlabeni. Ngakho, Ake sihlole esimweni ngasinye ku isibonelo ehlukile.

nezibhebhe kwesokudla

Prism - the polyhedra ezivame kakhulu kuleli izakhiwo noma iliphi idolobha. Lokhu encane "Khrushchev," ephezulu liphumele izakhiwo, kanye namabhilidi omkhulu. Isibonelo esingokoqobo a nezibhebhe ngakwesokudla ingafaka waziwa ukuba lonke izwe umbhoshongo olunezinhlangothi Pirelli, elamiswa iMilan ngo-1960. Skyscraper kwahluka engakaze yenziwe ngalezo zikhathi ukuphakama - 127 metres. Futhi iqukethe 32 izibuya. giant Okuhlezi emqondweni singcono kakhulu ngisho Duomo, okuyinto amaHubo bugcizelelwa nesithombe Madonna, okwabangela isililo elikhulu emphakathini. Ngemva lesi sakhiwo wayengumJuda ngenhla ngilahlekile. Lungisani ukunganeliseki, eklanyelwe skyscraper PL Nervi noGeorge. Ponti kwadingeka ukuba uyibeke phezulu ophahleni ngendalo yakhe.

Umbhoshongo lakhiwa oda inkampani abadumile "Pirelli" oveza ezimoto, ngalona indawo nalapho ethola khona ifektri wokuqala wawakhiwe khona. Kuvele isakhiwo nenhle nge aluminium namabhodlela olungaphambili lwesonto waba uphawu lokuhlala ukuvuselelwa umnotho Italy ngemva kwempi futhi wathola isihloko skyscraper nenhle kakhulu emhlabeni.

nezibhebhe etshekile

Madrid kungenye into yezakhiwo engengaphansi emangalisayo. Tower "Gateway eYurophu" amaphrizimu ezimise bayichezukisa, bazungezé kuye izivakashi engengaphansi kwengu isakhiwo Pirelli. Namabhilidi 114 amamitha esitshekile komunye nomunye-engela 15 °.

Kuyinto lokhu izici ezakhiwo Abasikweleta igama labo. onjiniyela American futhi abaklami F. Johnson noGeorge. Burgi waphula ngemibono yefomu evamile zezakhiwo ephezulu liphumele nombhoshongo "Gateway eYurophu" waba luthi ukutsheka imidondoshiya lokuqala ukhonkolo emhlabeni futhi omunye ezikhangayo ethandwa kakhulu eMadrid.

mbhoshongo njalo

Buildings mncintiswano nezibhebhe ukwenza izinto yezakhiwo ngesimo imibhoshongo njalo Nokho, izilaleli zazingazi ngenani nokuduma. Uma sifuna ukwakha umakhi ekhululeka isakhiwo ngendlela, ke ngokuqinisekile ube wobuciko kweqiniso. Mhlawumbe yonke into e magic of the imibhoshongo baseGibhithe lasendulo, elamiswa ezingaphezu kuka 4 ayizinkulungwane. Eminyakeni eminingi edlule kuya emathuneni oFaro? Nokho, Kwazi bani, iyisibonelo esihle kakhulu sendlela lena "Isigodlo sika-Ukuthula Accord" e Astana, inhloko-dolobha Republic of Kazakhstan.

ekudalweni Architectural eyenziwe aluminium, steel namabhodlela wadala kumigomo "Golden Isigaba Fibonacci". It ifinyelela ukuphakama 61,8 amamitha kanye has ububanzi efanayo base. Isivivane liyaziwa zommbila yayo ukuthi musa Hambisa ngokuqondile, futhi ngokuphambeneyo kuya phezulu isakhiwo. Lesi sigodlo ukhonza njengephayona indawo yokuhlangana abaholi bezinkolo zezwe futhi kubhekwa uphawu ubungani phakathi izinkolo ezahlukene nezizwe. Kungase vakashela yimuphi umuntu: ukufunda isiko Kazakhstan nezwe wonkana.

mbhoshongo ufushanisiwe

isakhiwo Architectural kungathatha ifomu hhayi kuphela imibhoshongo njalo, kodwa ufushanisiwe. Buildings bheka ngenxa yayo sengathi cut eziqongweni okukhulu ngaphezulu. Ingabe ufushanisiwe mbhoshongo ka Kukulkan, yamisa amaNdiya amaMaya e edolobheni lasendulo Chichen Itza eMexico. Ngesikhathi ukuphakama ifinyelela 30 metres uphinde uthele kancane ububanzi esiphezulu - 55. It siqukethe 9 amabhlogo square, futhi ithempeli itholakala phezu kwalo. Ukuze-ke ezine isitebhisi: esisodwa ohlangothini ugongolo ngayinye. Phakathi entwasahlobo ekwindla ngesikhathi sokulingana kwemini nobusuku ngesikhathi mbhoshongo kuba nomphumela ongaqondakali ezibukwayo: nokwelukiweyo elangeni unkulunkulu Inyoka enezimpiko, behlonipha kabani lamiswao isivivane, umba ku izinyathelo zayo. Entwasahlobo, lapho aqala, futhi ekwindla - phansi.

polyhedrons okunjalo nesimo sesakhiwo esikhulu sikhathi samanje kubhekwe ezingavamile. Njengoba isibonelo, kwakhiwe Slovak Radio. Kuyinto mbhoshongo ufushanisiwe nabokhulumile. Isakhiwo ubukeka umbukwane, naphezu esigayegayeni kwangaphandle, izivakashi.

polyhedron ejwayelekile

ukudla okuqinile kaPlato noma polyhedra njalo bokwakha e injalo elicwengekileyo futhi zenzeka kakhulu akuvamile. Futhi lokho ngokuyisisekelo hexahedron. Ngokwesibonelo, e-China, ezakhiwe original eziyinkimbinkimbi Cube Tube, isici enkulu okuyinto esakhiweni samahhovisi e ukuma cube. Sako Architects Architects igcwaliswe olungaphambili lwesonto yayo kuyinto Kusaphazwa amabhokisi square ukuthi okufakwe lapha nge masimu. Ngenxa yalesi isakhiwo ibukeka emangalisayo futhi kubonakala awunzima neze.

Iphrojekthi yokuqala ehhotela entabeni cubic Cuboidal Intaba Hut ahlinzekwa iqembu Czech abaklami Atelier. hexahedron Huge ngokusho kwakhe iyokwakhiwa izinkuni, phezu ngamapulangwe aluminium. panel Solar ophahleni nezindonga, uhlelo wesitoreji imvula amanzi kanye ukuhlanzwa, kanye ugesi ugesi kuzokwenza ukuthi kungenzeka ukuba uphile kuwo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi izwe ngaphandle. Cube libukeka block giant ice eyayiwele emhlabeni isuka ezintabeni eziphakemeyo. Omunye vertex kuthambekele ekufezeni esibhakabhakeni, omunye kwabonakala sengathi gone ngaphansi eqhweni. Uma phrojekthi pretvoron empilweni, kuba umuzwa wangempela.

polyhedron semiregular

Ukudala ezinikelweko ngokusebenzisa umzimba buoyancy (noma polyhedra ngenye semiregular). Nesimo sesakhiwo esikhulu emadolobheni ahlukahlukene izakhiwo ezinjalo Uyi uzibuthe kwezivakashi. Nakani -National Library of Belarus. Yena basithole isimo sezakhiwo yasekuqaleni eziningi zomhlaba ngenxa ezakheke rombokubooktaedra. Lokhu umzimba Archimedean siqukethe 18 tikwele onxantathu eziyisishiyagalombili. Ngenxa umtapo ukuma okunjalo ngokuvamile kuqhathaniswa nge diamond noma idayimane. Lesi sakhiwo ikakhulukazi efana la maqiniso ayigugu uma zikhanyiswa ebusuku ukukhanyisa kuso. Le phrojekthi "Belarusian Diamond" yavela njengoba ekuseni njengoba 1980, ngisho won mncintiswano Zonke-Union. Kodwa ukuqaphela kwaba kuphela ekuqaleni ngekhulu xxi. Umtapo has 23 phansi futhi ifinyelela ukuphakama 75 metres. Ngaphezu omkhulu ncwadi Iqoqo Ukufundwa amakamelo, esakhiweni silingane platform wokubuka, alinikela umbono omangalisayo Minsk, igumbi izingane kanye yokudlela.

polyhedra non-convex

Kwasemadolobheni kudinga ushintsho njalo, ngakho ukusetshenziswa polyhedra e izakhiwo kuba muva nje uhlamvu kuyiwa. Ngiqinisile umcabango womuntu Alinamkhawulo. Architects izinto zephule umbono stereotypical wobuhle izakhiwo usebenzisa kumaphrojekthi wakhe manje geometry non-convex zomzimba. Konke amaphuzu amanga ezinhlangothini ezihlukene sobuso ngamunye, ukuvumela ukuba sifinyelele nomphumela ekhexisayo.

Isibonelo esingokoqobo kungaba Seattle Public Library. Ukuhlela ukwakheka R. Koolhaas wazama ukwenza isakhiwo Futuristic kakhulu. azilingani Broken amafomu yezakhiwo i izakhiwo nanye ngengilazi steel anezikhala akafani bonke abakhileyo kulo muzi, futhi abaningi bamane nje uyathukuthela. Umtapo ngisho wathola isidlaliso "omkhulu ukupholisa kushaft." Kodwa abalandeli kakhulu kuye. Izici nesimo sesakhiwo esikhulu isakhiwo bakhangwa isibalo okungakaze kubonwe izivakashi, nabantu abaningi beze ukubheka kusuka kwamanye amadolobha kanye namazwe.

Polyhedra yobuciko izitayela

izakhiwo ngamunye inezici yayo elikhanyayo. Futhi ukugcizelela polyhedra inzuzo. Massive mbhoshongo amandla angawodwa yaseGibithe lasendulo. Manje isakhiwo, esime a polyhedron, eyaziwa emhlabeni wonke, isikhalazo eqinile ngakho nesitayela. Ukuma iphrizimu, esesikhundleni namabhilidi, kuyisici sobuntu yesimanjemanje. Ihlanganisa imibono nemave nokusebenza. Qhathanisa Pirelli umbhoshongo e-Italy kanye MetLife Isakhiwo e Melika. polyhedra avamile futhi semiregular e izakhiwo ejwayelekile ka postmodernism, kunokusebenza izakhiwo abavamile ezisemadolobheni.

polyhedra Non-convex asetshenziswa deconstruction ukudala waphuka namafomu elimazayo, nokwenza dissonance sakuleli ordinariness zezakhiwo unxande. Abaklami onjiniyela ukubeka sibheke evamile phansi, ukushintsha izitayela. Kodwa isikhala yethu namanje uhlala egcwele izidumbu njalo nokuphila okuphakade weJiyomethri, kungaba iphiramidi noma nezibhebhe.