Sylvester Shchedrin, umculi Russian: Biography, lokusungula

Sylvester Shchedrin owayeshoshozela landscape Russian romantic. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ukuphila sakhe sifushane, washiya omningi kakhulu. umjikelezo Isenzakalo esidume kunazo zonke lomdwebi - "New eRoma. Castle St Angelo. " Ngenxa yalo msebenzi Shchedrin landscape eRussia ezingeni elisha bese siqala zicashunwe njengenhlangano uhlobo ezimele.

Youth eRussia

Nesithwathwa usuku ebusika i lwemindeni ngendlela yakudala ezihloniphekayo, wazalwa Sylvester Shchedrin. Biography of the lomculi ikakhulukazi ahlobene e-Italy, lapho edala imidwebo yakhe ephambili kunawo wonke. I-Russian wathatha kuphela umdwebi abasha. Naphezu ayichitha phesheya, umculi nginomuzwa unjengomuntu Russian futhi enesithakazelo empilweni isiphetho ezweni. Wazalwa ngo-February 1791 ozala Umphathi Academy of Arts, uTheodosius Fedorovich Shchedrin. Malume, uSemyon Fedorovich, waba uprofesa e-Academy kanye kwaholela ekilasini lakhe. Akubuzwa ukuthi nge enjalo izihlobo onamakhono isiphetho umfana kuzenzakalele.

Lapho ngineminyaka engu-9 Shchedrin ubudala waba umfundi we Academy. Lapho kufika isikhathi sokuba akhethe a lunye, wayezovuma ukuba ungenele isigaba bomfowabo kayise, okuyinto ngokukhethekile landscape isihawu. Kodwa uSemyon Fedorovich efa kungazelelwe, futhi le nsizwa ekhetha abeluleki UProfesa Mikhail Ivanov.

1808 waletha umfundi wokuqala, encane lendondo yesiliva zokuphetha kusuka ekuphileni. Ngonyaka olandelayo ngemphumela in umdwebo, yena waklonyeliswa ezincane zegolide kakade. A Shchedrin iziqu Academy ne umklomelo we indondo yegolide enkulu umdwebo "Buka kusukela Petrovsky Isiqhingi" e 1812. Lo mklomelo wanika iziqu ilungelo ukuhamba e-Italy ukuze bathole uhlobo ocebile futhi yobuciko yobuciko classical, okuthiwa "pensionerstva". Kodwa ngenxa yempi ne Napoleon uhambo uhlehlisiwe. Kuphela 1818, umdwebi ekugcineni wakwazi ukuhamba e-Italy. ERussia, yena ngeke abuyele.

Italy

Eminyakeni 27 Shchedrin uthola eRoma. Ekuqaleni, wahlala nembongi Konstantin Batiushkov. Ngemva abandayo zamandla Petersburg nemvula okuphakade libalele imvelo Italian zibonakala ipharadesi mculi. Isebenza kuphela kusuka ekuphileni, okuyinto ngaleso sikhathi kwakuyisinyathelo esidinga izinguquko. Umdwebi akusho nje ukubhala, ke uyawuthanda ukubukwa olunothile lezigodi oluhlaza nolwandle azure. Ugcina ekwazile adlulisa ngokuphelele imiphumela ukukhanyisa, umkhathi emoyeni. A real umculi we-Italian imvelo iba Sylvester Shchedrin. yobuciko ufuna ukuthenga hhayi kuphela isiRashiya, kodwa futhi wazibonela abathelisi wendawo.

Ngemva eRoma Shchedrin waya eNaples. Nokho, kukhona ekuthuthukiseni injabulo izinguquko kanye akuphephile ukuhlala. Painter futhi sazinza eRoma. Ngo-1823 yena wadala Umdwebo yakhe edume kunazo zonke - "New eRoma. Castle St Angelo. " Ngo okufanayo umnqamulajuqu ngonyaka e-Academy of Arts impesheni, kusho ukuthi sekuyisikhathi sokuba sibuyele ekhaya. Kodwa umsebenzi Shchedrin bajabulela impumelelo enjalo e-Italy, wanquma ukuhlala lapha. Nakulokhu futhi umculi wathutha eNaples. Edolobheni lapho wachitha ubusika, futhi izindawo ezifudumele ngokusebenzisa emadolobheni amancane asogwini, enza imidwebo imvelo.

Akwaziwa ukuthi Shchedrin kuhlelwe ukuphinde ngibuyele eRussia. Lubonakala kusukela ukuxhumana ukuthi isiphetho ezweni kanye nobuciko yasekhaya yavusa kuye kakhulu, nakuba engazange abe ushiye Italy ezisheshayo. Noma kunjalo, emuva kuye okwakungafanele abe kuyo. Umculi nezilima isifo esibi akusizi ukwelashwa ezibizayo ngesikhathi zokungcebeleka noma quack imithi. Silvestr Feodosievich Schedrin ushone eneminyaka engu-39 ngo-November 1830.

ekudalweni

Kumiswa kwezwe ngokwalo kanye imibhangqwana ikakhulukazi ezihambisana namagama eRussia futhi Shchedrina Ayvazovski. Ngaphambi lokhu okuyinhloko yesithombe bemvelo kwakubhekwa njengesenzo nenhle salon uhlobo futhi akazange abe nesisindo kangakanani. Oluthandwayo ngobude nezithombe imidwebo zomlando. Nature livele ikakhulu njengoba isizinda zibeke imodeli noma izimpi wezempi. Zothando landscape kwandulelwe isihawu, ngokuvamile esibonisa izinhlobo wokwelusa thulisa noma nostalgic izigodi izwe. Romanticism okomuntu nemvelo, manje iba protagonist esithombeni, umculi uveza imizwa. abaculi Izintandokazi kwendaba romantic - kolwandle nezintaba. Shchedrin waqala ngaphakathi classicism, kodwa ngokushesha lasuka kuye. izigodi zalo olunothile futhi libalele ukubukwa olwandle unyezi kukhona uhlobo romantic.

Abaningi umsebenzi umculi kanye ezingafakwanga eRussia, ukuthengisa eqoqweni Italian yangasese. Kuyaziwa futhi kunakwe akuwona wonke igalelo umdwebi. Petersburg Russian Museum ungabona "Buka Amalfi eduze Naples", "Buka eColiseum eRoma," "Impophoma at Tivoli, eduze eRoma." Esikhathini Tretyakov Igalari kukhona "Moonlit Ebusuku e Naples", "sivale indlela engena emgedeni Matromanio", "Harbor Omkhulu esiqhingini Capri," "Okuncane Isikhumulo semikhumbi e Sorrento." Abanye imisebenzi zigcinwa iminyuziyamu zesifunda, njengokuthi "Naples umbono Pozilippo yomgwaqo" noma "esibheke Groth iVesuvius".

Castle St Angelo

"Castel Sant'Angelo" (1823-1825) - indaba kunazo owaziwa Shchedrin. ngqó, impendulo ingu bekungelona ukucinga indikimba yendaba, kodwa umjikelezo imidwebo eziyisishiyagalombili ngaphansi kwesihloko esithi. Umsebenzi wokuqala kwaba yimpumelelo runaway kangangokuthi ngo ngokufunwa kakhulu Shchedrin wathatha ezinikezwa embalwa ngobuningi, obuhlukahlukene ukukhanya nesikhathi sosuku. Omunye imisebenzi uku Tretyakov Igalari.

On the ngendwangu umculi ayeveza Tiber yashayisa unqenqema eduze kwendlu lapho ayehlala yedwa. Isizinda banikezwe eRoma "ubudala". Lapha ungakwazi ukubona le nqaba futhi lombhishobhi, ulahleke ufasimbe air. Phambili kulesi sithombe kunesonto - omdadlana izindlu, quay nokudoba izikebhe. igunya Special unikeza izibalo edwetshwe abadobi abampofu. Ukudweba izimpilo futhi kuheleza. Shchedrin ugcizelela ukuqhathanisa: kuwebhu adjoin zikanokusho esidlule wamaRoma hhayi isicabha manje.

"Veranda, umvini ambozwe"

I motif emadokodweni oluhlaza kanye masimu wayengomunye walaba ozithandayo phakathi imisebenzi elivuthiwe Shchedrin. walibiza ngokuthi "Pergolata". Pergola Italian - kuvulandi noma indlela yokuhamba ngaphansi kophahla, embozwe imifino abacaphuni. Kulezi izithombe umculi bazama ukudluliswa ozwakalayo wokuthi ukukhanya nendawo, ekufezeni OKUKHUTHAZAYO sewebhu. Umdwebo edume kakhulu indaba - "Veranda, umvini ambozwe" (1828). Italian ntambama kushisa. Iqembu labantu wayeka ukuze uphumule cool kwala masimu. Asazi lokhu umndeni noma abangane ezikhululekile. Kuyacaca ukuthi bakhathele ekushiseni uyakhathaza. Abantu lapha akuzona nje okungeziwe, sibalo ngamunye ekhululekile futhi hhayi ngephutha. Ziyakwazi ngokuzwana nemvelo kanye nesiphila umphelelisi yayo, ngaphandle kwabo isithombe lizofuna sidle. isithunzi evundile kushintshana izikwele ilanga yegolide, ngemuva kuyinto nolwandle oluluhlaza. Ukubheka isithombe, umbukeli ingena kuleli hlobo hot Italian.

"Naples ngu Moonlight"

Enkathini yokugcina yokuphila Sylvester Shchedrin baba seascape abathakazelayo ukukhanyisa okukhulu. Wabhala eziningi ebusuku izigcawu, esibonisa kolwandle, akhazinyuliswe unyezi okuphazamisayo. Omunye wabo itholakala Petersburg, kuyinto "Naples ngu Moonlight" (1829). Isithombe kungenziwa yizinqamu ezintathu. Kwesokudla ulwandle emnyama Silhouettes ezikebheni. Kwesobunxele wokwakha leli dolobha lalilihle futhi Kudokhu isikebhe lapho abadobi botha umlilo. isithombe ezihlalweni zobukhosi bethwele nemiqhele isibhakabhaka romantic, liguqubele, lapho igebe emafwini peeping ukukhanya ebusuku. On lo mculi ngendwangu ukuzixazulula umsebenzi eziyinkimbinkimbi ukuhlanganisa ngendlela kuqamba unyezi abandayo futhi efudumele ilangabi elivuthayo umlilo. Abacwaningi bakwa-Shchedrin bathi umsebenzi wakhe kamuva kakhulu eliphansi kuya landscape ngaphambili libalele ngokuvumelana nobuqotho.