Pisateli- "abantu bendawo": Fodor Aleksandrovich abramov, Vasiliy Ivanovich Belov, Ivan Ivanovich Akulov. temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba emzaneni

Village temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba - omunye izitayela izincwadi Russian kwekhulu elidlule. It wazalelwa in the 50s. Imisebenzi abameleli lo mkhuba eminyakeni engaphezu kweyishumi ukutadisha zesikole ku izifundo izincwadi Russian. Abaningi izindaba nasezincwadini ziye sababhali "abantu bendawo" okudalwe kokubili Cinematographers amaSoviet nasemakamu aseRussia. Ukudala abamele bhá nephrozi emzaneni - esihlokweni.

temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba ikakhulu eziqondene nezindawo zasemakhaya

Valentin Ovechkin - wabalobi bezincwadi eziqanjiwe kuqala futhi sigubha emakhasini imisebenzi yabo yokuphila asemaqaqasini Russian. kakhulu kwencazelo temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba yasemakhaya waba etemibhalo ngokushesha. Ubulunga be abalobi, okuyinto namuhla asebebizwa ngokuthi pisatelyami- "dolobhana", ukuze indlela ethile kule temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba isikhathi eside kwaba ungaqiniseki. Nokho, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi leli gama liye zathola ilungelo lokuzikhethela khona. Kwasekusithi emva ukushicilelwa indaba uSolzhenitsyn sika "Matryona". Ngaphansi temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba yasemakhaya ukuqonda nje imisebenzi steel anikezelwe bakule ndawo, kodwa futhi iqoqo izici kwezobuciko nesitayela. Yiziphi?

Pisateli- "abantu bendawo" ngemisebenzi yakhe kwaphakamisa izimpikiswano ngemvelo, kulondolozwe amasiko Russian kazwelonke. Laba balobi wakhuluma ngomlando, amasiko izici zokuziphatha emphilweni abakhileyo izifundazwe. Omunye abameleli bhá nephrozi emzaneni - F. abramov.

Ngo, imisebenzi yakhe encane kakhulu, wakwazi ukubonisa isizukulwane esimazinyo amalungu zaziwa, ikakhulukazi zabhekana nemiphumela izenzakalo ezingokomlando-yalolucwaningo 20 ekhulwini elidlule leminyaka, ubunzima ngemva kwempi. Kodwa on the umsebenzi omlobi uzobe kafushane kuchaziwe ngezansi. Ngaphambi kuwufanele ecaphuna uhlu abalobi "bakule ndawo".

Abamele temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba emzaneni

Ngesikhathi impande ukunyakaza etemibhalo kwaba F. abramov. Ngo par omlobi futhi abeke Belov futhi Valentin Rasputin. Zenzele temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba indaba ephathwayo Russian emzaneni kwakungenakwenzeka ngaphandle ngisho nokuphathwa kwegama labo imisebenzi efana "Inkosi-inhlanzi" Astafieva, "Amanzi Wabaphilayo" Krupina futhi, yebo, "Matryona" uSolzhenitsyn. Isandla esibalulekile ekuthuthukiseni temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba yasemakhaya wenza Vasily Shukshin. Bright ukunambitheka angadle ngabuhle obutheni elikhona emakhasini amabhuku Vasily Belov. Uhlu abalobi abaye banikezela imisebenzi yabo kuze mores namasiko emzaneni isiRashiya, sihlanganisa N. Cochin, IA Akulov, BA Mozhaev, S. Zalygin.

isithakazelo Pisatelyam- ku "dolobhana" kwaphawuleka kule-yalolucwaningo 80. Nokho, lapho kuwa iSoviet Union kwaduma nezinye izinhlobo. Namuhla incwadi Vasily Belov, Fedor abramov, Valentin Rasputin, izindaba Aleksandra Solzhenitsyna wathola ithuba lokuphila okusha. Basuke njalo kabusha kubo ukudubula sici amafilimu (ifilimu "Live Khumbula" 2008, "Matryona" 2013).

abramov

Omunye abameleli edume kunazo nephrozi emzaneni wazalwa ngo Arkhangelsk esifundeni, kodwa ingxenye enkulu yokuphila kwakhe e-Leningrad. Abramov bavuma ngokuzithandela ukwenza phambi ngo-1941, wabhekana impi. Kwaba ngemva kokuqedwa kwalo ungase uthole imfundo ephakeme e-Faculty of Russian kolimi.

Abramov ngokuthi idolobhana inzalamizi temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba for ukuhlolisisa ngawo wazama siqonde umnyombo yenhlekelele abantukazana, izici zenhlalo kwalesi sigodi. Izicelo Eziya Kuziphathimandla isihloko abramov wagqoka zilingana nezinhlobo izibalo esibaluleke kunazo zonke izincwadi yaseSoviet yokuthuthela sixties kanye yoma.

Kungani abantu abaningi kangaka bexoshwa in the 50s ikhaya lakhe bese uya edolobheni? Lo mbuzo abramov, kanye Shukshin futhi Rasputin uzama ukuphendula ngemisebenzi yakhe, kudala babe zabuna nephrozi Russian. Kulokhu, isiphetho iqhawe, ngubani ahamba, njalo ezibuhlungu. Abramova isitayela njengoba isitayela ezincwadini zabanye abalobi bakule ndawo, hhayi eyinqaba asinazo izithombe elibi. Umsebenzi eziphawuleka kakhulu umsebenzi omlobi - noveli "Abafowenu Nodadewenu."

Vasily Belov

Lokhu umbhali - ongowokuzalwa emzaneni Timonikha Vologda esifundeni. Mayelana ubunzima bokuphila yasemakhaya Belov wayaziwa mathupha. Ubaba wakhe washona ngesikhathi seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili, unina, kanye nezigidi abesifazane Soviet, waphoqeleka ukuba ukhulise izingane zibe abantu bebodwa. Yabo eseneminyaka emihlanu. Kwelinye imisebenzi yakhe, "iminyaka Ngishoné," umbhali watshela ngokuphila okuthile okulimazayo ezihlotsheni zawo - bakule ndawo.

Belov iminyaka eminingi e Vologda, eduze lakubo elincane, eyayikhanga impahla ngobuciko etemibhalo. umbhali Lodumo ilethe indaba "Into evamile." Futhi lo msebenzi kuvikelwe kuye isihloko omunye abameleli temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba emzaneni. Esikhathini izindaba nasezincwadini ziye belova icebo kungekho okungazelelwe esonta, lapho izenzakalo ezimbalwa futhi cishe akukho usongo. Belova inzuzo - ikhono sisebenzise lomdabu, ukudala izithombe ngokucace ka bakule ndawo.

Valentin Rasputin

Umlobi owaziwa owake wathi inkulumo kwalesi sigodi, ukucula ke ngemisebenzi yakhe - umsebenzi waso. Yena, njengezinye abalobi, okukhulunywe ngayo kulesi sihloko, wakhulela e-sigodi. Wathweswa iziqu khono zomlando-philological. Ukushicilelwa indaba "The Edge of esibhakabhakeni eduze" okokuqala izincwadi waqala. Udumo baletha "Imali Maria."

Esikhathini yoma incwadi Rasputina uValentina Grigorevicha lavuselelwa eside phakathi nezazi Soviet. Imisebenzi edume kakhulu - "Farewell komama," "Live Khumbula". Kuyinto ba abaye baba ezinye zezindawo ezingcono kakhulu temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba Umlobi abalobi wesimanje Russian.

Okunye izincwadi Rasputina uValentina Grigorevicha - iqoqo, okubandakanya indaba "Umnqamulajuqu", "Ndodakazi ka-Ivan, umama ka-Ivan", "Umlilo" futhi izindaba "Kostrovo amadolobha entsha", "eSiberia, eSiberia." Washo ngaphezu kwesikhathi esisodwa abenzi mafilimu waphendukela umsebenzi omlobi. Ngaphezu "Live futhi Khumbula" kufanele okuthiwa nezinye amafilimu senziwa imisebenzi Rasputin. Okungukuthi: "Vasily futhi Vasilisa", "Umhlangano", "Imali Maria", "Rudolph".

Sergei Zalygin

Abameleli temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba emzaneni ngokuvamile isikhundla lo mbhali. Zalygin Sergey Pavlovich iminyaka abaningana ababekhonza njengababonisi e- "Nguqulo Yezwe Elisha" umhleli. Siyabonga kuye, ngisho nabanye abalobi ngasekupheleni '80s ukuze uqhube ukushicilelwa imisebenzi uSolzhenitsyn sika. Njengoba for kudalwe Zalygin, wadala izindaba ezifana "Os'kin argish", "On the Mainland," "indiza Morning", "Abantu Abavamile."

Ivan Akulov

"Kasyan Ostudny" kanye "inhlanzi Tsar" - indaba, kufakwe uhlu imisebenzi ebaluleke kakhulu temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba emzaneni. umbhali wabo - Akulov Ivan Ivanovich - wazalelwa emkhayeni ompofu. Edolobhaneni umbhali esizayo wayephila ngokuvumelana nakho iminyaka eyisishiyagalolunye. Ngemva umkhaya wathuthela emzini Sverdlovsk. Ivan Akulov kwaba impi, uphumile ngo-1946 ne elisezingeni likakaputeni. indlela Creative kwaqala in the 50s. Kodwa, Isimanga siwukuthi, waqala ukubhala hhayi mayelana nempi. Ezinkondlweni zakhe tetemibhalo ukuthi ukusungulwa izithombe, wakhumbula esengumntwana, - izithombe bakule ndawo abavamile abaye eningi ubunzima, kodwa awalulahlanga amandla lwawo nokholo.

Vasily Shukshin

Kufanele futhi sikhulume ngalokho umlobi eyaziwa ngokuthi hhayi kuphela kummeleli temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba emzaneni, kodwa futhi umqondisi, screenwriter, has a talent ezingavamile yasekuqaleni. Vasily Shukshin wazalwa Altai esifundeni. encane lenkaba sihloko esasilaliswe kulo ebomvu emsebenzini wakhe. Amaqhawe izincwadi zakhe ziyaphikisana futhi ngeke kukhonjwe noma abalingiswa negative noma positive. Izithombe Shukshina siphile, yangempela. Ngemva kwempi, umbhali esizayo futhi umqondisi, kanye intsha eningi sathuthela edolobheni elikhulu. Kodwa isithombe kwalesi sigodi wahlala abasenkumbulweni yakhe, futhi kamuva weza ukukhanyisa imisebenzi enjalo nephrozi iDemo ngokuthi "usike", "Inhliziyo Lomama", "Kalina Krasnaya".

"Matryona"

USolzhenitsyn ngeke kukhonjwe nalabo abamele temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba emzaneni. Noma kunjalo, indaba "Matryona" - omunye wemisebenzi engcono ebonisa ukuphila kulelo dolobhana. Heroine kwendaba - owesifazane elingenalo ukuhaha, umona, ulaka. Izingxenye yakhe yokuphila - uthando, ububele, umsebenzi. Futhi lokhu uhlamvu - hhayi umlobi wezinganekwane. Nge-prototype Matryona uSolzhenitsyn wahlangana edolobhaneni Miltsevo. Heroine kwendaba uSolzhenitsyn - isakhamuzi ukubhala nokufunda, kodwa yena idonsela ukunakekela komfundi, njengalokho eshilo Twardowski, abekho ngaphansi kuka-Anna Karenina.