Ien Makyuen: lokusungula, biography. Le noveli "Lokubuyisana"

Ien Makyuen - omunye abameleli eqanjiwe wesimanje British. Ukuze inoveli yakhe "Amsterdam", lo mbhali wanikezwa ohlonishwa Booker Prize. Nokho, phakathi imisebenzi wabhala Ien Makyuen, "Lokubuyisana," usesikhundleni esikhethekile. Lokhu inoveli akuyona ihluke kwezinye isitayela nokuqukethwe kuphela, kodwa futhi sithinta izinkinga ezijulile ezingokwengqondo. Esiqintini le ncwadi ikhuluma ngokwenzeka omkhulu ubude besikhathi. Futhi nakuba ngoba ukudalwa kwemisebenzi Ien Makyuen awuzange ukhishwa yimuphi umklomelo tetemibhalo, ithole ithandwa enkulu phakathi abafundi futhi yathathwa.

Biography nombhali

Ien Makyuen - indodana isiphathimandla Scottish, wazalwa ngo-1948. Eminyakeni yokuqala umbhali ezihlobene nohambo njalo. Wazalwa ngendlela Emakamu empi nondescript, wachitha iminyaka eminingi e-East Asia, eNyakatho ye-Afrika, kulandele eJalimane. Umlobi esizayo kwaba nambili lapho abazali bakhe ekugcineni zijwayeza eNgilandi.

Ngo-1971, Ien Makyuen wathola iziqu zeMasters. Isithakazelo temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba English American wesimanje, kodwa wabonakala kuqala emuva impela. I-University of sise-East Anglia McEwan baba omunye wabafundi ambalwa inkambo lokubhala yokudala, okuyinto ukufunda zabuna esivelele XX leminyaka M. Bradbury E. Wilson.

Ngemva kweminyaka emine degree yenkosi Ien Makyuen eshicilelwe iqoqo yakhe yokuqala. Kuyo, phakathi kwezinye izinto, kwaba indaba ebhaliwe eminyakeni yakhe umfundi. Le misebenzi ngiyikhiphile umbhali abasha senanelwa baxgeki nabalobi.

"Phakathi kuka-amashidi ababeke"

emva impumelelo kuqala emkhakheni etemibhalo njengoba McEwan eminyakeni engaphansi kwemibili ephethwe ukushicilela incwadi yesibili izindaba short. Kodwa emva kokushicilelwa "amashidi Inter ababeke" - okungukuthi okubizwa ngokuthi incwadi entsha by umbhali waseBrithani - eshicilelwe inoveli yakhe, okuyinto emenza ehlazweni. Umlobi asolwa ngokwakha ukusebenzisa umqondo womunye. Abagxeki bathi ukufana ne umsebenzi imisebenzi McEwan Julian Gloaga. Nokho, a baxgeki ukugxekana umbhali kuhlulekile ukusebenzisa umsebenzi womunye umuntu creative ezingeni olusemthethweni.

Ngo-1980, yasihlephula scandal entsha emibuthanweni British etemibhalo. isikhungo yayo futhi kwaba Ien Makyuen

amabhuku

Isizathu sokuba izihloko eziningi ezibucayi nabanolaka sikhathi kwaba play "Stereometry". Lo msebenzi okukhulu McEwan wafingqa umlando wokuphila womuntu, siyazise iminyaka eminingi iduna isitho sobulili. Futhi ukuze silondoloze esitho unqanyulwe ifomu efanele, hero of the play wamfaka isixazululo ekhethekile amakhemikhali. Central isiteshi sethelevishini British wenqaba okuzobe kudlalelwa imisebenzi ihlazo. Nokho, ukuthandwa umbhali, leli qiniso akanayo nomthelela ongemuhle.

Sekuphele iminyaka eyishumi, McEwan wabhala ikakhulu amaskripthi ifilimu nethelevishini. Kwakunesidingo futhi eqanjiwe. Phakathi imisebenzi adalwe umbhali Eighties, kukhona lokhu okulandelayo:

• "Lunch olimayo";
• "Mbumbulu";
• "The Last Day of Summer";
• "I Comfort Lezihambi."

"On ogwini"

Incwadi (Ien Makyuen uye enikelwe nezindaba sakhe sezenhlalo lamanje) okulotshwe isitayela esiyingqayizivele. Esikhathini inoveli ezingu ezingadingekile ezivame iqondiswa abalobi ukudala nezizinda. Isenzo lumayelana izinhlamvu ezimbili.

"On ogwini" - inoveli ngendatjana zabantu ezimbili abakuphila kwabo ezibhujisiwe. Nokho, lokhu kubhujiswa kungabonakali, futhi njengomuntu injabulo engokomfanekiso. Kuphela ukuphakama eminyakeni edlule, umuntu ozuza kuba nelikhono lekuhlola izenzo zabo, baqonde iphutha, okuyinto wayeqondiswa ezenzweni zayo iminyaka eminingi.

Irreversibility isikhathi - omunye izindikimba main kule amanoveli McEwan. Ngemva kokufunda esinye imisebenzi kamuva lokhu umbhali, umfundi Useqala ukucabanga ukuthi into eyinhloko ekuphileni, futhi yini yesibili. "On ogwini" kule noveli ilahlekelwa injabulo yakhe kuphela ngaphansi kwethonya ubandlululo ukuthi uhambe endleleni, eminyakeni eminingi kamuva. Futhi-ke ngeshwa, ukubone sekwephuzile lokho.

Ngekhulu xxi umbhali eyathinteka epics eziyinkimbinkimbi. Lapho kunyatheliswa umqulu owodwa amanoveli akhe ajulile kakhulu kwaqala inkathi entsha ngendlela umbhali yakhe ka Ien Makyuen.

"Lokubuyisana"

Le ncwadi ishicilelwe ngonyaka ka-2001. Izinkinga eziningana ezibalulekile abalobi yesimanje uncamela uthole round, enovelini "Lokubuyisana" yethulwa ngo nombono omusha engavamile. Lokhu ngokungaqondi phakathi izizukulwane, futhi imiphumela emibi yempi, izinkinga eziningi zomphakathi ajwayelekile kunoma imuphi umphakathi. Kodwa isihloko encwadini McEwan - retribution. Inani elikhokhiwe iphutha ukuthi ayengase alahlekelwe ukuphila kwabo, futhi okungase Sebenzisa akusoze kwaphumelela.

Ezweni etemibhalo McEwan kuyinto master wavuma nephrozi isihawu. Booker Prize yena yanikezelwa kanye kuphela. Nokho, kunezinye, nakuba kancane ophambili umklomelo embhalweni wakhe. Inoveli by umbhali waseBrithani ilethe ngokuphindaphindiwe abenzi mafilimu. ezimbalwa amafilimu Kuye kwenziwa imisebenzi yakhe. Isithombe esibizwa ngokuthi "Lokubuyisana", ngokungafani kuya umthombo le ngcaphuno, lithole imiklomelo eminingi. Emcimbini waminyaka yonke "Oscar" noveli ngu Iena Makyuena yethulwa ezigabeni eziyisikhombisa.