Iyunithi Thermal. akhawunti Node of energy ezishisayo. AmaSu amayunithi ezishisayo

Heat node limelela iqoqo amathuluzi kanye namadivayisi okuyinto afeze ezimali amandla lemali (mass) we Isibandisi, kanye ukubhaliswa nokulawula imingcele yayo. ukubhaliswa Node yakhelwe njengoba iqoqo amamojuli (izakhi) exhunywe ohlelweni iphayiphi.

aphoyintimenti

Eyayihlelwe ukushisa amandla metering iyunithi ngezinhloso ezilandelayo:

• Ukulawula ukusetshenziswa okunengqondo kokupholisayo nokushisa.
• Ukulawula izimo ezishisayo futhi wokubacindezela ukushisa nokufudumala ompompi.
• Nokubhalisa ukushisa nemingcele: ingcindezi, izinga lokushisa futhi umthamo (isisindo).
• Ukuqala kokusetshenziswa nemizana zezimali mutual phakathi umthengi kanye nenhlangano abathintekayo supply of energy ezishisayo.

Izakhi eziyinhloko

iyunithi Thermal siqukethe iqoqo amadivayisi kanye namadivayisi metering aphoqelela yomibili yomsindo kanye nemisebenzi kanyekanye eziningana: isitoreji, ukunqwabelana, nesilinganiso, ukubonisa ulwazi mayelana mass (umthamo), imali energy ezishisayo, ingcindezi, izinga lokushisa kwe-uketshezi afundwa, futhi ukusebenza isikhathi .

Ngokuvamile, idivayisi metering uba imitha ukushisa, okubandakanya thermocouple, ukumelana, imitha ukushisa kanye eyinhloko ukugeleza transducer. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imitha ukushisa kungenziwa ifakwe ukuhlunga futhi ingcindezi transducers (kuncike eyinhloko imodeli idivayisi). transducers eyinhloko kanye nesilinganiso embodiments ezilandelayo ingasetshenziswa imitha ukushisa: vortex, ultrasonic, kagesi, futhi tachometer.

idivayisi metering esiteshini

Siqukethe ukushisa amandla metering iyunithi izinto ezilandelayo eziyisisekelo:

• Misa valve.
• Imitha ukushisa.
• Thermometer.
• Sump.
• Flowmeter.
• Izinga lokushisa inzwa ukubuya umugqa.
• imishini engeziwe.

imitha ukushisa

Heat - iyona element eyinhloko okuyinto ukuba ukushisa engeyokuqala. It isethwe ku uvo ukushisa ku Ukushisa uhlelo eduze iphuzu umngcele Ukushisa inethiwekhi.

Uma ufaka kude metering lokhu umngcele, Ukushisa amanethiwekhi ngaphezu ukufundwa of the counter ungeze ukulahlekelwa (balandise ukushisa ezikhishwe ebusweni amapayipi endaweni kusukela emngceleni kuya imitha ukushisa ibhalansi ngokwahlukana).

umsebenzi imitha amandla

Idivayisi anoma yiluphi uhlobo kufanele enze imisebenzi elandelayo:

1. nesilinganiso okuzenzakalelayo:

• Isikhathi umsebenzi endaweni iphutha.
• Ukusebenza isikhathi lapho amandla.
• Overpressure uketshezi afundwa uhlelo ipayipi.
• lokushisa yamanzi ashisayo piping izinhlelo, amanzi amakhaza nokufudumala.
• Ukugeleza kokupholisayo ku piping amanzi ashisayo futhi bafudumale.

2. wokubalisisa:

• Zigcwele inani ukushisa.
• umthamo amanzi ageleza ngokusebenzisa amapayipi.
• Thermal amandla ukusetshenziswa.
• Izinga lokushisa umehluko uketshezi afundwa kakhulu ukunikezela ukubuya ipayipi (piping ngamanzi abandayo).

Amaphayiphu futhi sump

amadivaysi Ukukhiya anqunywe ekhaya bafudumale system kusukela Ukushisa inethiwekhi. ngaleyo ndlela Sump ivikela izakhi imitha ukushisa kanye inethiwekhi ezishisayo kadoti elikhona kokupholisayo.

thermometer

Le divayisi efakwe emva sump valve emkhonweni egcwele uwoyela. Isikhwama noma ukuxhumana yangaphakathi kuvikelwe ukuba iphayiphi, noma ashiselwe kuso.

flowmeter

Imitha ukugeleza ukufakwa Ukushisa iyunithi wenza ageleze transducer umsebenzi. Le ndawo nesilinganiso (ngaphambi nangemva imitha) Kunconywa ukufaka valve akhethekile, lapho uzobe isevisi futhi ukulungisa umsebenzi lula.

Wabhalisa supply umugqa, Isibandisi ithunyelwa imitha, bese uya bafudumale system yendlu. Okulandelayo, uketshezi selehlile ebuyiselwa ohlangothini reverse ngokusebenzisa amapayipi.

Izinga lokushisa inzwa

Le divayisi ukufakwa emgqeni ukubuya, ndawonye nabantu valve tetinkhombamagama imitha. Leli lungiselelo kwenza kube nokwenzeka hhayi kuphela ukukala izinga lokushisa kwe-uketshezi afundwa, kodwa futhi ukusetshenziswa yayo input bese okukhipha.

Flow lokushisa izinzwa uxhumeke kwi-amamitha ukushisa, okukuvumela ukubala idliwe ukushisa, isitoreji kanye yomlando kwedatha, ukuqopha imingcele, kanye ukubonisa yabo ezibukwayo.

Ngokuvamile, imitha ukushisa itholakala Ekhabetheni eliseceleni ukufinyelela khulula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iKhabhinethi ingafakwa izakhi ezengeziwe: i uninterruptible ugesi noma imodemu. amadivaysi engeziwe Ungasingatha futhi ulawule nedatha ethunyelwayo ezimali iyunithi ukude.

Main wesifunda Ukushisa izinhlelo

Ngakho, ngaphambi kokuba sicabangele icebo amayunithi ezishisayo, kubalulekile ukuba sicabangele yiziphi wesifunda bafudumale izinhlelo. Phakathi ethandwa kakhulu kubhekwa elingenhla wiring isakhiwo lapho kokupholisayo odabula imbobo main futhi luqondiswe ku iphayiphi wiring engenhla. Ezimweni eziningi, sephayiphu edlulisa amanzi asegunjini elisophahleni, lapho kukhona ekhelini layo risers yesibili bese basakaza phezu izakhi bafudumale. Umbonisi efanayo ezifanele ukusetshenziswa ku indaba eyodwa-izakhiwo ukuze wonge isikhala.

Futhi wesifunda Ukushisa kukhona izinhlelo nge wiring aphansi. Kulokhu, iyunithi ezishisayo itholakala emagcekeni engaphansi kuyiphi akube kusakhulunywa iphayiphi main ngamanzi afudumele. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi hlobo wesifunda elisophahleni isakhiwo Kunconywa ukuba ngaphezulu futhi ethangini ukunwetshwa.

AmaSu amayunithi ezishisayo

Uma sikhuluma ukushisa amaphuzu izikimu, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi ezivamile lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo:

• iyunithi Thermal - wesifunda parallel uxhumano owodwa esigabeni amanzi ashisayo. Leli cebo yisona esikhulunywa abantu abaningi futhi elula. Kulokhu, amanzi ashisayo ixhunyiwe parallel kunethiwekhi efanayo njengoba isakhiwo sika Ukushisa uhlelo. I kokupholisayo yanikezwa heater kusukela inethiwekhi yangaphandle, ke selehlile ketshezi notshwala oda reverse ngqo ukudluliswa ukushisa. I ethile eyinhloko yalolu hlelo, uma iqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo, ukusetshenziswa eliphezulu amanzi amapayipi, esetshenziselwa lenhlangano yamanzi ashisayo.

• Isikimu iphuzu ezishisayo ngokuqondene serial ezimbili isigaba amanzi ashisayo. Leli cebo zingahlukaniswa izigaba ezimbili. Isigaba sokuqala unesibopho emgqeni ukubuya kohlelo bafudumale, kwesibili - I-komsele okuphakelayo. Izinzuzo eyinhloko amayunithi ezishisayo exhunywe ngaphansi kohlelo ukungabi naye obukhetheke amanzi emapayipini, okuyinto kwehlisa ukusetshenziswa kwalo. Njengoba for nemiphumela ethile engathandeki - isidingo ukufaka othomathikhi indawo elawula uhlelo lokulungiselela nokulungisa nokusabalalisa ukushisa. Lokhu uxhumano Kunconywa esimweni esiphezulu ukushisa ukugeleza ubuhlobo for Ukushisa namanzi ashisayo ukuthengisela, ungaphakathi uhla kusuka 0.2 kuya 1.

• iyunithi Thermal - wesifunda ezimbili esiteji nge okuxubile hot amanzi heater uxhumano. Lona enemisebenzi kakhulu futhi nezimo lapho bakha imizila edingekayo yokwenza yakho idayagramu. Ingasetshenziselwa hhayi kuphela evamile isheduli lokushisa, kodwa futhi ngcono. Isici esiyinhloko kuba Kuhle kokusho iphuzu lokuthi uxhumano ukushisa supply line is hhayi kwenziwe ngokulinganisa kanye chungechunge. Isimiso obengeziwe isakhiwo iyafana yesibili isikimu sikagesi. ISIZINDA Thermal zixhunywe isikimu lwesithathu, zidinga ukusetshenziswa eyengeziwe yamanzi inethiwekhi kungxenye preheater.

Indlela ukufaka metering esiteshini

Ngaphambi kokufaka ukushisa metering iyunithi, kubalulekile ukuqhuba ucwaningo sikhungo futhi ukuthuthukisa imibhalo project. Ochwepheshe abenza ukuklama uhlelo Ukushisa, ukhiqiza zonke izibalo ezidingekayo, Ukukhetha kwenziwa of Instrumentation, nokokusebenza imitha ukushisa.

Ukulandela ukuthuthukiswa imibhalo project, kumele uthole imvume inhlangano, okuyinto waziphatha supply energy ezishisayo. Lokhu kuyadingeka imithetho samanje ezimali izindinganiso ukushisa amandla kanye nomklamo.

Kuphela ngemva kwesivumelwano, ungafaka ngokuphepha ukushisa metering amayunithi. Ukufakwa siqukethe amadivaysi uthayi-ukuvala, modules ku ahamba umsebenzi kagesi. Umsebenzi ku-izinzwa kagesi uxhumano Evaluator kuphelile, ukugeleza amamitha abese egijima wokubala accounting ukushisa amandla.

Ngemva kwalokho, idivayisi ukulungiswa of energy ezishisayo, esakhiwa ngo kokuhlola ukusebenza uhlelo kanye izinhlelo wokubala, bese wenza into ukulethwa sivumelwano ku-Accounting kwezohwebo, okuyinto eyenziwa umsebenzi okhethekile lapho sibhekene inkampani ukushisa supply. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi onjalo ezimali iyunithi kufanele usebenze isikhathi esithile ukuthi ezinhlanganweni ezehlukene kuhluka amahora 72 izinsuku ezingu-7.

Ukuze sihlanganise amaningi metering amayunithi ibe beluthumela kunethiwekhi eyodwa, kudingeka uhlele ukususwa lokuqapha eyihlane kanye ne-accounting ulwazi nge ukushisa amamitha.

Ukuvunyelwa

Lapho yokwamukelwa ukushisa iyenziwa node umsebenzi ofanayo isitshalo metering inombolo idivayisi ukuthi is ebalulwe isitifiketi futhi yayo nesilinganiso ibanga imitha isethi nemingcele amandla ukufundwa ububanzi kulinganiswa, futhi khona lwezimpawu nekhwalithi obandayo.

Ukusebenza Ukushisa iyunithi kungavunyelwe ezimweni ezilandelayo:

• Ukuba khona ozimele ku amapayipi, letingabalwa ngoba imibhalo project.
• Of metering amadivayisi ngaphandle namazinga ukunemba.
• Ukuba khona umonakalo mechanical kuya kudivayisi kanye nezakhi zalo.
• Ukwephulwa lwezimpawu kudivayisi.
• ukuphazamiseka okungagunyaziwe nge Ukushisa iyunithi.