Philosophy Kant sika

U-Immanuel Kant kuyinto umsunguli ukukhohliseka German classical. Le filosofi omkhulu onguprofesa e-University of eKönigsberg.

nefilosofi Kant zingahlukaniswa zibe nezikhathi ezimbili:

• isikhathi subcritical;
• ngesikhathi esibucayi.

Phakathi nenkathi zangaphambi ezibucayi wefilosofi Kant ibibhekiswe ezinkingeni nesayensi. Phakathi ezibucayi Kant waqala ukutadisha inkinga kwengqondo, ukuziphatha izindlela, izindlela cognition, imingcele yayo. Futhi, yena waba nesithakazelo imibuzo logic, izimiso zokuziphatha, ifilosofi nomphakathi.

Ifilosofi ezibucayi of Kant isikhathi elihlobene ne imisebenzi ezintathu ezinkulu. Lona "Critique Okucabanga Okumsulwa," "Critique we nokucabanga ngokufanele" futhi "Critique Lokwahlulela".

Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, esikhathini subcritical Kant wayenesithakazelo izinkinga bemvelo, isayensi. Okubalulekile kuye futhi abangu kokuba nezinkinga. Empeleni, zonke ezintsha of Kant wayekhuthele ngowokuqala ukubhekana nazo zonke lezi zinkinga ngokugcizelela okukhulu ekuthuthukiseni le nkinga.

nefilosofi Kant sika igcinwa ngokokuqala iziphetho wamavukelambuso. Wathi wonke yomkhathi wethu iphuma ifu elikhulu kokuqala, eyayihlanganisa izinhlayiya kwaphela. Wagomela ukuthi imvelo has umlando walo ngesikhathi, nokuthi lenesicalo kanye nesiphetho. Kucatshangwa ngakho konke lokhu imvelo njalo elokhu ivela nokushintsha. It sishintsha konke ukuphila, futhi ngenxa yalokho, umuntu ngokwakhe. Le ndoda ngasonqenqemeni - kungcono yalokho zemvelo kwemvelo.

nefilosofi Kant sika has a isinyathelo imibono enkulu isikhathi, lokhu kubonakala eqinisweni lokuthi lithi imithetho mechanical babe impande yabo imbangela hhayi ifakwe kule ndaba. Kubalulekile ukusho kuwo lapha ukuthi imbangela wayekholelwa Nkulunkulu.

Abantu besikhathi Kant sika babekholelwa kuvulwa ukubaluleka okulingana ukuvulwa, okuyinto ngesikhathi esisodwa benza uCopernicus.

Kant nefilosofi ngesikhathi esibucayi ngokuqondile okuhlobene nezinkinga yolwazi.

Esikhathini "Critique Okucabanga Okumsulwa," isazi sefilosofi uvikela umqondo ka umbono wokuthi uNkulunkulu akaziwa - ifakazela ukuthi ngokoqobo akunakwenzeka ukwazi. Ufaka phambili umqondo wokuthi umhlaba ayikwazi eyaziwa kwasekuqaleni, hhayi ngoba kushintsha njalo, futhi kungenxa yokuthi umqondo womuntu ibuthakathaka futhi umane ayikwazi ukwenza. amakhono lolwazi yingqondo yomuntu ibuthakathaka. obabazekayo nefilosofi liyasiqinisekisa Kant sika ukuthi uhambe ngalé nobukhulu bayo, kanti nengqondo yomuntu ngokushesha sinqwamana nabantu abaningi ukuphikisana. mibono Kant ezilenyawo ezine. Wabiza antinomy yabo. I antinomy lokuqala kakhulu ngqo okuhlobene isikhala limited, yesibili ibizwa ngokuthi elula eziyinkimbinkimbi, eyesithathu - inkululeko futhi causality, owesine - Ngiyaqinisa phambi kukaNkulunkulu.

Isizathu kusivumela ukufakazela kanye kokubili okuphambene-sentimentalizing. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ukucabanga, futhi kwangqingetshe. Kant wagomela ngokuthi ukuba khona antimony kuqinisekisa ukulinganiselwa engqondweni yethu namakhono umuntu.

Kulesi umsebenzi Kant libabiza ulwazi uqobo ngenxa ngokuphelele yimuphi umsebenzi engqondweni yethu, kanye avelele imiqondo agcwele ulwazi. Ziyakwazi:

• ulwazi posteriori;
• ulwazi priori:
• "Izinto ngokwabo."

Esimweni sokuqala sikhuluma yokufuna ulwazi, okwesibili - woqobo. "Into ngokwako" - ingenye imiqondo esemqoka lonke ifilosofi Kant. Kuyaqondakala ukuthi umnyombo kwangaphakathi okungakusiza abuqonde ingqondo yomuntu.

Ikakhulukazi esiphawulekayo ifilosofi sokuziphatha of Kant. Isazi sefilosofi ebuzwa lo mbuzo olandelayo:

• lokho kufanele kube nokuziphatha kweqiniso;
• Iyiphi indlela abantu abaziphatha ngayo zokuziphatha.

Ngemva ukuhlaziya, kwenza iziphetho ezilandelayo:

• nokuziphatha okumsulwa - ukwazi enobuhle yomphakathi, okuyinto ziqondakala ngabanye njengendlela impahla ahlukene;
• nokuziphatha okumsulwa kanye empilweni yangempela ezingqubuzana njalo;
• zokuziphatha akuxhomekile yizimo zangaphandle.