Panel indlu: ngokucophelela ngobuhle nangobubi bawo, izinhlobo, izici kanye nokubuyekeza. Brick-panel indlu: ngokucophelela ngobuhle nangobubi bawo wokwakha eziphilayo

ukwakhiwa Ezezindlu namuhla inikeza ezihlukahlukene ubuchwepheshe kanye namasu.

Okunhlobonhlobo iphaneli izakhiwo

Panel ezindlini, izinzuzo nezingozi iluphi okuzoxoxwa ngalo kulesi sihloko kungabesifazane izakhiwo esakhiwe phezu Precast ukwakhiwa ubuchwepheshe. Le nqubo ihilela ukusetshenziswa pre-ezakhiwe enezisekelo zikakhonkolo, okuyinto akhiqizwa efektri. ukwakhiwa Panel kuvamile kakhulu ukwakhiwa zokuphatha kanye izakhiwo ezinkulu zokuhlala. Imizi enjalo kungaba uhlaka futhi frameless. Uhlobo lokuqala kufanele kufake ukwakha ngohlaka-panel, kanti eyesibili - esikhulu-panel.

izici ezinhle

Panel izindlu, ngokucophelela ngobuhle nangobubi bawo ukuthi kudingeka ucabangele ngaphambi kokukhetha lobu buchwepheshe umsebenzi, kunezinzuzo eziningi. Phakathi izici omuhle main bungabonakala eziphansi. Zokuhlala, okuyinto zitholakala izakhiwo prefabricated, kubhekwe isigaba izindlu umnotho.

Phakathi kwezinye izinto, kufanele kuphawulwe indawo yabo elula. Uma sikhuluma zezakhiwo ezindala zalolu hlobo, basuke ikakhulu etholakala ezindaweni okuhlalwa kuzo, lapho sakhiwonchanti ngokwanele athuthukile. Nokho, ise ngumgogodla ezikhungweni zomsebenzi emadolobheni amakhulu oyakhayo, ngakho ukuthola efulethini efanayo, uba umnikazi wendlu etholakala endaweni yodumo. Uma unquma ukuba ukhethe indawo endlini iphaneli, elakhiwa ngo ezinsukwini zeSoviet Union, singaqiniseka ukuthi izindlu iyoba namafasitela ezinhlangothini ezihlukene zomhlaba, okwakubekelwa kunakwe ezikhathini zangaphambili. Namuhla, ngokuvamile indiva ekwakhiweni kwezindlu yesimanje.

Amazwana mayelana nemvelo

Panel izindlu, izinzuzo nezingozi ukuzicabangela kusengaphambili, akhethwa abathengi kaningi ngenxa nobungane kwemvelo. Banikezwe yamanje kakhulu omuhle imvelo imvelo, ukusetshenziswa kwezinto eziphinde zisebenziseke ayinangozi enqubeni ukwakhiwa kubaluleke kakhulu.

izici ezingezinhle

Uma ucabangela Khrushchev abangamaHimba, iphaneli izindlu, kufanele kuphawulwe isakhiwo ngempela esingesihle. It kusikisela ukuba khona emakhishini ezincane kakhulu. Kungenxa yalesi sizathu ukuthi izakhamizi lezi zokuhlala ngokuvamile eyenziwa kwengxenye. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ekwandiseni ekhishini, Izindonga zangaphakathi acekela. Namuhla, manipulations ezinjalo azivunyelwe. Uqaqe izakhiwo obusekelayo obubonisa ukuba uhlobo amakhabethe esakhelwe noma izindonga kungaba, kodwa wonke umsebenzi kungaba kwenziwe kuphela emva kokuthola imvume. Uma ukuqhuba umsebenzi onjalo ngaphandle kwemvume, kungase kubangele nangemiphumela eyinhlekelele ahlukumeza isakhiwo wokwakha kokubhujiswa kwalo okunye. izindlu Panel, izinzuzo nezingozi zazo ezichazwe kulesi sihloko, zinezikhathi ukushisa abampofu futhi ukwahlukanisa umsindo. Cishe bonke abanikazi ezindlini kulezi izakhiwo isencane kufanele ukubhekana nale nkinga, okuyinto sivezwe kula yokuthi, ngokuba ngaphakathi, ungezwa konke okwenzekayo amazwe angomakhelwane, egcekeni.

avuzayo uphahla

Panel izindlu, ngokucophelela ngobuhle nangobubi bawo, okuyinto izibuyekezo kumele kuhlolwe ngaphambi ukuthenga, ngokuvamile libhekene futhi avuzayo uphahla. Lokhu kungenxa yokungabikho ukungabi khona elisophahleni lwendlu. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, lezi zakhiwo acishe never udoti noma ikheshi. Nokho, iphaneli lwamanje kuhilela kokulungisa lezi amaphutha.

Izibuyekezo ezingezinhle

Uma ucabangela lezi zindlu iphaneli, izinzuzo nezingozi lokuphila kwabo, kufanele ahlolwe. Lokhu kuzokwenza ababonakala ngazo labo abasenkolweni kusikisela bathuthukise isimo sabo izindlu esikhathini esizayo esiseduze. Abanikazi lezi zokuhlala, abahlala ezindaweni ukugadlwa ukuzamazama komhlaba enobungozi, wazi ukuthi ukuqhuma nokuzamazama komhlaba kungaba ingxenye noma ngokuphelele ababhubhise laba izakhiwo.

Ngokutadisha ukubuyekezwa, singabona isikhathi zikakhonkolo ubamba imisindo kuhle ezimbi, yingakho, lapho omakhelwane abasebenza a jackhammer noma sokuprakthiza, kungenziwa imisindo bekuzwa ngokucacile okushoyo, kanye izingxoxo siguqulelwa ukunkenketha.

Ingasaphathwa emalungeni inter-panel, okuyinto, ngokusho abanikazi lezi zokuhlala, ukuphakamisa isidingo kophawu ezinhle. Uma emakhoneni futhi eslphambanweni slabs kukhona ngisho igebe wosayizi omncane, isikhala ngaphakathi ungathola ezimanzi ke kuyidambise odongeni, okuyinto enomthelela ukubola kanye isikhunta kumiswa. Zonke lezi zici nanesandla ukudluliswa komsindo kanye ukwahlukanisa abampofu.

izici ezingezinhle

ukwakhiwa Panel akakwazi buthelela ukushisa ngokwanele, bese iba imbangela Ukupholisa ngokushesha ezindongeni, ikakhulukazi uma yesithwathwa ezinzima. Ngokuphambene, e-solar Kushisa kahle amapuleti kungenziwa ukufuthelana, bese, ebusuku, ukunikeza ukushisa ngokushesha. Ngemva kwalokho, ngaphandle komoya ophoqelelwe noma air-conditioning system ehlobo ukuba ngaphakathi la ezindlini ngempela ungakhululekile.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungakwazi uqaphele izinqumo ezimbi bekuhlela. Vele kufanele uthanda WC. Kuvele amakamelo side, Uphahla lwangaphakathi ongaphakeme futhi ikhishi elincane ukukhuluma hhayi zinkulu. Konke lokhu kuyinto ethile abalulekile. Ukwakhiwa ukusika anemifantu ku sebefaka ukhonkolo akuvunyelwe. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izakhiwo ezinjalo kufanele voids.

izici omuhle

Izinto ezenziwa abantu, okungase kubangele amaphutha inqubo ukwakhiwa prefabricated ayifakiwe. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izindonga izakhiwo phansi ngokuphelele ezenziwe efektri, lapho izinqubo ngomshini. Inzuzo kungabuye ngokuthi ukwakhiwa iDemo ozobakhona isigamu ngonyaka. Uma iqhathaniswa nezinhloko-ubuchwepheshe Monolithic, lona wamuva kuthatha iminyaka 2, futhi buhlangene ebusika. Panel izakhiwo lingakhiwa ngasiphi isikhathi sonyaka futhi ngenxa yokuthi izinqubo ezimanzi kuthiwa cishe iqedwe. Abanikazi zokuhlala ezintsha uyaqala ukulungiswa ngokushesha emva ukwakhiwa indlu, ngaphandle kokwesaba, ngoba odongeni bangaba angahleliwe, futhi izinto ziyohlala.

Izici isitini iphaneli izindlu

Brick-panel endlini, izinzuzo nezingozi okumele kubhekwe ngaphambi kokuqala ukwakhiwa noma yokufuna kubhekwa kunakwezinye izakhiwo ngenhla echazwe. Namuhla, lezi zakhiwo ziba ethandwa phakathi izimbangi emakethe. Phakathi izici ezinhle bungabonakala ukuthi ukushintshashintsha ekubukekeni lezi zindlu kungenzeka wehlukile. Nokho, kuhle ukucabangela ukuthi le ndlela kubiza ezibizayo. Amakamelo okulala awabange kule mikhaya avame namafasitela yesimanje, ebiyelwe ohlakeni lokhuni. Lokhu kwenza kube ngcono kakhulu ukushisa kanye umsindo ukwahlukanisa. Ukuze andise izinga induduzo, eziphakathi angomakhelwane amafulethi zenziwa ngezitini.

Nebubi isitini futhi izindlu prefabricated

Uma ucabangela umbuzo lokho izinzuzo nezingozi iphaneli izindlu, ungaxhuma kule ukuhlaziya izakhiwo iphaneli ngezitini. Bona, njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, abe ethile eyodwa enkulu. Lubonakaliswa yokuthi ngamunye isakhiwo ngeke akwenze ngaphandle ukusetshenziswa komsebenzi namaloli, okuyinto kwandisa izindleko umsebenzi.

Kufanele kuqashelwe, futhi isici esakhiwa ngo umkhawukho wesikhathi umklami lapho kwakhiwe luhlaka. Lokhu kungenxa ukusetshenziswa okujwayelekile kuma-panel kakhonkolo.

ubuchwepheshe ehlukile

Uzimele-panel izindlu, ngokucophelela ngobuhle nangobubi bawo ukuthi kufanele kubhekwe ngaphambi kokuthenga lolu hlobo ukwakhiwa, ezinamanani aphansi eyamukelekayo okunengqondo. Nokho, ngenxa amaphutha bungabonakala ukuthi ukwakha izinga kuzoncika labafanelekako ithimba. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, akunakwenzeka ukuba wazi isikhathi esifushane yendlu. Izinzuzo nezingozi nebubi kwe-SIP-panel izindlu manje isiphethwe ukuxoxa abathengi. Uma sicabangela le ndlela yokwakha, kungase kuqashelwe ukuthi lolu hlobo sakhiwo ngempela efudumele. Nokho, zikhona nemiphumela ethile engathandeki abalulekile, enye yazo sivezwe kula flammability material.