Ozone imbobo - inkinga yesimanje

Ozone iqukethwe amagesi imfucuza, okuyinto asebenza ezintweni amabhizinisi, futhi kuyingozi ikhemikhali. Kuyinto isici okumatasa, futhi kungadala ukugqwala izakhi isakhi zonke izakhiwo kungenzeka. Nokho, i-ozone emkhathini iguqulwe ibe usizo olukhulu, ngaphandle khona ukuphila emhlabeni bekungeke nje ayikho.

Stratosphere ngokuthi ungqimba asemkhathini, elandela inqubo eyodwa esiphila. Ingxenye engenhla ihlanganisa i-ozone, nokuqukethwe kwalo kule ungqimba - 3 molecule ngalinye 10 million zishintshe ezahlukene air .. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi emakamu sincane kakhulu, i-ozone isebenza umsebenzi ebalulekile - okwazi uvimba indlela imisebe ultraviolet ivela emkhathini kanyekanye ne elangeni. UV imisebe abe nomthelela omubi isakhiwo namangqamuzana aphilayo kanye kungabangela ukuthuthukiswa izifo ezifana ulwelwesi esweni, umdlavuza nezinye izifo eziyingozi.

Emongweni ukuvikelwa kwe-ungqimba lwe-ozone ingabe isimiso elandelayo. Ngaleso sikhathi, lapho indlela imisebe ultraviolet wathola i-molecule ye-oksijini, kukhona ukusabela eqhekeza ku athomu amabili-mpilo. Athomu okuholela ehlangana amangqamuzana undigested, ukudala i-ozone molecule ehlanganisa 3 ama-athomu umoya-mpilo. Emhlanganweni imisebe ultraviolet ne-ozone amangqamuzana, ekubhubhiseni ezintathu zokugcina ama-athomu yabo nomoya-mpilo. Torque eqhekeza molecule kuhambisana wenkululeko ukushisa, kanye ebusweni bomhlaba, abazange izuzwe.

i-ozone imbobo

Inqubo zokuguqula-mpilo ku-ozone kanye noHezekeli abizwa ngokuthi umoya-mpilo-ozone esemkhathini umjikelezo. indlela walo uyalinganisela Nokho, izinguquko ashukumisayo kuye ukushuba emisebeni yelanga, futhi inkathi zezinhlekelele zemvelo, ezifana ukuqhuma kwentaba-mlilo. Ososayensi baye baphetha ngokuthi ikhono sabantu sokuphila nomthelela ongemuhle Uhlonze lwalo. Kongqimba lwe-ozone kubikiwe kule minyaka eyishumi eyedlule ezindaweni eziningi. Kwezinye izimo, wanyamalala ngokuphelele. kunganciphisa kanjani nomthelela wezenzo zabantu omubi iringi wathi?

izimbobo Ozone zenzeka ngenxa yokuthi inqubo nolokubhujiswa ungqimba zokuzivikela kwenzeka okukhulu kakhulu kunalokho esizukulwaneni sakhe. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ngokuhamba ukuphila komuntu isibhakabhaka ezingcoliswe ahlukahlukene compounds-ozone-bawuphundle. Lokhu, ngaphezu kwakho konke, chlorine, uxhumano lokudlulisa, fluorine, carbon ne-hydrogen. Ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi leli compounds chlorofluorocarbon kukhona usongo olukhulu ukuze ungqimba lwe-ozone. Basuke kabanzi ifriji izinhlelo, kumakhemikhali awuketshezi zezimboni, umoya isimo futhi aerosol amathini.

Chloro, ukufinyelela i-ozone ixubana-ozone molecule basebenzisane. Ukusabela chemical edonsa chlorine oxide ne-mpilo. Lapho behlangana chlorine monoxide yomoya-mpilo engasetshenziswa khulula kwenzeka omunye yokusebenzisana lapho chlorine ikhishwe, futhi kukhona i-molecule umoya-mpilo. Ngemva kwalokho uchungechunge eluthile eziphindaphindiwe ngoba chlorine akuyona akwazi ukudlulela ngale umngcele emkhathini noma phansi. Ozone izimbobo - phetho emakamu encishisiwe ye-elementi ngenxa cleavage yayo okusheshayo ukubonakala yayo ungqimba yangaphandle nabavoti alien.

kwasendaweni

Umhlangano omkhulu kunayo yonke i-ozone imbobo phezu Antarctic kutholakala. usayizi wabo bucishe bulingane endaweni yaleli zwekazi. Le ndawo neze owakhiwe, kodwa ososayensi baye baveza ukukhathazeka ukuthi igebe ungasakazekela kwezinye izindawo iplanethi, ezigcwele abantu. Igcwele Inhlekelele yezindawo zemvelo kanye nokufa Zomhlaba.

Ukuvimbela zokunciphisa ungqimba lwe-ozone kufanele uqale ukwehlisa bawuphundle izinto sasikhipha emkhathini. Ngo-1987, yena esasayinwa sivumelwano Montreal emazweni 180 ohlinzekela nokwehlisa kwekhabhoni izinto equkethe chlorine, imodi ikhishiwe. Manje emgodini-ozone kuyehla, kanti ososayensi baye esesho ukuthi wethemba ukuthi isimo eqondiswa e 2050.