Ngubani umphatsi welidolobha esigodlweni? Lesi sikhundla, isihloko noma isikhundla?

Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa leli gama - ". imeya esigodlweni" Lena: isikhundla noma igama, isihloko noma isikhundla? Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ihlobene enkulu ebuthweni? Lapho igama elithi wabonakala kuqala? Le mibuzo kanye neminye eminingi ongayithola.

Funda futhi uzothola izimpendulo kulesi sihloko.

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Emazweni amaningi, ulimi oluyinhloko ephakathi eYurophu wayesekhona Latin. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi yayakhiwa amanxiwa kanye enkulu yoMbuso WaseRoma. Kodwa lolu limi kubizwa ngokuthi "Latin inhlamba" ngokungafani "classical" ngoba izizwe ezahlukene, wahlanganisa lwesigodi ezilimi eziyimixhantela lwabo lwendabuko.

Ngakho, kuba igama elithi "umphathi-dolobha esigodlweni" libhekisela ulimi olunjalo. Lesi isikhathi sokuqala izwi livela Ngekhulu lesikhombisa ensimini ka France yesimanje.

Ngakho uhlanga lwamakhosi Merovingian wabiza inceku abaphezulu. Igama elithi livela kuhlangana amagama amabili "Major" - "eziphezulu", "Domus" - ". Ikhaya" Lokho uyisikhonzi omkhulu wendlu.

Ngakho ukuhlangabezana ososayensi ku umbuzo yini nemeya esigodlweni.

Kuyini ephawulekayo ukuthi umfanekiso umthumeli, lokho show lackeys kumabhayisikobho, imidiya yalokhu okuthunyelwe bengangazi. Sizobe ubone ukuthi ulibangisephi, uzobese kusimangaze amakhono abo.

Ingemuva nesenzakalo izikhundla

Kwaze kwaba sekhulwini lwesikhombisa ngenkathi ephakathi eYurophu, ikakhulukazi e isimo Franks, yamukelwa isihloko "Seneschal". Esondele inani layo - "stolnichy". Inceku eyayibekwe phezu yokulungisa nokwaba ukudla ukuba izindlela evamile asebukhosini ukudla, kanye emadilini isimiso esigodlweni.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngenxa yezizathu ezingaziwa, amalungelo akhe kanye nemisebenzi, kanye nokwenzeka ukuqala ukukhula. Kusukela ngekhulu lesihlanu kuya Ngekhulu lesikhombisa at egcekeni Merovingian umane nje ungesinye kweminingi lackeys, kodwa ngemva zonke izinguquko.

Lo muntu uyakwazi ukuphatha bonke abantu ngothi lwabo, izinceku esigodlweni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, wayengase nokumelwe ngikhiphe isahlulelo uwedwa, waba isisusa inhlangano wohlelo enkantolo. Futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, ngaphansi kombuso wakhe enikeziwe impi, kuyilapho inkosi esahambile kuwo.

Lokho ngempela Seneschal iba "ngakwesokunene iNkosi", viceroy yakhe. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kuza isihloko nesikhundla "imeya esigodlweni."

Ngubani umphatsi welidolobha esigodlweni?

Kuze ngekota yokuqala ka Ngekhulu leminyaka lesikhombisa, abathwali lesi sikhundla wenza umsebenzi "umsizi induna King", "kusho uNgqongqoshe esigodlweni." Kodwa cishe kusukela wokubusa Dagobert mina (iminyaka engu-628) imeya amandla esigodlweni equalized futhi kamuva idlula nkosi.

Emibhalweni yaminyaka yonke le nkathi, ifomula iyagcinwa, ukuthi "kubusa inkosi futhi ebusa imeya esigodlweni."

Ngisho izenzakalo mnandi zenzeke ngemva kwesikhashana. engaphansi Ngokuyinhloko entandweni okuthunyelwe yinkosi iba yokuqokwa (kusukela Izicukuthwane imvelo), futhi kamuva ngofuzo. Manje imeya esigodlweni wathatha amandla ngokuphelele ezandleni zakho, futhi kwakukhona izimo lapho sekuthathe indawo bazibeka njengamakhosi owayehlezi esihlalweni sobukhosi.

Icala esicace lokhu kwaba isinqumo esithathwe indodana noKarla Martella. Njengoba eza emandleni Charles, imeya esigodlweni - akusiwona nje "abadobela edolobheni umbusi." Kule minyaka edlule uye iwine ukulawula ibutho imeya elingumakhelwane isigodlo abese eseba 'umbusi zamaJalimane. " Yini ngakho zihlukaniswa indodana yakhe, nathi sifunda ku.

Imeya edume kakhulu esigodlweni

Ngakho-ke, phakathi kwekhulu lesishiyagalombili, amandla imeya esigodlweni embusweni Frankish iba esiyingqayizivele. Kuleli zinga, kukhona isimo eBrithani yesimanje, lapho umkhaya wasebukhosini, "nokubusa kodwa akabusi."

Kunengqondo ukuphetha ngokuthi Karl Martell wenza zonke oyifunayo. Kodwa njengoba izenzakalo kamuva kwabonisa, izinto zingase zishintshe kakhulu.

Indodana yakhe, Pepin le emfushane, ngosizo uPapa kuphetha ukuba esigodlweni we Merovingian zokugcina, futhi ubusa esikhundleni sayo.

Ngakho, kwafika umphathi-dolobha lokugcina isigodlo abese inkosi yokuqala zamaJalimane kusukela kwabaneminyaka engamashumi 751 iba umsunguli lwamakhosi entsha elibusayo. Encwadini yezindaba zemihla ngemihla kubonakala ngaphansi igama Carolingians.

Singabantu nawe kulesi sihloko yathola ukuthi imeya esigodlweni - sesimweni ngesikhathi egcekeni Merovingian, kamuva yaba lwamakhosi entsha elibusayo.