Nesikhunta - izidakamizwa ukuthi ... fungicidal. fungicide

umsebenzi Modern engadini akuvamile ukwenza ngaphandle tillage bese utshala amalungiselelo akhethekile - nesikhunta. I kuhunyushwa igama negama kula eside kusukela incazelo Latin "ukubulala isikhunta." Kodwa umkhuba wokusebenzisa ukuvikelwa plant kwelulwe kakhulu lo mqondo ngokuhlanganisa izinto ezinobuthi ezingaba yingozi hhayi kuphela amakhowe, kodwa futhi izidakamizwa, elwa nezinye Amagciwane izitshalo. Nesikhunta - imikhiqizo yamakhemikhali noma yemvelo, ezisetshenziswa for the nokuvinjelwa, ukuvikela noma ukwelapha izifo of izitshalo horticultural.

Umlando omncane

isitshalo izifo ezihlukahlukene - indawo, nokugqwala, bola - umuntu ujwayelene kusukela abantu bafunda indlela yokutshala isiko elithile. Ngisho ngaleso sikhathi kwakunabazalwane abangu izincomo lokuqala kakhulu ukuvikelwa kunesidingo. Enye BC Homer okukhulunywa empini yokulwa nezifo zezitshalo esebenzisa fumigation nge isibabule, Democritus wakhomba ukubola zokuvimbela nge sishaye izitshalo ukumnika seminqumo. Nge ekuqaleni kwenkathi entsha, isiqubuthu sabantu sezwa ngalokho ukuvimbela isifo okusanhlamvu, sifakwe emanzini nabo iwayini noma ngokugcina imibengo nomsayipuresi amahlamvu. NgeNkathi Ephakathi eyaziwa ngesikhathi isifo zokufuya imithi yabo iye yachazwa futhi kuhlukaniswe.

Ukufohla eze ukuthuthukiswa chemical umkhakha futhi izifundo asebenzayo etiology izifo eziningi kanye izici begazi Amagciwane yabo. nesikhunta Iningi esetshenziswa namuhla baye kwemiqondo muva - ku 20 ekhulwini th. Modern imikhiqizo ukuvikelwa plant - olulodwa-ingxenye noma inhlanganisela yemithi - ingafinyelela neragelo phambili, kodwa inkinga ayizange iphele kuze kube isifo futhi udinga ngcono njalo ubuchwepheshe, imikhuba kanye nezitshalo ukucutshungulwa izindawo.

kanjani nesikhunta?

Ayayona ezinhlamvu noma mycelium isikhunta nezinto ezincane eziphilayo, okuyinto abangela izifo ezihlukahlukene. Le mikhiqizo ukuvikelwa plant ihlukaniswa ngokweminyaka ubunjalo umthelela, ukusetshenziswa izinjongo, ubunjalo kanye selectivity isinyathelo, kanye nokusabalalisa ezitshalweni.

Ukwahlukaniswa nesikhunta

Ngenxa yokuthi i-fungicide esifanayo angase abe nomthelela ezahlukene ku namasiko ehlukene, kusigaba okunemibandela kakhulu. Ngaphandle ukusetshenziswa ngemithamo ezahlukene izidakamizwa isikhathi ukungalingani sehluka kakhulu. Nokho, nesikhunta zihlukaniswe zibe:

• imishini zokuzivikela ezisetshenziswa ekwelapheni izitshalo enempilo ukuze kuvinjelwe lesi sifo.
• Zokwelapha (Ukuqeda) izidakamizwa, ukwelashwa ukuthi liyadingeka emva kokubili isitshalo esitholakala izimpawu ezikhungathekisayo zalesi sifo. Ingqikithi asebenzayo lokhu fungicide sivimbela ukukhula kwama- sphere pathogenic yikona okubangele le nkinga, nalokho okuholela ekululameni isiko.
• nesikhunta lefundo - kukhona amakhemikhali amuncwa nezitshalo ezihambayo ohlelweni lwaso semithambo kanye nokuvikela amahlumela usukhulile ngemva kokwelashwa. Lezi nesikhunta nomphumela ekwelapheni kanye prophylactic.
• imikhiqizo Imininingwane ukuthi ukuvikela kuphela labo izingxenye zalesi sihlahla ngazo mbeni. nesikhunta okunjalo - kusho nemphumela zokuzivikela kuphela, babehlale zincike umthelela imvula.
• Imbewu izibulali-magciwane - amakhemikhali asetshenziswe presowing imbewu sifakwe emanzini ukuze kuvikelwe izithombo esizayo ezifweni kanye izinambuzane futhi ekwelapheni ama, nezilimo eziyizigaxa, amakhomu futhi rhizomes izitshalo ngaphambi kokutshala. Namuhla, kunamabandla izidakamizwa njenge isenzo ebhekiwe - noma prophylactic wokulwa nezifo kungenzeka noma yokulwa izinambuzane microbial - futhi eziyinkimbinkimbi, lihlanganise kokubili lezi izinkomba.

Ubuthi amalungiselelo futhi izinyathelo kwisicelo sabo sokugcina

Nesikhunta - izidakamizwa ziyingozi futhi kudingeka siqiniseke of zibheke ekusebenziseni kwazo ekhaya. Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa lezi izidakamizwa, kufanele uzijwayeze amasu isicelo ukuthi baphephile. Kukhona imithetho embalwa fixed, ukuqaliswa esidingeka ukugwema elinobuthi, elikwaziyo ukuqala fungicide. Regulations lebhalwe ukulungiselela ngamunye, inikeza:

• egcinwe ngokuhlukile izidakamizwa kanye nemikhiqizo izidakamizwa e ezomile, epholile, endaweni emnyama ezingeni lokushisa hhayi ephakeme kunaleyo +35 ° C hhayi ngaphansana kuka -10 ° C;
• ukuqinisekisa kude nezingane nezilwane;
• Ukulungiselela yokusebenza isixazululo ukukhiqiza glassware esetshenziswa ekhishini;
• isixazululo yasetshenziselwa ngokushesha, it is hhayi egcinwe;
• lokufeza ukwelashwa ngokungabi bikho izingane nezilwane;
• abantu abazokwenza umsebenzi onjalo ukulungiselela izingubo ezikhethekile;
• ngesikhatsi operation akuthathi ukudla, ukuphuza, noma intuthu;
• Ngemva kwenqubo, ugeze ubuso bakho futhi izandla;
• isiqukathi esetshenziselwa isixazululo ukulungiselela kanye nemininingwane sprayer engahashazanga ngamanzi agobhozayo.

usizo Iyadingeka Ukuze Sibe ubuthi

Uma ukuqaphela lapho esebenzelana mithi ungazange ulandelwe, kubalulekile ukuba ngokushesha sithathe izinyathelo ezidingekile. Uma izidakamizwa ngephutha hit ingaphakathi, udinga baphuze 0.5 amalitha amanzi enze ukuhlanza. Ngemva contact abanesikhumba ketshezi asebenzayo, it is wageza ngaphansi kwamanzi agobhozayo imizuzu okungenani 10. ingress kuyingozi kakhulu zomuthi emaphashini noma amehlo. Ezimweni ezinjalo, iso ukuthi sihlanzwe ngamanzi futhi isixazululo amaphesenti amabili e-hydrogen peroxide, imuncwe izinto oluyingozi ngokukhishwa ukuze kungene umoya ohlanzekile. Naphezu elihunyushwe usizo lokuqala, kuyoba engadingekile ukuze ubheke isibhedlela, ukuthatha ilebula emaphaketheni zomuthi esetshenziswa.

imishini yesimanje zokuzivikela

Ukusetshenziswa nesikhunta uye edingekayo namuhla, ngakho kufanele bazi kahle ukuthi yini izidakamizwa ingasetshenziswa kwezinye izimo, kanye nabanye. Sibala nesikhunta ezivamile yesimanje, sibheke nokusebenza kwabo, emihle nemibi.

"Fundazol": yokusetshenziswa

"Fundazol" (powder) - fungicide letindzala isinyathelo olunzulu ukubhekana ezifweni eziningi fungal. Ifanele izifutho zokuvimbela futhi ekwelapheni ngaphansi usongo izifo fungal. Isetshenziswa njengesici sigqoka imbewu ngaphambi kokutshala. It has a iphunga ezingemnandi okuncane. Hazard - 3. Active izidakamizwa fundazol - benomyl, zingene isitshalo ngokusebenzisa izimpande noma izingxenye ezikhula ngaphandle kwenhlabathi futhi siguqule carbendazim - izidakamizwa kokuba kakhulu izakhiwo fungicidal. Iningi fundazol aqoqana phezu simila, kuyilapho ezincane, yayize iyofika ngaphakathi uyakwazi ukuvikela ngisho uxhumana izingxenye izidakamizwa.

Izindlela zokusebenzisa "fundazol"

Fungicide, ikakhulukazi "fundazol" kungaba kwenziwe ngezindlela ezahlukene:

• kanye kwesihenqo;
• sishaye izitshalo ngesikhathi yokukhula;
• Etching imbewu ngaphambi kokutshala.

"Fundazol" imfundo manual unamathele iphasela ngalinye, sihlakazwa isamba 1 g ngalinye 1 litre amanzi. Le isixazululo ukusebenza. Ukusebenzisa kungenzeka hhayi ningi than kabili isizini ngayinye.

ukwelashwa Imbewu Kunconywa ngenyanga ngaphambi kokutshala. Bekanye "fundazol" ukuthambisa ezidingekayo uma kwenzeka izimpawu izitshalo isifo futhi sishaye kukhona izinyathelo ezithathwayo phambi okuvela izimpawu ezibuhlungu.

"Itopazi": a fungicide esekelwe penconazole

"Itopazi" (emulsion CONCENTRATE), kanye "fundazol", kuyinto letindzala fungicide isinyathelo zokwelapha kanye prophylactic lokuzivikela izitshalo ezifweni fungal ezifana powdery isikhutha, nokugqwala, isikhutha, njll "itopazi" -. Fungicide, ayinaphunga ngokulinganisela yingozi abantu, izilwane kanye nezinhlanzi, kodwa hhayi anobuthi ukuba izinyoni nezinambuzane. It akuvunyelwe nakancane ukucutshungulwa isitshalo ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza. ekilasini Hazard - 3.

ngempumelelo kakhulu "itopazi" ukuze kuvikeleke itshe, izithelo, berry, yemifino kanye nezitshalo Ornamental, futhi powdery isikhutha on yamagilebhisi nesikhunta nezinye izifo. Olwenziwe nge esingaba izinsuku 7-14 ukwelashwa kokuvimbela ezicindezela izifo zibangelwa Amagciwane izifo ezihlukahlukene ngasekuqaleni kwesizini elikhulayo, bonisa imiphumela emihle kakhulu.

Indlela yokusebenzisa "itopazi"?

Kujwayeleke ukusetshenziswa fungicide kuncike esigabeni ukuthuthukiswa lapho isitshalo itholakala khona, futhi izinga kwaba ukulimala kwakhe. izixazululo engaqinile esetshenziswa ekuqaleni yokukhula noma ingemuva ongaphakeme samafayela; namandla kakhulu - kucecevu siphelile noma inkathi eningi lesion ukutheleleka. Ngemva ukwelashwa, isiko izidakamizwa ukuhlanganisa imiphumela kungcono ukusebenzisa ukuxhumana nesikhunta. Iziphakamiso ezilandelayo zenziwa mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwezinto "itopazi" imiyalelo:

• ngoba izihlahla zezithelo kanye ezihlabayo (currants, gooseberries, amapentshisi, amagilebhisi) nemifino kanye nokuqukethwe sitrobheli elilodwa ukulungiselela ampule usuhlakazekile e 10 amalitha amanzi;
• ngoba imbali izitshalo isixazululo kanzulu more (rose, carnations, asters, njll.) - umuntu ejenti ampoule ziyoncibilika 5 l yamanzi.

"Itopazi" - fungicide kabani intengiso iphansi, kanye izinzuzo isicelo yayo efanele kubaluleke kakhulu. Sishaye kufanele kwenziwe ezolile, nesomiso, nombala ngokuphatha bonke ubuso simila. Isixazululo ibhalwe ngokushesha ngaphambi imisebenzi. I processing elandelayo uma isidingo sikhona, wenziwa emva kwezinsuku 10-14, lapho isikhathi unogada sesiphelile.

Fungicide "noHorus"

Ukuvikela kanye itshe izihlahla, izithelo nemivini sitrobheli nge uqweqwe, powdery isikhutha and moniliosis isicelo fungicide "Chorus" ithuthukiswe ngesisekelo cyprodinil futhi lingashajwa ngesimo granules ungaphumi lapho ifakwa emanzini. "Chorus" - a fungicide, iye yasetshenziswa ngempumelelo ukuze silwe cherry leaf indawo, futhi klyasterosporiozom monilial izithelo bola ku iplamu kanye cherry nge izithelo bola kanye utwayi on apula kanye ithini lamapheya.

Icubungula "noHorus" kuveza sishaye, eyokuqala Kwenziwa ngaphambi izimbali, owesibili - ngesikhathi yokukhula, kodwa hhayi emva kuka 2 amaviki ngaphambi ukuvuna. Kungcono ukuchitha ukwelashwa kwesibili ngemuva 2 amaviki emva isiko buphelile. Isixazululo ukusebenza ibhalwe olinganise ezilandelayo: 10 l lamanzi kwaba ziyoncibilika 3 c. izidakamizwa. Ukugeleza isilinganiso ngalinye isihlahla izindlela ivela amalitha 2 kuya 5 solution esekelwe zinhlobo ukhuni nobukhulu balezi sprayer.

"Chorus" - isicelo fungicide kabani sici ngoba ibonisa kahle eliphezulu lapho okushisa aphansi (3-10 ° C), okuyinto inzuzo yale ukulungiselela, kusukela ingasetshenziswa ngempumelelo ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, lapho, ngokuvamile, kukhona ukutheleleka kanye nezitshalo horticultural moniliosis. Abatshali ayekuthola hhayi Kunconywa ukuba aphathe izihlahla nge lokushisa okwandisa ngenhla 22 ° C. isikhathi Avikelayo ihlala izinsuku 7-10 emva kokwelashwa. Enye inzuzo yokuhamba kwesikebhe ukusetshenziswa "noHorus" kuyinto nomphumela walo okusezingeni eliphezulu zokwelapha kwi izitshalo asebengenwe igciwane.

Imigomo yokusetshenziswa of the fungicide "noHorus"

Ukuze isitshalo ezehlukeneyo isixazululo emakamu kuyahlukahluka. Ukuze apula kanye eliphakathi kwe ukucutshungulwa kudinga isixazululo okulungiselelwe kusuka 2 g izimali 10 amalitha amanzi. Sishaye izithelo itshe ngempumelelo isixazululo 3 g ngalinye 10 amalitha amanzi. I lokuhlushwa ikhambi lokwelapha i-strawberry Sotk 1 - 6 g ngalinye 5 amalitha amanzi.

Nesikhunta ngokuba izithelo zomvini, ngokukhethekile, "Chorus" okulungiselelwe olinganise ngokufanayo sitrobheli - 6 g impahla ngayinye 10 amalitha amanzi. Umkhawulo inombolo kungenzeka zokwelapha inkathi ngalinye sitrobheli kuyinto 2, izithelo itshe (plums ngaphandle) kanye yamagilebhisi - 3; izithelo pome futhi plums - izikhathi 4.

ukucutshungulwa esifike ngesikhathi futhi afanele izitshalo kusiza abalimi kanye nokuhlanzwa kwazo ezindaweni suburban we Amagciwane izifo eziningi futhi ekwenyuseni izinga kwezitshalo kanye izithelo enempilo.