Hypothermia Ubude: izimbangela nemiphumela. Usizo lokuqala for supercooling

Umzimba womuntu uyakwazi ukumelana okuningi, kodwa kukhona imikhawulo, okuyiwona inguqulelo kungaholela edabukisayo. Avuse ukwephulwa uyakwazi esibalulekile ezifana lokushisa ongaphakeme. Lapho umuntu isikhathi eside zizwa amakhaza, kungenzeka hypothermia. Kulokhu, izinga lokushisa komzimba lehla ezingeni esibucayi, kwaphazamisa zonke izinhlelo eziyishumi nemitshingo.

izizathu

hypothermia Ubude ngokuvamile kwenzeka nge ukukhathala ngokomzimba, ophoqelelwe abantu ezibuthaka, izingane ezincane, asebekhulile nalabo abayizitha e sisesimweni sokungazi lutho. Senze isimo sishube kungase kube ukulimala, isivunguvungu esinamandla, izingubo ezimanzi, izidakamizwa noma utshwala ukudakwa, umswakama high, ukukhathala. Ukungenwa amakhaza kungadalwa ngisho cwilisa in echibini cool. Izinga kanye nemiphumela yayo kuzoncika kwaba isikhathi esingakanani khona emanzini.

ubufakazi

Bona izimpawu hypothermia akunzima kakhulu. Okokuqala, umuntu azizwa kuqubule amandla, injabulo ngokweqile, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo isikhumba sakhe okhanyayo, kukhona cyanosis ka unxantathu Nasolabial. Khona-ke uqala iphika, ishayela ophilisayo, kukhona imfiva eqinile. Uma noma yisiphi isenzo wezokwelapha okwamanje ingathathwa, izimpawu bachubeka: excitation indawo ukungabi nandaba, ukucobeka, namandla. Umuntu Awukwazi ukuhambisa, iyoba ababuthakathaka, uzizwa ozele. abantu uvame ukwazi esimweni esinjalo. Uma ungazinaki hlala, kungaba nemiphumela eyinhlekelele. Ukwehluleka ukuyonikeza usizo kuholela ukumisa ukuphefumula futhi inhliziyo umsebenzi, ukuze umuntu efa.

Frostbite esiseKnysna zikhala. degrees

Lamadigri hypothermia emithathu:

• Easy. lokushisa umzimba lehla 32-34 degrees. Isiguli azizwa Ukugodola, nobunzima ukukhuluma ngenxa banikine izindebe futhi umhlathi ongezansi. Waphawula bluish unxantathu Nasolabial, ukuphaphatheka umbala kwesikhumba, umzimba embozwe izintuthwane ezincane. Ingcindezi lahlala uhla evamile, kwandisa kancane kwezinye izimo. Umuntu Ungahambisa ngokuzimela. ukubukeka olungenzeka foci of frostbite lokuqala yesibili degree.

• Isilinganiso. lokushisa umzimba lehla 29-32 degrees. Amakhava zesikhumba babe abandayo touch, baba luhlaza cyanotic. Isiguli wazibonela somnolence nokunganaki lokho kwenzeka akanandaba naye. Chill kulesigaba elinesimo isimo "torpor": umuntu angabi baphendule lo mbuzo, aqondiswa kuye, ezintweni ezenzeka ngaphandle. Ingcindezi kulinganiselwe ziyancipha, ukuphefumula kuba ezingavamile kwenhliziyo yomuntu kuyancipha. Umthamo nokuhamba ezimele kulahleka. Nokuqubuka frostbite lingafika ngezinga 4th. Uma ungenalo usizo nesineke angagcina yezinkinga ezihlukahlukene, futhi kwezinye izimo, ukufa, zingaba khona kusukela hypothermia.
• Heavy. I lokushisa komzimba lehla ngezansi 31 degrees, ishayela kubambezela unhlangothi 30-35, umuntu ulahlekelwa ukwazi. nolwelwesi lwamafinyila kanye isikhumba integument abe tint abahlukene bluish, izandla, izinyawo, nazo evuvukele. Umuntu kokuba sokuwa isimo ingena equlekile. Ingcindezi kuyehla ngokucijile kakhulu, ukuphefumula kanzima kuba ivelakancane. Ukuze kuleli qophelo hypothermia libhekene frostbite ezinzima. Isiguli kudingeka usizo olwengeziwe, uma kungenjalo ukufa akunakugwenywa.

Bangaki lamadigri frostbite

Ziyakwazi ezine:

• degree 1st. Okokuqala, umuntu uzizwa ukuluma, evutha ukuzwa ke ithuntubeze wesayithi ethintekile. Kukhona ukulunywa, ubuhlungu (izimpawu ezinjalo kungaba kokubili ababuthakathaka futhi wamemezela). Le ndawo ethintekile uphendulela white, ngemva ukufudumala othi awube, kungase kube onsomi-bomvu luhlaza. Edema, kodwa izicubu necrosis kwenzeka. Ngeviki emuva kwesehlakalo kungabonakala nasemkhakheni uyaxebuka kwesikhumba, ngokuvamile ezincane. Ngu eyesihlanu ngosuku lwesikhombisa kuza umuntu alulame ngokugcwele.

• degree 2nd. Isiguli esikhathini sokuqala bangase bazibone Ukupholisa, pallor ka integuments isikhumba, ukuzwela kushonelwa uyise, kodwa lezi zimpawu simo singenzeka kunoma yimuphi frostbite degree. Isici isigaba oluthile uphawu - nesenzakalo ezinsukwini zokuqala ngemva nesenzakalo Bubbles egcwele uketshezi esobala. Nokuvulwa ubuqotho isikhumba kwenzeka amaviki amabili, nezibazi futhi granulation abumane. Kulesi sigaba of ubuhlungu frostbite emva ukufudumala zinde futhi zithinte izinto okukhulu ukwedlula owedlule, abantu ziphazamisa ukulunywa, evutha.
• degree Okwesithathu. On the isikhumba, njengoba kwaba njalo endabeni langaphambilini, akhiwa Bubbles, zisuthe ngokuhle igazi okuqukethwe kukhona blue-purple phansi ungenakonakala esicasulayo. Zonke izici ze-die isikhumba, ukuthuthukisa nezibazi futhi granulation. hamba nail, futhi, ngeke ukhule ezinyaweni frostbite noma izandla, sengathi ukhule, bese zikhubazekile. Esikhathini Ngesonto lesibili noma lesithathu ngemuva kwesigameko uphela exclusion izicubu efile kanye nezibazi kwenzeka. Uthatha inyanga eyodwa. Ubuhlungu kunalaba esedlule isinyathelo frostbite.

• degree angu-4 th. Zonke ezithambile izicubu izingqimba sphacelating kungenzeka amalunga amathambo abathintekayo. isikhumba yiqhwa zaqina iba bright bluish, kwezinye izimo kungase kube zemabula Umbala. Ngemva ukufudumala edema eba ngokushesha, ukhula ngokushesha. Amagwebu kulokhu ayakhekanga, zingabantu nobuntu izifunda ngezinga elincane of frostbite. lokushisa Skin endaweni ethintekile lingaphansi kakhulu kunezinye izindawo ezizungezile.

Usizo lokuqala for supercooling

Into esemqoka ukuthi kudingeka kwenziwe - ukumisa ukusebenza ngomhla ka-abandayo womuntu. Ngenxa yale njongo kubalulekile ukuletha noma bangene endlini efudumele. Uma lokhu kungeke kwenzeke, kudingeka ogulayo endaweni uvikeleke emvuleni nomoya. Ngokushesha ukubabulala izingubo ezimanzi bese bopha isisulu ngengubo ezomile noma agqoke izingubo ezomile. Uma umuntu ezazi, ungamniki isiphuzo esishisayo itiye, amanzi, ujusi noma ubisi.

nge amanzi

umzimba Subcooling luqedwe ngokubheja isiguli in umzimba ngamanzi afudumele, izinga lokushisa kwamanzi kufanele ukwandisa kancane kancane, kodwa hhayi ngaphezulu kuka-40 degrees. Ekupheleni amanzi izinqubo ethintekile kufanele wafaka embhedeni sekuqala ukufudumala futhi abeke heater. Uma kungenjalo, ungase usebenzise amabhodlela amanzi ashisayo.

Okufanele ukwenze esimweni esiphuthumayo

Kuleso simo, uma umuntu aquleke, kubalulekile ukuqapha inhliziyo yakhe yaqala ukushaya futhi ukuphefumula. Uma bengekho, udinga ngokushesha uqale wokutakula ukuphefumula nasesifubeni compressions. Lapho usizo lokuqala for supercooling enikeziwe, kufanele zilethwe umuntu esibhedlela, ngisho noma isimo sakhe kuyinto eyanelisayo unganakile akakubangeli ukukhathazeka. Kuphela udokotela singakwazi ukubona ezinye izinkinga.

Usizo lokuqala for frostbite

Frostbite kuyinto nolimi kusuka hypothermia, ngakho usizo kokuqala esifudumeza isisulu futhi resumption of ukugeleza kwegazi. Uma kancane iminwe yiqhwa zaqina kungaba kulungele kubo ngokubheja e emakhwapheni. Uma yiqhwa zaqina ekhaleni, ngoba kuyobe ukushisa ngokwanele ukufudumala ezandleni zakhe. Kodwa ungavumeli isayithi efudumele futhi simisiwe. Nqabela kakhudlwana futhi isikhumba sekuqala ukufudumala, ezimbi okungase lilimele. Ngokuvamile frostbite imnene ku pass zabo ngemuva kwamahora amabili. Lapho bezihlikihla isikhumba akusombululi obucwathile, kufanele ubone udokotela.

Ngakho, njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, okokuqala udinga ukuletha isiguli ekamelweni efudumele, ukukhulula umzimba kusukela nezicathulo lezigqoko. Ungabeki umuntu olandelayo ukufudumeza emithonjeni efana eziko, heater, ibhethri, isitofu esishisayo. Ungalokothi usebenzise umshini wokomisa izinwele - isisulu kalula bashe, ngoba engazizwa yiqhwa zaqina somzimba. Uma ukuvuvukala shashaza on endaweni ethintekile akuyona, Sula ngayo utshwala noma vodka, bese ngezandla ezihlanzekile, uhlikihla ukunyakaza yakho bebheke inhliziyo. Uma kukhona Bubbles uhlikihla awukwazi ukwenza, ngoba kungabangela ubuhlungu ezengeziwe nilethe ukutheleleka. Lungela, ke kuyodingeka isikhathi eside ukuba uwuhlikihle isikhumba nesineke baze bancane elibomvu futhi efudumele. Massage kuyadingeka ukuze baqaphelisise ukuze ugweme ukulimala semithambo. Ngemva ukufudumala isikhumba on endaweni ethintekile kufanele abeke ngebhandeshi oyinyumba.

umbandela

Njengoba sekushiwo, ukufinyelela udokotela uyisidingo, ngisho ukulimala ukukhanya. Lapho supercooling kwenzeka futhi frostbite wehlise izivikelo umzimba, izitsha iphazamiseke nobuchopho, ukucindezeleka kwenzeka. Ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa kufanele kube okhokhelwayo.

Ekuphetheni

Njengoba wazi, indlela engcono kakhulu aphume esimweni esingajabulisi - ke nje engakutholi ke. Ungashiyi ekhaya namakhaza ashubisa umnkantsha ngaphandle kwesidingo, ngoba emizweni kakhulu ezinikeza hlala wena lutho.