Narcissism - kuyini? izimfanelo zomuntu Negative. Narcissism

Ngamunye umuntu ngandlela-thile uzithanda yena. Kusuke kufanele kube njalo, emihle. Nokho, izenzakalo ezinjalo ngokuvamile hamba uhlaka oluthile kanye ngabanye uthi "daffodil." Kuyini kulesi sitatimende, igama elithi "Narcissism" - kuyini nalapho ukuyisebenzisa kahle - konke lokhu futhi ufuna ukukhuluma ngokuningiliziwe kulesi sihloko.

Ukuqokwa kwegama elithi

Into yokuqala bavisise. Ngakho, Narcissism - kuyini? Ekuqaleni ngifuna ukusho ukuthi igama elithi livela abafana Greek - Narcissus (ngokuvumelana izinganekwane), ohlale bayahlonishwa ukuqeda ecstasy wafa lolu thando (njengophawu lokuthi isijeziso sokuba ngokuphelele uthando a Nymph enhle). Uma uqhubekela ngolimi lwesayensi, ke lokhu isimo - kuba ezithile sici zokuthambekela kobuntu (likhuluma negative), ugcwele Narcissism. Kumele wathi ukuthi wezifo zengqondo akukho eqondile, isiqu olulodwa efanele ngalesi simo, ngoba ngokuvamile ibhekwa ukuhluka ezimbili ezihlukene:

1. Ngenxa yokusabela ukuzivikela ngokumelene ubudlelwane okungekuhle ukuba indoda.
2. Njengoba kubonisa inzondo ebhekiswe kubantu ababezizungezile.

izifundiswa

Yini ososayensi behlola mkhuba Narcissism? Freud no-Abrahama - laba yibo abantu emisebenzini lapho lo mqondo ubizwa izikhathi ezingaphezu kwesisodwa. Kuthiwa ukuthi wafunda kuso parallel, ngokufaka umfutho izincwadi, futhi kamuva yini eduze kakhudlwana ukuxhumana nomunye ngakho. Ngakho, Freud (owathekela eside kuPawulu Nakka futhi Heveloka Ellisa, nokuliphatha njengelibalulekile bezibona komuntu emzimbeni wakhe njengoba into ngokobulili) wathi ukuthi noma zokubonisa Narcissism - iyona isinxephezelo eyanele uthando ngabanye komama (kumama uthando), olubonakaliswa lapha izinhlamvu ezifana elimangalisayo narcissistic.

Yini u-Abrahama mayelana umqondo ezifana "Narcissism"? Kuyini kusukela ngombono wakhe? Ngakho, wayebheka kulesi simo in iziguli bayasangana, owaphenduka kude yimuphi omunye uthando futhi egxile ngokuphelele uqobo. Lesi simo ayesazobhekana igama autoerotism, okuyinto limnandi kakhulu Freud. Wanquma ukuthuthukisa ke okunye, echaza imicabango yakhe yonke e isihloko esithi "Ohambweni Narcissism," umsebenzi "Introduction to Narcissism" nokunye. D.

Kancane kabanzi mayelana Freud

Kuwufanele ethi okuningi mayelana nokuthi yini Freud wakhetha Narcissism zamabanga aphansi naphezulu. Kusho ukuthini lokhu? Kafushane, eyinhloko isimo - isigaba yemvelo ekuthuthukiseni awo wonke umuntu, okuyinto eyenzeka ekuqaleni kuka esewusana futhi kuyindlela evamile ukuthuthukiswa ubudlelwane into (ekubukeni Freud sika). efanayo narcissistic (ngokuvumelana VEZA sibalo yesayensi) Secondary kwamaciko, t. E. Man njengoba uthando ekhetha uqobo.

On the izinhlobo

Ukuhlaziya umqondo wegama elithi "Narcissism" (lokho nokuthi ukuyisebenzisa), kufanele sinake yokuthi kukhona izinhlobo eziningana lesi simo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona ngeengaba eziningana oluthunyelwe izazi ezahlukene ngale ndaba. Eyokuqala yalezi yakhiwa Gestalt owelapha Elinor Greenberg:

1. Narcissism ezinempilo. Uma umuntu ngokwanele uzithanda yena, lokhu isimo aluphumeleli umugqa ezithile, futhi akuyona Narcissism. Lolu hlobo ukuzethemba, isifiso sokulawula, kujabule. Kulokhu, ngesisekelo kuyinto ngakhula kahle obuhle eyakheke kahle ukubaluleka izahlulelo mayelana ngokwabo kanye nabanye.
2. Narcissism Avikelayo. Singasho ukuthi lo muzwa bokuphakama ukuthi ayihambisani ngokoqobo. Njengoba isibonelo: isifiso sokuba namandla kumnyama kubomvu, izinguquko njalo izinjongo, esikhundleni kwezifiso. Ngesikhathi inhliziyo ngokuvamile kuba "okungenamsoco" Isikhathi sasebuntwaneni kuhlasimulise kusukela iphuzu ngokwengqondo umbono.
3. Narcissism sokugembula. Ngokuvamile ezitholakala kubantu abanezifo ezihlukahlukene zengqondo noma iziyaluyalu, isibonelo, njenge-schizophrenia.

Amafomu: ngezigaba ezahlukene

Nokho kufanele kusho ukuthi ngokuvamile kulo magazini kudlala indima juqu engakunakile, okungukuthi. E. Lokho kuvela ebuntwaneni. Futhi ngokuyisisekelo Narcissism iyisici elimazayo amabhlogo ukuthuthukiswa "self-ungubani" umuntu.

1. Narcissism ezakhayo. Singasho ukuthi ukuqashelwa nokuzinyeza njengomuntu, esekelwe ubudlelwano enempilo ekuchumana. Uma sithatha ngezigaba ngenhla, lo okuthiwa Narcissism evamile noma unempilo.
2. Onakalisayo. Lokhu sokugembula ukuhlanekezela Narcissism okwakhayo kuholela yokuthi umuntu umane okungalungile noma ngokwanele ukuhlola ngokwabo maqondana abanye.
3. Ukuntuleka. Kuwufanele ethi lokhu kuyinto ampofu isimo Narcissism ezakhayo. Kuyinto ukungakwazi ezithile ukujabulela ngokugcwele ukuzenzela, ukuzimela, ukungakwazi akha ephelele, buka ephelele ubuntu bazo. Isizathu salokhu isimo ngokuvamile kuba umoya abandayo noma ungabi nandaba emkhayeni ngesikhathi kumiswa umuntu , futhi izinyathelo zokuqala ukuzivumelanisa emphakathini.

izingxenye daffodils

Kuwufanele ethi isibuyekezo kwezincwadi ehlukahlukene on isihloko "Narcissism" yadalwa 2007 ososayensi Foster kanye Campbell. Izimpawu ze-ubuntu narcissistic - lokho ngezigaba kakhulu enikeziwe iziphetho zabo:

1. Abantu nale isifo sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo nabacabanga ukuthi bancono kunabanye.
2. Laba bantu cha ngokwanele ukuhlola ngokwabo maqondana abanye, umbono wabo ayihambisani ngokoqobo.
3. Daffodils bathambekele overestimate kakhulu ulwazi lwabo endaweni ethile.
4. Abantu ne lesi sifo bazibone kuphela njengoba abantu esingavamile futhi ekhethekile.
5. Uma kukhona lokuzikhethela phakathi izithakazelo, Narcissus uqinisekile ukukhetha bebodwa, ngokubeka them phezulu others ngaphakathi.
6. Ngokuvamile isiphetho ngokwakho kuyinto daffodils impumelelo.
7. Daffodils bathambekele khombisa bokuphakama zabo phezu kwabanye.

Izimfanelo ezinjalo ezingathandeki

Kuwufanele ethi Narcissism ngokwemvelo - iyisifo, ukuphambuka in the psyche womuntu. Kodwa-ke has izimo ezifanayo ukuthi esivela kubantu abaku- indlela ukuze lesi sifo. Ngakho yiziphi izimfanelo ezimbi efana lesi sifo? Ngakho kuqala kukho konke kungcono nokuziqhenya. Omunye izono esifayo salowo version zenkolo, lapho umuntu uyakwazi futhi ukuziphakamisa, izimo abaphumelela nabahluleka impumelelo. A yesibili izinga efanayo - Narcissism. Lokhu kuyisinyathelo sokuqala esibalulekile esiya Narcissism, Nokho, okuyinto, angahlala kuphela. Man izithanda kangangokuba nje Akakwazanga correlate ubuwena nabanye, kahle ukwaba yena kuphela.

Iziphi ezinye izimfanelo ezimbi angabhekwa? Ngakho, kungcono ukuzethemba. Izinto eziningi ezivamile kukuhle, kodwa sokugembula ukuzethemba - kuba isimo eduze ukuphazamiseka psyche. Ekuphileni kwansuku zonke, ngokuvamile umqondo welithi Narcissism correlates ngokunembile nalezi izimfanelo ezimbi esivela kumuntu othile.

Umthelela ukuphila

Kumele ukuthi Narcissism (njengoba esigabeni sokuqala ukhona futhi kamuva) umthelela ogcwele ukuphila komuntu ngezinga elikhulu. Kuwufanele ethi lokhu disorder ubuntu (njengoba ngempela nezinye izifo ezifanayo) libhekene izici ezintathu:

1. Kuthinta ngokugcwele wonke amazinga kanye nezindawo yizenzo zabantu.
2. Lokhu sifo hhayi uhodyasche-uyeza, luhlala esitebeleni ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
3. Narcissism esilinganisweni ayimpoqo kuhambisana maladjustment social.

Izizathu

Njengoba kahle kukhona Narcissism? Izazi zokusebenza kwengqondo, bengqondo bathi izimbangela amanga ingane isencane yomuntu, okungukuthi ubuhlobo bakhe nonina. Kungenzeka Yiqiniso, kungase kube zofuzo, kodwa namanje ebaluleke kakhulu kukhona ezinyangeni zokuqala zokuphila. ubunzima obuhlukahlukene, izilingo nakanjani ushiye uphawu atshone kakhulu inhliziyo womntwana kuholele ukusonteka core "self-ungubani." Ngenxa yalokho, ukuzethemba umntwana ubesesimweni ihlumela, konke kuholela ekwakhekeni yokumiswa silahle ithemba, nokuba nenjongo kwabantu esikhathini esizayo iyona ukunakekelwa njalo umuzwa wokuzethemba (ubuntu is ayakhekanga). Nokho, kuthiwa ukuxhumana bokuqala zikamama nomntwana - ngisho utero - lokhu ingenye izigaba yokuqala kumiswa Narcissism eziyinkimbinkimbi wengane (noma ngabe ingane ekushoyo, njengoba unina sokukhulelwa ujabule, njll ...). Uma kamama nengane munye othandweni labo, abazali banikeze imvuthu isikhathi esanele nokunakekela, ekusizeni ukuzivumelanisa "izwe elikhulu", singasho ngokuqiniseka ukuthi umuntu akunakwenzeka ukuba babe nezinkinga "self-ukuhlonza".