Millennium (Y-isizukulwane, isizukulwane "elandelayo"): yobudala, izici eziyisisekelo

Ngokokuqala ngqá leli gama elithi 'Generation Y »uvele kwabantu Western, okuyinto theory ethandwa kakhulu izizukulwane. Ngokusho lo mbono, akhiwa American uNeil Howe noWilliam Strauss ngo-1991, emlandweni wesintu zingahlukaniswa zibe imijikelezo eziningana ezilokhu zivela. Bona sihambisana inkathi eyiminyaka engaba ngu-20 ubude.

umsuka walo eside

Isizukulwane esisha se-Millenium (ukuhumusha kusuka IsiZulu - "Millenium"), noma i-Y, - lawa abantu ababezalelwe 1981-2000. Lokhu lokulinganisa ziyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi izwe nokuthi uluhlobo luni umphakathi lisengozini. zezenhlalo Western uzame kule imodeli kwasekuqaleni e-US. Ingabe Millennium yayo isizukulwane eRussia. Imingcele yayo zinqunywa ngaphakathi cishe 1985-2000 iminyaka.

Imininingwane mayelana lo mkhuba "y" Howe futhi Strauss wabhala encwadini yakhe ethi, "Siyeza, + siqombola isizukulwane yeminyaka:. Isizukulwane omkhulu olandelayo" It yanyatheliswa ngo-2000. Ngaleso sikhathi, abameleli elisesikhundleni esiphezulu esizukulwaneni esisha kugubha Ukuza kwabo ubudala futhi waqeda isikole. Abalobi wabikezela ukuthi abantu abasha abasha kwadingeka ngokuphelele ukushintsha umqondo wobusha eminyakeni ezayo.

Izingane kwenkathi entsha

Ukubukeka isizukulwane Y lihlotshaniswa ezicini eziningana. Chief phakathi kwabo - lena ukwanda komphakathi ku 1980 zakuqala, lapho i-United States imba eqolo ezingeni wenzalo .. Ibizwa nangokuthi "boom echo", yingakho abameleli balesi sizukulwane Baziwa nangokuthi "ngemva kweMpi Yezwe II echo".

iyehla iyenyuka kwedemografikhi ziye zenzeka ngezikhathi kulo lonke emlandweni wesintu. Ngakho-ke, isici esibalulekile kakhulu zabantwana ukuBusa Kweminyaka Eyinkulungwane kwase bakhulela ngesikhathi sokuzalwa nokuthuthukiswa okusheshayo izindlela zokuxhumana zanamuhla. Sikhuluma-e-mail, omakhalekhukhwini, i-SMS, i-Internet, ukuxhumana nomphakathi. Yonke iminonjana zokuphila kwanamuhla kubonakale zigcwele emhlabeni namuhla, kodwa engamashumi amabili edlule, bavelelwa beseyizinsana futhi ayatholakala lungelona olwawo wonke umuntu, ngisho e-United States.

Generation Y waba nenhlanhla ngowokuqala ukuba ngumnikazi ezintsha zobuchwepheshe, kwenziwa ngawo ungakwazi ukuxhumana ngokukhululekile umuntu ngakolunye uhlangothi emhlabeni. Zonke izikhungo yesimanje: .. Isimo, isizwe, idolobha, umndeni, libandla, izinkampani, njll - kufanele njalo ukushintsha futhi nezimo ezintsha. Abantu abasha kufanele ikhono ukujwayela ukushintsha futhi ushintshe ephakeme ukuze ngokuphelele. Generation Y isivele ebusheni bakhe engavamile, okuyinto kwakungekhona dlule zukulwane.

Ikhono lokukwazi ukuthwala ulwazi

Namuhla, noma ubani angazenza ngaphandle izithiyo nekushicilela umbhalo wabo futhi baveze imibono yabo. Zikhona izici kule nkathi yesimanje kanye lokususa. Ukugeleza Imininingwane isibe amakhulu kangangokuthi isivele eziningi umzamo ukuhlunga ke. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, esikwaziyo namuhla, kusasa kungenzeka abe ngendlela engenathemba yisikhathi. Ubuchwepheshe kumaprojekthi izolo kuphela kwabonakala endabeni eqanjiwe yesayensi wayebe ngokoqobo. Lokhu loshintsho buyaqhubeka umfutho. Ezweni lapho lutho kungokwaphakade, ngempela kubalulekile kuphela impendulo esheshayo. Indoda endala, kuya kuba nzima nakakhulu ukwamukela ukuthi kukhona amathonya anjalo esikhathini kolwazi. Kodwa isizukulwane esisha sabantu, le mithetho ukuthi kunabantu abaqonda ngokwesiprofetho isencane futhi ungakwazi ukuzulazula ngaphandle kwezinkinga ezweni lanamuhla.

Kungani intsha kalula ziphile ezimweni ezinjalo? Ngoba wayengakwazi ukuthi kungaba ngenye indlela. kokuhlukana Permanent bekulokhu medium khona zabo, ukuhwebelana kwembulunga yonke okwandisa evumela ukuba nomuzwa wokuthi izakhamuzi zezwe, kanti abantu asebebadala kudala umuzwa strangeness futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nokuzizwa belahliwe. Yavela Maphakathi nekhulu XX, hhayi ngaphandle umzamo bezama ukuhambisana kuyashesha boom zobuchwepheshe, kuyilapho intsha ubone okwenzekayo sivunyiwe.

Kusetshenziswa i-Inthanethi, abantu abasha bangajabulela ngokushesha futhi umane ukugcizelela ubuntu babo. Sinenkosi umkhuba ukuncela esande ukugeleza kokudla ezingqondweni zabo: umbhalo, izithombe, umsindo - Namuhla abukho ukudedelwa kolwazi nezakhiwo. Inani izikhathi ukufunda okuthile okusha futhi ikhule. Kungashiwo ukufunda, self-imfundo, izindaba, ukuzijabulisa, ezempilo, ukuhlela zokuphila, indlela yokuphila, ukufuna izisekelo ezingokomoya, nokunye. D. Uma abazali babo kwadingeka ukuya umtapo futhi ahlale izinsuku ezimbalwa ukuze uthole incwadi, bese lona osemusha ungathola s umthombo wokwaziswa kumaminithi. Wona kwandisa kumkhawulo ulwazi, okuyinto ukubamba umuntu oyedwa. Kwenzeka ngokwemvelo. Abantu Gen Y kungenzeka ukuxubana ezingalindelekile yokubukwa, imibono kanye nemibono.

umkhuba ushintsho

Kuleli zwe lanamuhla, namagunya namandla iyashintsha phambi kwamehlo ethu. Kodwa ngisho lezi zinguquko asesabi isizukulwane Y. It isetshenziswa amaqhawe ngosuku, futhi uyazicabangela Esimweni esinjalo kuyinsakavukela. Ngisho ukugeleza okusheshayo lwazi udidekile kwentsha. Uma abantu asebebadala kulahleka kuye, abamele isizukulwane nokuBusa bayakwazi baqonde ajenda impukane futhi uzizwe ochwepheshe kuzo zonke izinto.

Abacwaningi bathi intsha entsha liye landa ngokuya umphakathi lapho izingane safaka umkhuba wokuba azethembe. Mhlawumbe lena yiyona ndlela isizathu imithetho engqondweni, okuyinto Generation Y ifuna kube sesikhathini esizayo engaziwa. It is hhayi echotshozwa izintambo ngokuphelele imvelo lapho izingane zikhula odlule X.

Okuthandayo nezinto eziza kuqala

I-UN ilinganisela ukuthi namuhla isizukulwane Millennium kuyinto cishe ikota yebahlali labantu emhlabeni (abantu 1.8 billion). Manje laba bantu iminyaka engu-18 kuya 35. Abacwaningi bathi intsha yanamuhla akanandaba inkolo - okungenani ingxenye yesithathu intsha bazibheke ukuthi uNkulunkulu akekho. Enye ingxenye ye "y" qakala ezombusazwe, ayisekeli anoma yiliphi iqembu lezombusazwe futhi akusho ukuya okhethweni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, laba bantu abasha engathandi ukuhlobanisa izimpilo zabo lowo msebenzi.

Ngokusho vo, okubili kokuthathu, kwezinkanyezi abafundi American ufuna ukuba abantu abayizinjinga. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu nezinye eziningi Generation "elandelayo" usolwa ngokunukubeza capriciousness futhi Narcissism. Isifiso ukwenza intsha enkulu ngempela. Ukuze US izibalo efanayo, 47% bafuna ukuthatha umhlalaphansi ngaphambi kweminyaka engamashumi ayisithupha, bangakunaki isimo sabo siqu, futhi u-30% ukholwa ukuthi babe abayizinjinga phambi amane. Zonke lezi zici of Generation Y avumelekile hhayi kuphela maqondana e-United States. Izithelo capitalism ebonakalayo futhi eYurophu, kanti eRussia, futhi kwamanye amazwe athuthukile - eJapane, eKorea, Canada, nokunye ..

kumiswa

amalungu Young futhi abakhuthele of Generation Y basonta stratum kakhulu nokucwasa ngokwebala ahlukahlukene omphakathi jikelele. Kunezinye izici eziyisisekelo. Ziyakwazi isizukulwane luhluke "elandelayo" kusukela dlule zukulwane - X (iminyaka engu-35-49) nengane ngemva kweMpi Yezwe II (iminyaka engu-50-70). Imfundo Eletha intsha yanamuhla zize kuqala emshadweni. Ngokwesibonelo, engxenyeni yesine baseMelika abaneminyaka 18-32 kakade uzobopha elikasofasilahlane. Dynamics kangangokuthi inani oshadile njalo uyaqhubeka ukuna.

Uyephuza ukuqala umndeni uvame elihlobene ne unesifiso sokuthola lokho ezisifundisa ukuba uphile futhi bazisekele. Kungakhathaliseki izizathu kungaba kushiwo ngokuzethemba ukuthi ukungena ekuphileni omdala intsha namuhla nzima kakhulu kunokuba izihlobo zabo ezindala. Kukho konke lokhu isizukulwane "y" wayebhekene nenkinga engathi sína e-okuthola umsebenzi. 25% wentsha French ukuphila ngaphandle umsebenzi, e-Italy bangamaphesenti 40% eGreece Spain - cishe u-50%, e-Russia - 23%. Abaningi uthole ngokwethukela.

Ubuhlobo ngomsebenzi

Yini isizukulwane yeminyaka abaqashi? Lo magazini lunikezelwe bacwaninga. Intsha namuhla ingxenye enkulu ufuna konke ngesikhathi esisodwa, akusiyo uzimisele ukuba sibekezelele ungakujabulisi, umsebenzi isimiso engafuni likhiphe kusuka lokudala iSilekeleli Sokwazisa sakhe. Zonke izici Gen Y zithi uyiphupho ngisho kwezinsana uyingane. Lokhu kusho ukuthi intsha ungajabulile ngokuthi uphatheke yokuthi namuhla sinawo ukukhuthazelela ubunzima ukuthi konke kuhamba kahle esikhathini esizayo engaziwa.

"Y" ukunakekelwa okuncane mayelana ingxenye esisemthethweni yomsebenzi wakhe (nesikhundla). Ezithandela induduzo zabo ezingokwenyama nezingokomzwelo ngaphezulu. Ngokusho umsebenzi wabo enhle kufana futhi kubangele umuzwa ukukhula yabo kanye nentuthuko. Ukuswelakala kokusebenza ngokuhlanganyela ukunyakaza siqu engakuphazamisi kakhulu labo abangabakhe isizukulwane weminyaka eyinkulungwane. Isidingo induduzo engokwenyama sivezwe kula isidingo ukuchitha imali ukuhamba futhi bahlala isithunzi. "Y" kungenziwa ngokuthi uyiphupho inkathi edlule izidingo ophanayo xxi leminyaka.

Ukuthola umsebenzi omusha, abantu abasha abasha kungukuthi ibheka izindlela zokubhekana naso, it is, kunalokho, isifuthefuthe umsebenzi "bona." Bayanda abasebenzi abasha bayenqaba ukukholelwa ukuthi Nhlangano uyakusophula kubo esimweni esinzima futhi ngenxa yalokho yini sizimisele ukuzidela kwamanje ezintweni ezinkulu ngenxa umsebenzi olandelayo. umsebenzi Wanamuhla insizwa - iqoqo ukuthengiselana ezincane eziningi nabaqashi ezahlukene, lapho bonke abahilelekile nomunye lokho abakufunayo. ubudlelwano professional ezinjalo zisekelwe kuphela isimiso inzuzo kithi nakuye. Generation Y uya wazwakalisa ukungavumelani izinqumo iziphathimandla, kulapho inert owedlule isizukulwane X. Intsha ivame ukuziba sabaphathi evamile wamandla corporations. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kuba ngenhlonipho okuningi ngoba izimo zokusebenza enesizotha futhi zikhululekile.

isizukulwane omuhle

Nge zonke zibe futhi wokuziqambela isizukulwane "y" abameleli bakhe kalula kabusha uma engena, izimo ezintsha nhlobo. Abacwaningi bathi intsha yanamuhla, kuningi ezifana ngakho nabantu abasha ekuqaleni XX leminyaka, lapho-Europe lalinenkinga yayo "Ezinhle Century" nokuvukela technogenic, ke akazi ezethusayo izimpi zomhlaba.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, le "y" kuyinto neligebe nabazali babo. Lena kwaphawuleka ngokukhethekile kwalasha wezwe lakithi. Millennium Generation eRussia akazi noma ukukhumbula omawala of the 1980 kanye 1990, lapho iSoviet Union bese WaseRussia babekhona isimo sezombangazwe, ezomnotho nezenhlalo nzima. Ngakho weza okwenzeka isimo sokugxeka babadala bawo, futhi inkolelo ikusasa eliqhakazile abasha.

Ubugovu noma individualistic?

ERussia, kuthiwa wayevame ukuzilahla yomhobholo ephawula intsha yanamuhla. Millennium - isizukulwane esiye abe impendulo isibuko ukuze isizukulwane esedlule, owakhulela eSoviet Union nokunye kuxhomeke kulokho Ngicabanga ngaye ezungeze umphakathi. Ezinye zezenhlalo ukuphakamisa ukuba acabangele "y" akuyona zobugovu, kodwa kunalokho samoorientirovannymi. izizukulwane eziningana odlule wahlala ngaphansi imibono esemthethweni lapho ukuze lelisu iphrojekthi yakho siqu okulahlwa umphakathi, kwakunzima kakhulu. Abantu ukuze aphebeze le "umugqa jikelele", phathelana ematfuba. Namuhla, lapho uhlaka eqinile nakho ngeke kusize enjalo ayisekho, intsha kufanele ububanzi enkulu ngoba iSilekeleli Sokwazisa.

Entsha umnotho kosozimali nge isiko umthengi izifiso ngokwemvelo kuletha wonke umuntu. Ngenxa yalokho - ngabameli Generation Y kungaphezu kungenzeka cabanga bona ulalele wena. Bakholelwa ukuthi izithakazelo esiwenza akufanele kuphula kuzozizuzisa ngabanye. Okunjalo yomhobholo akuyona elimazayo - ke nje ophika yonkana-ukulungiswa.

Abantu abasha futhi imali

Ngenxa isifiso ngokungakhethi ukuyothola imfundo Generation Y kakhulu abadliwa izikweletu kunabazali bazo eneminyaka engu efanayo. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi intsha yanamuhla ebhekene nezinkinga ezingathi sína kwezomnotho. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi cishe 85% abamele Millennium baye bafunda wonge imali njalo ngenyanga. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kuphela eyodwa nohlelo oluthile eside ukuphathwa kwezimali zabo. intsha yanamuhla usindisa kuphela, kuyilapho abazali nogogo nomkhulu bawo bafuna ukutshala. 75% abafundi basekolishi American ukholwa ukuthi abakwazi ukuzenzela izinqumo zezimali.

Emazweni acebile, izwe lokuqala yakhiwa iphethini ukunciphisa izindleko zabo yokusekela ukusekelwa nezenhlalakahle abasha kanye nezinhlelo zabo (esikhundleni anda ukumnika kwezimali ezinhlelweni impesheni). Ngakho-ke, abantu Generation Y uya kumelwe ancike ngokwabo kanye nemandla abo noma ukwesekwa umndeni. Ngakho, US izakhamuzi esezikhulile esivela state 2.5 izikhathi imali kunentsha. Lezi amaphethini zichazwe nguhlelo yeningi emazweni asethuthukile. Abezombusazwe ukhethe asebekhulile, futhi izifundo isimo ngokuyinhloko sigxila izidingo abalandeli babo.

"Y" ikusasa

ososayensi Namuhla yezenhlalakahle ozama ukuqonda ukuthi izwe liyoba lapho isikhundla ukhiye kuzothatha isizukulwane uye esekhulile ngokuphelele "eduze." Ukuhwebelana kwembulunga yonke kanye nezokuxhumana lula izingxenye ezahlukene ukukhanya kufanele kuholele ukubekezelelana namasiko ehlukene komunye nomunye. Kuyefana nasendleleni ubuhlanga, ubuzwe, ukukhetha olala nabo, ubulili. Ngo -ke isizukulwane esisha ukubandlululana ingasaphathwa kunabazali bazo. Ziyakwazi umyalelo ezidlula mobile kakhudlwana futhi ikhiqize kakhudlwana. Okokuqala, lokhu impumelelo lihlotshaniswa inguquko kwezobuchwepheshe, okuyinto yasishintsha ubunjalo bokuphila komuntu wonke odlule engamashumi amabili. Inombolo ezintsha kule nkathi uyalingana intuthuko ukuthi abantu eqile phezu eminyakeni eminingi. Ejwayelekile ukushintsha isizukulwane "y" nezinguquko lwesikhathi esizayo luyokwenzeka buhlungu kakhulu esingaphansi kwenza abangaphambi kwabo isizukulwane "X".

Ukuhamba intsha ibhekene nezinkinga eziningi. Ezinye zazo ukudala wezombangazwe. Ukuvuleleka emhlabeni kuvimbela yokubhalisa - ngu-60% uthi ubeka izithiyo kufuduka yangaphakathi abantu bakhona. Ingxabano "Obaba and Sons" sivezwe hhayi kuphela kule. Ngesikhathi esifanayo yonke emlandweni wesintu ebonisa ukuthi ngxabano imvama ekugcineni iwina intsha, okuyinto ubuyisela ubudala.