"Mauser 98K." Carbine Mauser 98K: izithombe kanye Ukucaciswa

IMpi Yezwe II waba yingqopha-mlando ebanga usizi kunazo zonke emlandweni ekhulwini elidlule leminyaka. Wenza isilonda yokuthi sizophola namanje eside. Kodwa kwaba yena owanika abantu eziningi ubuchwepheshe obusha futhi izindlela ezisetshenziswa kuze kube yilolu suku. Yiqiniso, kuyiqiniso kakhulu lokhu isitatimende izingalo. Ezinye amasampula ukuthi bakamalalahlengezela esetshenziswa empini, wahlala kahle kuze kube manje futhi ngeke bathathe izikhundla zabo.

Unjalo-German carbine «Mauser 98K." Ngokuphambene nalokho okukholelwa yiningi, nguye, hhayi "uhlu lwezincwadi zeBhayibheli" ngesibhamu submachine MP-38/40 angabhekwa weqiniso "ibhizinesi khadi" of the ezejwayelekile unyawo isosha we Wehrmacht. Umklamo yalezi zikhali uye waphumelela kangangokuthi kwakusengathi isibhamu abahlonishwa kakhulu German World. Ngisho nanamuhla, kusukela elidala "Mauser" yonke indawo ukwenza abazingela carbines, kanye imifanekiso walo wanamuhla. On umlando lesi sikhali kanye izici zayo, ukufunda lesi sihloko.

isingeniso

Carbine "Mauser 98K» (kurz - okufutshane) wamukelwa Wehrmacht ngo-1935. Yaba enye ukuguqulwa "ihlelo" isibhamu Gewehr 98, ogama amadlozi, Gewehr 71, kwadalwa abazalwane Mauser emuva ngo-1871! Calibre izikhali yalolu hlobo ayikashintshi, lokulandisa 7.92 mm. Njengoba esimweni "98 Geberi" wasebenzisa igobolondo 7,92 × 57 mm.

Ukwahlukana kusuka izibhamu

Ngesikhathi isibhamu has izici ezilandelayo ukuthi lihlukaniswe isibhamu cm 60 emgqonyeni eside (y Gewehr - 74 cm), isibambo yesivalo uzimisele downwardly futhi etholakala ebhokisini ngaphansi isibambo ikhefu yayo ekhethekile. Umehluko omkhulu (kokuqala) - kuyinto phambi isihlilingi swivel integrally nge lozhevyh icici ngoba ibhande is abethela "e cavalierly" (lokhu - ngezansi).

isihlilingi engemuva babe ngokuvamile: esikhundleni slot enikeziwe in the Butt, ivikelwe kusukela edging bafake metal. A "iqhinga" kubaluleke kakhulu futhi ewusizo yalesi isikhali wukuthi ezibhuqiwe isiqeshana ayidingi zisuswe ngesandla ngemva umagazini bethulula (ngenkathi ishaja), kuvele zawela ngokusebenzisa slot. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngemva kokuphela zezinhlamvu, yesivalo uvuliwe. Oluhambisana emisha odlule Lokhu kwenza ukulayisha kabusha ukhululekile okuningi. Sekukonke, abantu abangaba yizigidi ezingu-14.5 amasampuli zavezwa.

Qaphela lobuchwepheshe

Ekuqaleni, le ncwadi "K" egameni Kunalokho kusho empi isikhali isesekeli. "Dlala" kwakungeyona ngesikhathi esisodwa. Iqiniso lokuthi ibutho "carbines" German anesikhathi eside akholelwa bona ukulungisa ezivamile ngezibhamu yomugqa, umehluko oyinhloko nokungelona ubude, kodwa indlela yokuphepha izikhali ibhande, okuyinto ehlelelwe more ngoba amahhashi! Kungaleso sikhathi kuphela lapho, futhi ngolimi isiJalimane ethemini atholwe okukushoyo global.

abaningi Ngakho "imithombo Mauser 98K 'ngokuthi" isibhamu engasindi. " Ukuvala uvala uma ijikelezwe 90 degrees, has lugs ezintathu. Yiphathe ukulayisha kuvikelwe nalokho kuthabathela ecaleni labaqaphi elingemuva. Njengoba thina sekushiwo, it is eligoqiwe phansi. Wabanikeza kunezinzuzo eziningana:

• Okokuqala, futhi kwaba lula ukulayisha kabusha izikhali.
• Okwesibili, isibambo selibekiwe embobeni embhedeni, lapho isimo sikuvumela emkhakheni, kunokuba kunanyathelwe ohlangothini "isigwedlo".
• Ekugcineni, yimuphi "Mauser 98K" kungenziwa ngokushesha ukubeka riflescope ngaphandle kokushintsha we isibhamu (njengoba kunjalo ne sokuzingela yasekuqaleni futhi Gewehr Mosin).

Konke lokhu, kuhambisana ubukhulu elincane izikhali, wenza imodeli 98K real "hit" akuyona kuphela ibutho lamaJalimane. Trophy ngezibhamu akazange bangafuni ukusebenzisa futhi iSoviet noma amasosha aseBrithani futhi eYugoslavia. Ehlabeke umxhwele futhi enamandla osezingeni izikhali, esangenza ukudubula phambidlana nangokuqondile.

izici Technical slide

Sebesesangweni, kukhona izimbobo eziningana. Ngabo uma intuthuko yamagesi Propellant kusukela emgqonyeni lapho shot esidlule kubuyiswe phansi ekamelweni esitolo. Esinye isici iyona extractor okukhulu kakhulu. It wenza imisebenzi amabili asemqoka: Okokuqala, ngokuqinile eluma omubi igobolondo flange isampula isiJalimane, kanyekanye isandla ebambe khona esibukweni yokucina.

Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu, ngoba ngenxa yakhe (usebenzisa izinhlamvu ezivamile) kusukela "Mauser" nhlobo ezimweni lapho emikhonweni ngeke kwenzeke zisuswe ekamelweni. I "Trehlineek", kwakungekhona kamnandi kangaka. Ngokuvamile, izikhali Wehrmacht Cishe njalo libhekene izinga okusezingeni nokwethembeka zisenezindinganiso ezinhle zokuziphatha, ikakhulukazi kusaqalwa empini.

I yesivalo ejector isiqhebezo obangela ejection Amagobolondo bagged. Ingabe lock ohlangothini lwesobunxele owamukelayo futhi ngokuphephile kunesithembiso ke esangweni siqu. Kumele sikubeke kuqala ukuze kukhishwe ke edingekayo ukuze ihlolwe ezibukwayo noma esikhundleni fuse isikhundla phakathi, bese, ukudonsa ngaphambili lock, ukuyikhipha yokucina.

Ulwazi mayelana esitolo

Thenga distichous, ibhokisi-hlobo. Kutholwe ngaphakathi umamukeli. Lokho esitolo "Mauser" ihluke kakhulu kwethi eziningi ngezibhamu kwaleso sikhathi, njengoba ingazange aphume ashone ngale kakhulu sokuzingela / carbine. Lokhu gunsmiths German wenza kunenzuzo ukusebenzisa izici ezimbili: okokuqala, Reichswehr kanye Wehrmacht esetshenziswa igobolondo wayethé le flange, kuyilapho lento ezifanayo eziyizinhlupheko cartridges 7,62x54R spoilt igazi eliningi ukuze gunsmiths yasekhaya. Ngenxa yalokhu izinhlamvu kungenziwa ezinabantu ngaphezulu bezama nomunye. Ukusebenzisa okufanayo "checkerboard" isikimu wenza esitolo "Mauser" icwecwe kakhulu.

Hlomisani isikhali we Wehrmacht ingalungiswa njengoba leli bhande ngoba imizuliswano amahlanu, kanye ngamunye. Ukushaja esitolo ngosizo omfisha, kufanele afakwe eziklanyelwe le Izigatshana zezinyanga ku umamukeli, bese ngamandla ngawakhamela cartridges, usebenzisa isithupha. Ngemva Juggling shutter ngokuzenzakalela akhishwe Slots umnikazi (ngokusebenzisa slot, esixoxe kabanzi ngazo ngenhla).

Uma isikhali kumelwe zithululwe, kufanele usebenzise esangweni, ukunyakazisa ke kaningi ngokuthanda e carbine izinhlamvu ngakwesokunxele. Ngaphansi unogada inhlamvu unephutha sizibeke ngumuntu isiqhebezo entwasahlobo okuvumela ukufinyelela ngalo ingaphakathi yezitolo, uma kunesidingo yokuhlanza yayo noma inqubo yesondlo.

It is nhlobo lokukhokhisa igobolondo ekamelweni ngesandla, njengoba lokhu kakhulu kwandisa ingozi izinyo zokugwema ukuphuka we ejector, okuyinto emkhakheni ukulungisa engenakwenzeka. Ngokuvamile, isibhamu German "Mauser" libhekene ukuthembeka okukhulu, kodwa lobu buthaka futhi ke (isithende le "Mosinki" Achilles 'kwaba kugqame kwesango).

Trigger (inhlamvu indlela)

USM Umgadli elula hlobo. Inkambo inhlamvu - kunalokho eside futhi abushelelezi, ekwenzeni lokhu isikhali wayethandwa kakhulu lokudutshulwa. Ngo cocking isando liphuma lapho yesivalo liphenduka. entwasahlobo yayo ahlelwe ngaphakathi valve. Ukuze kwasendaweni okubonakalayo asikho isidingo ahlole esangweni, njengoba lokhu ngokuningiliziwe iyabonakala kalula shank isikhulumi emuva.

Ngesikhathi ezingemuva tumbler uhlobo fuse kushaywa. It has izikhundla ezintathu kungenzeka:

• Ingabe kusontwe ukuze ilungelo - isikhundla labadubuli, kulowo mlilo.
• Ime mpo - mahhala yesivalo fuse usebenza.
• Bent kwesokunxele - Fuse kufakwe endaweni esangweni ikhiyiwe.

Esikhathini izincwadi, ukugomela ezivamile ukuthi fuse kwi "Mauser" uhlelo elula efana "Trehlineyke". Wayesho ukuthini ababhali baphikisa ngokuthi phezulu isigcebe sembali zakhe eziqondile okuthiwa amasosha akwazi kalula abone, ungakwazi ukudubula isibhamu noma cha. Kodwa lapha kubalulekile abuye abheke incazelo bezimiso zawo: fuse kufakwe zisendaweni ephakathi kungekho infantryman ukuhamba evamile ngeke, njengoba kulokhu kungaba trite ukulahlekelwa yokuvala. intuthuko Sexy empini!

Nokho, kufanele siqaphele ukuthi fuse K98 ukulawula ngempela lula kakhulu: kulula ukushintsha isimo, kuba lula kakhulu ukusingatha amagilavu. Ngakho lokhu isibhamu German kungaphezu ukusabalala ergonomic ngenkathi amasampula ukudayiswa kwezikhali ezincane.

Kumadivayisi sextant

Mechanics lutho umbukwane abakwazi ukuqhosha: phambi ezivamile futhi nokuzwa labaqaphi elingemuva. Ukubona kungase kushintshwe kusuka ngamamitha 100 kuya kwezingu-1000. Ngaphambili emehlweni iqinile endaweni ethile kwi Warsaw Pact atheleka obandayo "Dovetail." Ngokweyame ezinhlinzekweni uhlangothi ukuhlela. Ufaka emehlweni ezingemuva - esiqwini, phambi umamukeli.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi amaJalimane, njengoba ochwepheshe Soviet azisetshenziswa ukukhululwa kwe-ekhethekile, sniper izibhamu futhi carbines ongakhetha Gw.98. Ngenxa yale njongo, thina zithathwa izikhali endinganisweni ifektri eziningi. Ukuze ukhethe ukudubula ezimweni "okuvamile". AmaJalimane esetshenziswa ukwenza amachashazi SME ngensimbi core ( «E» - Eisenkern).

Ikakhulukazi lokudutshulwa ngo-1939, yayilokhu yokutholwa ukuze telescopic emehlweni ZF39. Ngemva konyaka, ochwepheshe baye bathuthukisa ngokungeza lenani kuze kufinyelele 1200 amamitha ke. Ukubona yafakwa ngqo phezu kwesango, kulo lonke isakhiwo impi emehlweni washintsha ngokuphindaphindiwe.

izikophu okusha

Ngemva kwenyanga kugqashuka impi neSoviet Union ngo-July 1941, lathatha ZF41 oyisibonelo, izincwadi ngokuvamile atholakala ngaphansi amagama ZF40 futhi ZF41 / 1 kwavunyelwana. Kodwa carbines 98K nalezi amasayithi zaqala ukutheleka kuleli amaviyo Wehrmacht kuze kube sekupheleni konyaka. Izici kubo babe yizinkulungwane kunalokho zinesizotha futhi cartridges ejwayelekile "Mauser 98K" isikhathi sokuqala impi engakwazi okuhle kakhulu sokudubula ezinjalo.

Okokuqala, ngesikhathi ubude 13 amasentimitha x 1.5 Ububanzi inikeza ukwanda kuphela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, entabeni yakhe akuphumelelanga ukuze sina ebambezela inqubo ukulayisha kabusha izikhali. Ngenxa ukwanda lokudutshulwa ezimbi ZF40 wakhetha ukusebenzisa kuphela amabanga aphakathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umenzi kanye akazange afihle ukuthi carbine "Mauser 98K", okuyinto ifakwe mbono kufanele waqonda kuphela njengoba isikhali ukunemba okuphezulu, kodwa hhayi njengomuntu sniper "ithuluzi". Futhi ngenxa yokuthi ngo-1941 amaJalimane amaningi wasuka ZF41 ngezibhamu, kodwa ukukhiqizwa yabo wayesalokhu baqhubeka.

New telescopic ZF4 (43 / 43-1) kwaba emehlweni ... cishe ikhophi esiqondile izimpahla Soviet, kuyalungiswa ukuze yokukhiqiza ubuchwepheshe baseJalimane. Ukuze usungule ukukhiqizwa esitebeleni of a imodeli entsha Wehrmacht ayiphumelelanga, futhi Ukukhweza ngqo Mauser 98K Kalula nje wayengekho. Okuningi noma okuncane okwaziyo ethize kuphela ishanelwe entabeni, okuyinto futhi izinto eziningi ezanele akuzona ezinikezwa emasosheni.

Ezinye lokudutshulwa futhi wasebenzisa Opticotechna imodeli, Dialytan futhi Hensoldt & Soehne (ukwanda x4), kanye Carl Zeiss Jena Zielsechs. Lesi sakamuva kwaba eningi elite: eliphezulu, eqondile kakhulu wokugubha kanye nokwanda sixfold e ukusetshenziswa wavumela mbutho njengoba ngiphumelele ngempela sniper izikhali. Izazi-mlando zikholelwa ukuthi "yokukhanya" kwaba ifakwe ecishe ibe yizinkulungwane 200 ngezibhamu.

Ezinye Izici

Umbhede, ngaphezu izinga okusezingeni kakhulu yokukhiqiza (lapho isibhamu "Mauser 98K" e zezitsha jikelele), has simise ergonomic kakhulu ngaleso sikhathi. Butt plate nhlangothi zombili ngensimbi. It has a gumbi yokubeka izinto for ukunakekelwa izingalo, okuyinto ovala ichopho encane. Phambi kwebhokisi, ngokuqondile ngaphansi emgqonyeni, ibekwe induku wokuhlanza ukuze bahlanze futhi izinsizakalo isibhamu. I engavamile walesi "Mauser" ukuthi ramrods yayimane nje ezimbili :. 25 no-35, bheka Ukuhlanza carbine "Mauser 98K" edingekayo ngokuhlehlisa ndawonye.

Njengoba kunjalo nge "Trehlineykoy" ukuqedela carbines futhi ngezibhamu abangu insabule-imimese. AmaJalimane wasebenzisa SG imodeli 84/98, okwakukhona sifushane futhi ulula kunalokhu nalezo ezazisetshenziselwa ukwenza ikhithi nge Gw.98. Ngakho, nge obuphelele ingqikithi 38.5 cm, kwathiwa Blade 25 amasentimitha ubude.

On ngesidunu itholakala disc lensimbi umgodi, edlala indima esisebenzayo ikakhulukazi ngoba usebenzisa njengendlela stop phakathi Butt disassembly. Zonke izingxenye zensimbi we isibhamu kusetshenzwe kwethusi eliphucuziwe, esivikela kakhulu steel kusuka ukugqwala ezimweni ezinzima ensimini kubalulekile (ungqimba Fe3O4). Ngo-1944, onjiniyela German ushintshele ku-phosphate, njengoba kwakunjalo eshibhile futhi sinikele ukuvikela okungcono ngokumelene ukugqwala. Ngakho sakwazi ukunciphisa izindleko isibhamu "Mauser 98K" Izingxenye okuyinto kudingeka njalo ngaphambili.

Extras

Ukuze sandise amakhono ukulwa we isibhamu enkonzweni nomlomo amabhomu Sokuqalisa kwavunyelwana isikhathi sokuphonsa emgqonyeni amabhomu, kanye umlomo wombhobho ekhethekile lwalugobile nomlilo kusuka ngemuva ekhoneni.

amabhomu iziqhumane

Ewufanele ehlukile incazelo amabhomu imodeli Gewehrgranat Geraet 42. Mount Mauser 98K - ngensimbi ngocingo. Kokudubula uhla izimo ezikahle, kwaba ngu-250 metres. umkhakha German kulo lonke impi ekhiqizwa izinhlobo okungenani eziyisikhombisa amabhomu ezinhlobo ezehlukene futhi izinjongo. Ikakhulukazi parachutists 'Waffen SS' imodeli yasungulwa GG / P40, owawungumnyaka lighter kulula ukusingatha.

Ngokungafani isiqhumane ejwayelekile, P40 ukuthi exhunywe isibhamu sengathi insabule, futhi ezikhathalela kakhulu ziphoqa ekulweni ukukhanya izimoto armored ukuhlambalaza kwesitha sayo, futhi lokuhlushwa kwamasosha ayizitha.

Nozzle ngokudubula kusuka ekhoneni

Nozzle Krummlauf imodeli yasungulwa ngo-1943, lapho amaJalimane Ngaqala ukuba nezinkinga ezimweni impi ezisemadolobheni. Langisiza ukuba umlilo, hhayi elincike aphume ekhoneni lesi sakhiwo. Le divayisi enamathiselwe futhi esebenzisa izibopho. Kuyathakazelisa ukwazi ukuthi usebenzela Krummlauf wanika inqubekelaphambili ebonakalayo kokusungulwa lokuqala prototype nokuhlanganisa isibhamu, owathatha ngemva carbine ngemva kweMpi Yezwe II.

Lokhu kungenzeka futhi isiphetho. Nokho, ingabe uyazi ukuthi kungakanani manje kuwufanele "Mauser 98K"? Inani carbine ezweni lethu ongafinyelela afinyelela ku-ruble ayizigidi 50-60, okuyinto abazingeli namanje abazange badikibale futhi abaqoqi! Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi phesheya intengo yale ncwadi ezingavamile onesizotha okuningi.

Lena kwaphawuleka ngokukhethekile lapho kuqhathaniswa isimo lobuchwepheshe lokungena ukudayiswa izibhamu carbines. Uma esikhathini Melika efanayo kungenzeka ukuthenga "Mauser" cishe ifektri nivame kanye nazo zonke izinto zokuqala, emashalofini ekhaya ngokuvamile ubonakala ngokuthi "ababulewe?" Isikhali zingafundwa kuphela izinjongo lokuqoqa.