Lymphoid kanye nendzima yayo ephikisana yethu ezifweni

Nsuku zonke, umzimba womuntu ungakwazi ukubhekana Ukungena emzimbeni ezihlukahlukene ejenti angaphandle. nezilwanyana ezincane Pathogenic, amagciwane, isikhunta namagciwane uthole nathi ngokusebenzisa isikhumba ezilimele, lomgudu wokugaya ukudla bese nolwelwesi lwamafinyila ikhala nomphimbo futhi abangele izifo ezihlukahlukene. и в дословном переводе означает "освобождать от чего-нибудь") мы защищаемся от такого масштабного вторжения. Futhi kuphela sibonga amasosha omzimba (izwi sivela immunitas Latin futhi ngokwezwi nezwi lisho "ukukhulula kusuka lutho"), thina balimelela thina kusuka ezifana ayehlasela emikhulu. ukubaluleka Omkhulu udlalwa yi-lymphoid, okuyinto zasakazekela umzimba futhi esewonke 1% by isisindo yokukhula komzimba wonke. Ngakho kuyini?

definition

Omunye ezihlukahlukene ezicutshini lapho kukhona simiso macrophage nama-lymphocyte, ngokuthi lymph. Kungaba amelwe ifomu kwezitho ngabanye, futhi kungase kube ukuvele ingxenye isebenze umzimba. lymphoid ezitholakala izitho ezifana umnkantsha amathambo ubende, izindlala zamanzi kanye thymus. Kuzo isebenza parenchyma.

I mucosa ezinye iziphathimandla futhi wathola accumulations ka lymphoid - ze- bronchi, ngomgudu womchamo, izinso, amathumbu kwabanye.

imisebenzi

Kuzo zonke ukusabela ayisivikelo base ingxenye kuthatha lymph izicubu. Iqukethe lymphocyte, ama-macrophage, futhi ukuqhuma, plasma amaseli, insika sezitokisi, bese kuthi amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi ukuvikela umzimba kusuka ahlaselayo amaseli angaphandle kanye ukuhlanza amaseli ezilimele umzimba. Ukuze ukwakheka kwamaseli kwesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela ezifweni wemfanelo lymph node, thymus nezicubu (lymph) wamathumbu.

Uma isikhumba Ufika ezilimele igciwane noma igciwane, eseduze esizeni Ukungena engeyokuqala lymph amaseli Ukuvikelwa ukuphendula labelwe yochungechunge lymph kanye macrophage, okuyinto sishukumiseleka kanye lymph negazi ku ukuthola lendawo "ukhishwa inyumbazane." Esimeni ukuhlaselwa mass, lapho amabutho elilodwa isibambo lymph node ehluleka, lonke uhlelo esitshalweni amasosha omzimba.

isakhiwo

lymphoid ngokuvamile zisekelwa anezikhala of kwezintambo zesivikelo sesifuba reticular amaseli khulula. Inethiwekhi kungaba Ukwakheka mkhulu (ukwakha indwangu embozayo) noma okuxekethile (ne izikhala lapho amaseli khulula Ungahambisa ngokukhululekile). Le micu ngokwabo akhiwa uhlobo III kuyi-collagen.

ekuqongeleleni isikhala

Ezindaweni lapho ematfuba eliphezulu kakhulu ukuthi izinto eziphilayo alien ezibekwe accumulations enkulu lymphoid. amalaka Ezijwayelekile - lymphoid we pharynx ibekwe emngceleni ne ngalo ingaphakathi ngomlomo. Ziyakwazi pharyngeal, LasePalatine, tube futhi guttural. Ukuqoqwa zonke izindawo amalaka futhi lymphoid iyona nasopharynx.

Umsebenzi wayo kubalulekile kakhulu empilweni yethu, ngoba neutralizes falling ngomlomo kanye nekhala amagciwane. Futhi kanye izidumbu eziqukethe lymphoid ivumela ukwakheka inombolo oyifunayo lymphocyte wonke umzimba.

Kodwa kungagcini, lymphoid emphinjeni baxhumana nezindlala endocrine (adrenal, yegilo, thymus, amanyikwe), ukwakha ubuhlobo obuseduze nobani, "i-pituitary - cortex adrenal - izicubu lymph" ukuze ukuthomba wengane.

Kuyini hypertrophy

Ingane eneminyaka emithathu kuya kweyishumi angagcina hypertrophy we lymphoid ka amalaka, kanye nokusebenza it is hhayi aphule. Kuphela ukuqala ukuthomba izicubu hypertrophied iqala ukuze wehlise.

Angazi ngempela ukuthi yini ehilelekile kule nqubo, kodwa izimbangela uzakuthathwa - ukuvuvukala umphimbo noma ukungenwa amagciwane, kwempilo endocrine. Hypertrophy kungaholela inflammations njalo noma izinguquko sokugembula ezindlebeni, ekhaleni, emphinjeni.

Uma ziphazamiseke kwezimila acinene, buthaka ukupholisa. Kamuva kuholela izinguquko egazini - elithwala umoya-mpilo futhi abomvu egazi count yehlile, emangqamuzaneni egazi amhlophe bese nande. Ngokulandelayo, ziqala ukuyeka lo wokugaya ukudla ipheshana umsebenzi, yegilo indlala, izindlala adrenal. Ukwephula zonke izinqubo kuholela ukubambezeleka ukukhula nokuthuthuka ngokocansi ingane.

Kuyini Hyperplasia

Igama elithi "Hyperplasia" beza kithi kusukela ngolimi lwesiGreki kanye kusho sverhobrazovanie. Enkabeni yalo a zokugula lapho amaseli baqale ngokushesha nande, nekwandzisa umtsamo izicubu.

Kodwa Hyperplasia ka lymphoid - akusona isifo kodwa uphawu. Impendulo umzimba ukuvela ngegciwane noma ukuvuvukala emzimbeni. Ngaphandle, lokhu kwaphawuleka ngokukhethekile e-lymph. Kukhona izinhlobo ezintathu Hyperplasia of izindlala zamanzi:

1. Ezithathelwanayo. Impendulo athonywe ukutheleleka kuholela ekwakhekeni kwama-lymphocyte futhi macrophage ikumodi okusheshayo, lokhu kubangela ukukhula lymphoid.
2. Esisheshayo. Ama-bacterium namagciwane singene node-lymph, lapho ithola imikhiqizo yabo imfucuza, ubuthi ethakwa yibo, okubangela yena, kuyinto asebenzayo Ukukhetha macrophage amaseli.
3. Ebulalayo. Kule nqubo, kungenzeka iyiphi sokugembula lymph node amaseli abathintekayo, okuholela ushintsho lingakanani, ukuma struktuy.

lymphoid - kwenye yezingxenye ezibaluleke kakhulu kwesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela ezifweni ilungu elithile lomzimba wethu. It kusiza ukuvimbela izifo eziningi ngaphambi kokuthi izifo ngaphakathi ngokudla nangokwenama emoyeni. It senze neminye imisebenzi, indlela okuyinto kuze kube sekupheleni futhi engakaze wafunda.

Ngezinye izikhathi lymphoid iba elikhanyayo, futhi kukhona izifo ezifana appendicitis, namathansela nabanye (kuncike kwasendaweni izicubu ye-lymph). Isikhathi esining impela ezimweni ezinjalo, odokotela iphendukele izindlela kuhlinzwa yokwelashwa, ngamanye amazwi, susa le ndawo ethintekile noma sitho. Njengoba bonke imisebenzi izakhiwo lymph Awaziwa ngokugcwele, akunakwenzeka ngokuphelele ukuphikisana ngokuthi ukususwa esinjalo asisho ukuthi akudingeki ukulimaza umzimba womuntu.