Lokho alethwe Rus Battle of Kulikovo

Battle of Kulikovo kwaba lokugcina ngxabano ezinzima Temnik Mamaia futhi Prince uDmitry Ivanovich. Ukulungiselela yeRussia baya empini jikelele nge ibutho owaqala ngokuvukela ukubusa esihlalweni sobukhosi eMoscow Prince uDmitry Ivanovich. Zolotaya Orda phakathi kwekhulu XIV lase kakhulu buthaka amabili eminyaka yesiphithiphithi. Lokhu kwaqala lapho Khan Berdibek lokubulala uyise nabafowabo, njengoba Berdibek yena wabulawa eminyakeni emibili kamuva e 1339 umfowabo, amashumi amabili eminyaka sobukhosi Ordynsky indawo engaphezu kuka-20 kwababusi. Smoot wayephezu liqala ukubusa, Khan Tokhtamysh. Phakathi Nezinkinga ukuthi ukugibela Temnik Mamaia, engesiyo indlalifa esisemthethweni, ayikwazanga ukugumbuqela umbuso ku zidlamlilo.

Khona-ke Mamai waphenduka amehlo akhe maqondana eRussia, okuyinto wafuna ukudala isimo sabo siqu. Emva ukuhlangana ibutho elikhulu, wacela ukuqhubela Prince uDmitry Ivanovich ukuba ikhokhe intela, okungafaniswa okuyinto Russia ngaphambilini ikhokhwe ababusi Golden. Ekuqaleni, isikhulu engafuni ukukhokhela umama, ukwazi isimo salo sangempela. Nokho, ukuqhathanisa amandla amabutho uKhan BakaJehova futhi wabona ukuthi umama okwamanje namandla uncamela ukukhokha igolide, kuka izimpilo zabantu zabo. Nokho, zidlamlilo Temnik akazange aneliseke inkokhiso, futhi baqala ukulungiselela umkhankaso omusha, yalahla iRussia.

Dmitry banquma ukulungiselela ukumelana nayo. Ukubutha amabutho kwaqala ngo-August 1380, amabutho abangu bagxila emzini Kolomna. Agasti 26 Ibutho Russian wathutha emkhankasweni. Ekuqaleni le nhlangano kwaba umzila ngomfula. Oka, eduze esizalweni somfula. amabutho Lopasnya wawela uMfula Oka saya eningizimu umthombo Don. Isidingo umzila enjalo bahlathulula isifiso ukwehlukana ibutho AmaTatar naseLithuania, kanye ukwenqena ukuhamba nobutha Ryazan umhlaba. Ryazan ngaleso sikhathi kwakuwukuthola ohlangothini Mamaia.

Kulikovo Field itholakala ephakathi kwemifula uDon Nepryadva, landscape yayo afanelekile kakhulu impi. Amaxhaphozi futhi ezinhlangothini ezinamahlathi akuvumelekile ukusetshenziswa isikhala asebenzayo Tartar nalawo agibela amahhashi. amabutho Russian efakwe impi iyahola wema unogada ibutho yakhelwe kuphela tie ukulwa, esikhundleni amabutho-Mongolian ngaphansi umlilo abacibishelayo isiRashiya, bese ngokushesha ashona. Ukuze yabalindi eziphambili wema ibutho, okuyinto bekumele buthaka igalelo kuqala ngaphambi kokuya impi impi enkulu. Umugqa wesithathu kwaba ibutho elikhulu, okuyinto obekumele ukuthi zilawule lonke babekezelela amaMongol-Tatar ibutho. Amaphiko zafakwa emashalofini kwesokunxele nezandla kwesokudla. Ngo umugqa encane ukudoba abaqamekeli ezifihliwe ibutho, eyayiholwa i umbusi abanolwazi Dmitry Bobrok isosha-naseVolyn.

Battle of Kulikovo waqala 8 Septhemba 1380. Le mpi ukubeka Peresvet umdlalo indela neqhawe-Mongolian Chelubey, okwaholela ekufeni kwabantu ababili. Tatar abakhwele amahhashi ehlaselwa isikhungo, aphihliza yabalindi ezisashisa emashalofini, wachitha amahora amathathu uzama ukuvikela a ibutho elikhulu. Khona-ke Mamay otshayayo wesibili flank ngakwesokunxele, ephoqa uDmitry Ivanovich ayifake isinyathelo esiqiwini lokuqala, kodwa, akakwazanga ukumelana ukumelana amaTatar, lwaphuka flank kwesokunxele bese amasosha Russian kwasala kancane imvelo. Ngaso sona isikhatheso esingalindelekile igalelo abaqamekeli ibutho uye wahlupheka, linqume umphumela impi, ukuvula ibutho-Mongolian abaleka. amabutho Russian namanje amakhilomitha ezingaphezu kwamashumi amahlanu enophephela Tatar amabutho, impi enqobile ngakho phezu Kulikovo ensimini usuphethiwe.

Imiphumela Battle of Kulikov ayikwazi overestimated. Kwakuwusuku ukuqala kwenkathi yokuphela kwezwe ejokeni Mongol-Tatar. Ngemva kwakhe iminyaka emibili, kwaze kwaba umkhankaso Tokhtamysh ku Moscow, okuyinto wathatha ngosizo izithembiso ezingesilo iqiniso abathengisi Novgorod, Russia akazange ngincome zidlamlilo. Kodwa ngisho nangemva kokuba inkokhelo kwaqala okunemibandela ngaphezulu. Ukungenelwa Mamaia phezu kwezwe Russian labhujiswa ngokuphelele Russia, turning kube iqulo Mamaia, okuyinto, sikwazile ukufeza ukuqashelwa ezweni lakubo, wanquma ukuba abe umbusi kwenye. Battle of Kulikovo futhi wenqaba siqine uDmitry Ivanovich, wethiwa ngemva kwempi - Don wabonisa amandla zidlamlilo izikhali Russian.

Unyaka ka-Battle of Kulikov Waba isiqalo, ngemva kwalokho amaMongol ayisekho nitinikele ukungena ukukulungisa okukhululekile Russia. Battle of Kulikovo zibe nomthelela omkhulu phezu ngiqaphele abantu isiRashiya, ababeqonda ukuthi AmaTatar kungenzeka nje kuphela, kodwa futhi kudingeke sinqobe.

iminyaka ncamashi eziyikhulu namashumi Russia Ucabangelé ngokusemthethweni ukuba ngaphansi kwesizwe iGolden zidlamlilo, okuyinto uhulumeni kuqede ngxabano okukhulu ku Ugra River, nakuba noyedwa amaqembu ayizange nesibindi empini asebenzayo, amaMongol bashiya yonke into.