Kuyini umculo we-opera, noma uhambo olufushane opera

Ngokuvamile ku opera isilaleli ongenalwazi elihlobene ne elikhulu umculo uqine amazwi, uveze amaqiniso njengoba enjalo, kunzima ukuqonda umbhalo. Njengomthetho, izilaleli zethamela Libretto, ukuqonda ukuthi yini kithi kusengozini. Kodwa abaningi abazi ukuthi lokhu mqondo ijule ngokungaphezulu. Kuyini opera? Ngo umculo, leli gama lisetshenziswa ukuze libhekisele ehlukahlukene ehlobene indima elihlukile umculo ekusebenzeni.

Umlando we-opera

Opera njengoba uhlobo wazalelwa e-Italy, emuva lé ekhulwini weshumi nanhlanu. Yayiyingxenye ukusebenza ezigcawugcawu izindikimba zenkolo, umculo ukuthi idlala indima yesibili. Kamuva, kwakukhona iculo wokwelusa sung ikakhulukazi kanyekanye futhi wenza e productions, ohambisana isinyathelo abaculi. Futhi ngemva kwamakhulu kuphela amatiyetha aseqalile ukusebenzisa ukusebenza imisebenzi solo - kubhekwa ukuzalwa uhlobo, ngokuthi "opera zomculo".

Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-opera

Ekuqaleni bomculo ayethanda ngokuthi uhlobo olusha lapho basebenza, idrama zomculo, kodwa igama elithi "opera" ubonakele ekhulwini lesikhombisa. Empeleni leli hholo lokuqala, abasebenza kule uhlobo bavele ngaphambi nengxenye yokuqala yekhulu nesikhombisa, ubuciko abanolwazi YaseVenice. esiphakeme izikhulu kuphela wayesengaba kulo ukubukwa izilaleli. Opera umculo maduzane waya nangale kwemingcele Italy, kuyoshaya ku iningi amazwe aseYurophu. Kwaphela isigamu sekhulu leminyaka ivule amatiyetha ayisikhombisa, okungamehlo baqashwe amane abaqambi.

opera Russian

Russia watadisha into entsha ngokungathandi kakhulu futhi nge ukubambezeleka okukhulu. Kuyini umculo we-opera, yinkantolo Empress Anny Ioannovny neyaziwayo kuphela ngekhulu weshumi nesishiyagalombili, nalapho leliya lizwe wavakashelwa abadlali Italy. umsebenzi waseRussia kuqala lolu hlobo ( "Amandla Ngothando Nangenzondo") kuhunyushwe kusukela French. Iminyaka engamashumi amabili-ke wathatha ukuqinisekisa ukuthi opera isiRashiya lalotshwa.

opera ukufakwa kwezimayini kuhulumeni

Mikhail Glinka - ngokungangabazeki umqambi brilliant owenze okuningi sokuthuthukiswa umculo eRussia. Wenza konke okusemandleni akhe ukuba sibonise imisebenzi yabo umlingisi kazwelonke, ukukhombisa umphefumulo kubantu Russian. opera Glinka yabonakala e-Italy, lapho afundela khona umculo, kodwa ngisho amagama abo ( "Ivan Susanin", "Ruslan futhi ULyudmila") lisikisela ukuthi umqambi noma kunjalo akazange ufuna ukuyeka nezimpande zawo phansi. Okumangazayo ukuthi Glinka wathatha ingxenye ukubhala Libretto, akazange esabe inselelo canons, ukushintsha isimo yakhe ngaphambi kwemisebenzi yamandulo wayengesabi uzizamele umculo wabo. Wasebenzisa amathuluzi amasha kulo itholakala kuphela imikhiqizo European. Glinka waba umthombo ugqozi for enjalo bomculo abadumile njengoba Berlioz futhi Weber, kamuva waboleka abanye imibono Wagner.

continuator

Ngemva impumelelo opera Glinka sika ayisaxhunyanisiwe kwakubonakala alien ngakho ukuba uhlobo Russian. Abaningi bomculo abadumile baye bazama esandleni sabo kulesi uhlobo nzima, yayiphumula, futhi Rimsky-Korsakov. Opera we umculi wazizwa magic, wambiza Umxoxi yena. Isizathu lokubuyekezwa enjalo evumayo khona ithalente emangalisayo njengoba umculi, owayenganikela ukudala emisebenzini yakhe umoya namaqiniso ngokumangalisayo. Kodwa ngokushesha kakhulu wabonisa ukuthi uyakwazi hhayi kuphela okuzobe kudlalelwa inganekwane. Opera "Mozart kanye Salieri" wabonisa ekuthuthukiseni abantu, ubunjalo ziyangqubuzana izinhlamvu, ukudideka imizwa nemizwelo kwezinhlamvu. Kubonakala, Rimsky-Korsakov empandeni Russia waphenduka umqondo wokuthi opera yilona umculo, ukudala imisebenzi eziyingqayizivele nanhlanu, eyangena umlando art emhlabeni.

opera ibinzana

Uhlobo Opera kungamangalisi ukuthi kuhlanganisa tincenye Classic idrama waseshashalazini kanye nobuciko bokusina, ngokuvamile omelelwa ballet, lapho engezwa umculo amazing ibutho kungekho vocals kancane yesiteleka. Kuyinto engenakwenzeka ucabange opera ngaphandle Arias. Aria - kuyafana ukuthi lyrical umsebenzi wedwa. Usebenzela ukuqinisekisa ukuthi iqhawe wakwazi ukuvula imicabango nemizwa yakhe, ukutshela ngesimo sabo okwenzekayo. Igama elithi "aria" evela "umoya" isiNtaliyane, lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ibinzana zomculo lonke sung umoya. Abacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi le ndlela kunikeza idrama kwenzekani enkundleni. Kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo eziningi Arias kakade ayebadlula izinga scene ezigcawugcawu. Ngokwesibonelo, i-aria kusukela opera "UCarmen" ku analogue Russian yesitatimende eqala ngamazwi athi "sithanda nanjengezinyoni ezibanjwa amaphiko", nje kuphela abathandi art, kodwa futhi abantu abavamile. Kuyefana nasendleleni enjalo owaziwa izingcezu umculo, njengoba aria kusukela "Ukuhlanganiswa Figaro" (umusho zazo "Figaro lapha, Figaro khona" luye lwaba cruise), noma "Inhliziyo wobuhle ivame ukushintsha" kusukela "Rigoletto".

isiphetho

Opera - omunye okurarako futhi impikiswano izinhlobo zomculo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, akunakwenzeka ubunyoninco inhlanganisela ephelele ngesakhiwo okukhulu, umculo, amazwi anamandla nezindawo emangalisayo. Kodwa ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngezinye izikhathi kubonakala kunzima kakhulu ukuba siqonde isilaleli ungakulungele. Kodwa kubalulekile ukuba ikhokhe intela: emhlabeni akekho omunye uhlobo, ngakho ngokuvumelanayo ngokuhlanganisa zonke izinto okuyiwona wayekwazisa ethiyetha. Kuyini opera yomculo? Kuyinto fount engapheli imizwa nemizwelo yembethe umsindo, ayanda ezingeni kahle umqambi, owakwazi ihlanganise emsebenzini wakhe emhlabeni wonke, ebabonisa imininingwane yayo encane kunazo zonke nomsindo izinsimbi zomculo. Alukho uhlobo, belingana yayo opera nokubaluleka isikhathi, okuyinto kungani likufanele wokwenama nokuhlonipha izilaleli.