Kuyini isipelingi? Wonke umuntu ubuza lo mbuzo esikoleni. Noma kunjalo, kunzima kakhulu ukuqonda ngokugcwele lokho okukulo mqondo. Ake sizame ukuqonda.
Ngakho-ke, ukupela isipelingi kubizwa ngokuthi yiqoqo lemithetho enquma imithetho yokudluliselwa kwamagama nemisho encwadini usebenzisa uhlelo lwezimpawu. Umsebenzi oyinhloko wokupela isipelingi ukudala imithetho evamile ngokubhala amagama omuntu ngamunye ukuze enze ukukhulumisana kuzwakala kwezinye izikhulumi zomdabu zelwimi oluthile. Njengoba i-orthography ibonakala ngesikhathi esifanayo ngokubhala, yilokho okubhaliwe okuthonya imithetho yalo eyisisekelo. Ukupela ngezilimi ezahlukene kwakhiwe ngezimiso ezahlukene - kwi-phonetic, morphological and semantic, kodwa ngaphezulu ngalokhu kamuva.
Umlando wokupela isipelingi saseRussia
Ukuze uqonde kangcono ukuthi isipelingi solimi lwesiRussia, udinga ukufunda amaqiniso ambalwa emlandweni wawo. Isisekelo sehlukumezi zanamuhla zaseRussia yizinhlamvu zamaCyrillic, ezazisetshenziswa amaSlav asendulo. Ngokusho kwezinganekwane, ama-Cyrillic alfabhethi asungulwa isithunywa sevangeli samaGreki ukuze ashumayele ubuKristu emazweni aseSlavic. Kamuva, izinhlamvu zamaCyrillic zaqala ukubhala imibhalo yesandla. Ekhulwini le-18, uPeter Omkhulu wavela ngezinhlamvu zomphakathi, kamuva, ngo-1917, kwenziwa izinguquko zesipelingi. Emashumini ambalwa eminyaka kamuva, ngo-1956, imithetho emisha yayala - "Imithetho yokupela isipelingi saseRussia kanye nezimpawu zokubhala."
Kuyini isipelingi: izimiso zokupela isipelingi
1) Isimiso somqondo. Iqukethe ukusetha ukubhala ngokujwayelekile kwe-morphemes ethize, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umehluko we-fonetiki ekukhulumeni kwawo. Lesi simiso sibonakala ngezinga eliphakeme lokubaluleka. Ukupela isipelingi kubhekwa njengento ephelele futhi ethembisayo kunabanye. Qaphela ukuthi isipelingi saseRussia sakhiwe ngesisekelo somthetho we-morpheme.
2) Isimiso sefontiki. Lo mlingisi wokwakhiwa kwesipelingi ugxile ekulimeni. Amazwi, ngokusho kwakhe, alotshiwe njengoba ashiwo. Isipelingi esiphelele singafinyelelwa ngokuqokwa jikelele kwemisindo ethile. Uma ulimi lwakhiwe ngesisekelo sokupela isipelingi, kunzima kakhulu ukulandela ukubiza amagama encwadini. Kunombono wokuthi wonke umuntu uzwa izwi ngendlela yakhe, ngakho-ke uma isipelingi sisekelwe kuphela kumgomo we-phonetic, akunakwenzeka ukufeza ukufana kwawo.
3) Isimiso somlando. Ngokusho kwakhe, udinga ukubhala njengoba ubhale ngaphambili, okungukuthi, lesi simiso sokupela isipelingi singabizwa ngokuthi wendabuko.
Kukhona isimiso esihlukanisayo, okuzohlukanisa nokubhala okungafani uma ukubiza. Isetshenziswe kakhulu lapho ihlukanisa ama-homonyms noma ama-homophones, isibonelo.
Namuhla ungabheka isipelingi sombhalo ngisho naku-Inthanethi. Uhlelo lwemithetho yokubhala amagama luye lwayalelwa isikhathi eside, futhi ochwepheshe baye badala inqwaba yezinhlelo ezingasiza ekuvimbeleni amaphutha. Imithetho eyisipelingi yesipelingi ingatholakala futhi ezincwadini zokufunda zesiRussia, okungenzeka ukuthi zazingathandeki ezikhathini zesikole. Bafunde futhi kusukela ekucaleni kuze kube sekhava, funda lesi sihloko, futhi umbuzo othi "yiliphi isipelingi" kuzophela nhlobo.