Kuyini amafonethiki

Umbuzo "Kuyini amafonethiki?" Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ubhekene zonke abafundile indoda yesimanje. Kungani? Nokho, okokuqala, sciences ka amafonethiki futhi phonology yokuzenzisa wafunda ezikoleni zamabanga (ukujula - ezikhethekile), kuba ezindongeni izikole abafundi sebeqala ukufundisa indlela efanele yokubiza amagama imisindo.

Okwesibili, ngokuvamile umbuzo "Kuyini amafonethiki nhlobo?" Sikucela othisha, nje ukubhalisela i-ethandwa namuhla olunye ulimi izifundo.

Ngizozama ukuphendula lo mbuzo ngemininingwane enkulu, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo ngendlela elula futhi kuyaqondakala. Ukuze kube lula, isihloko uzobe ihlukaniswe izingxenye eziningana.

1. Ifonetikisi futhi phonology - amagatsha wesayensi yezilimi yesimanje

Ngo yezilimi zanamuhla isici ifonotiki kolimi ngokuvamile kubhekwa ezicini ezimbili eziyinhloko: i-acoustic-articular (ngokuya amafonethiki) futhi ukusebenza (ngokuya phonology). Iyunithi amafonethiki kuyinto umsindo, phonology - the phoneme.

isici Ifonetiki kuhilela ekutadisheni imisindo kusukela acoustic-articulatory izikhundla, okusho Liphendula umbuzo kanjani akhiwa imisindo ukuthi kufanele ixoxe kanjani izitho zokukhuluma enqubeni lokhulumayo.

Umsindo wenkulumo ososayensi, izazi zolimi lichazwa ngokuthi iyunithi ubuncane circuit inkulumo, okuyizinto umphumela ukuhambisana eziyinkimbinkimbi imisebenzi womuntu. Babuye elinesimo izakhiwo ezithile acoustic kanye nendlela labona ngayo tintfo (elihlobene ne bezibona inkulumo). isici Imphimiso wokutadisha ohlangothini langempela kwezilimi phoneme futhi ukuthi yini ukusebenza ke wenza enqubeni zokuxhumana.

2. Kuyini amafonethiki? Amagatsha eyinhloko isayensi

Ifonetikisi - isifundo esiphathelene aspect umsindo ulimi. Kodwa akulona nje ekufundiseni imisindo, njengoba kukholelwa kanjalo ngokuvamile. Ifonetikisi libona futhi buviyoviyo, nokugqamisa, amaqoqo ezinhlamvu zikhawu. Kodwa into eyinhloko ucwaningo Namanje eshicilelwe umsindo womuntu, izindlela kumiswa zabo nezindawo acoustic, amaphethini izinguquko umsindo, kanye indima imisindo ngolimi njengoba wokuxhumana.

amayunithi eziyisisekelo amafonethiki, delaminate kusukela ukuzwakala inkulumo, ngokuthi komugqa (ingxenye). Lezi zihlanganisa:

• umsindo;
• uhlamvu;
• unhlangothi;
• izwi ifonotiki;
• ibinzana.

Kodwa kukhona supersegmentnye: ukucindezeleka, phumula, buviyoviyo. Zenza out kakade ukuzwakala inkulumo, ekusizeni ukwenza kube bazwakale.

3. Ifonetikisi futhi orthoepy

Ngaphansi Orthoepy kufanele baqonde isifundiso kwezinkambiso yokukhuluma, imithetho ezikhethekile ezisebenza hhayi kuphela yokubiza imisindo ngabanye, kodwa futhi inhlanganisela yawo. Isayensi kwathinta amaphethini ekukhiqizeni ukucindezeleka.

Ethula kuyinsakavukela okubhekiselwe yokubiza ezahlukeneyo, okuyinto kuphela kungenzeka egameni elithi inikezwe. It kulingana kokubili uhlelo pronunciation kanye nemithetho eyisisekelo ukuthuthukiswa ngolimi oluthile.

kwezinkambiso Ethula zihlanganisa uhlelo ifonotiki elulwimini, okungukuthi ukwakheka zihlukaniswa zanamuhla ulimi phonemes, izinga lokuphila kwabo kanye nezinguquko ezenzeka izikhundla ezithile ifonotiki. Orthoepy sihlanganisa yokubiza amafomu ngabanye nokusetshenziswa kolimi.

Kufanele sinake iqiniso lokuthi lokhu isayensi awubhekene, isibonelo, isici okufana esibalulekile ngenkulumo ngomlomo njengoba silulumagama. Abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi, bathi, ukugeleza futhi Burr nazo amagatsha ahlukene wesayensi yezilimi. Lena edukisayo. Izinkinga silulumagama ucabangela imithi. Kungani? Ngenxa ngemcondvo umuntu ungaba silulumagama ephelele, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo ngokuphelele ongenawo pronunciation etemibhalo.

Ngicabanga wakwazi ukuphendula lokhu ekuqaleni isihloko umbuzo yini phonology, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ngakwazi ukuchaza futhi ukufakazela abafundi ukuthi angikwazanga angaba khona ngaphandle kolwazi lolimi. Ngaphandle kwayo, nakanjani sebeyekile ukuthuthukiswa kunoma yimuphi umphakathi, ubuciko, kwezobuchwepheshe nesayensi. Ikhono lokuveza imicabango ngokomfanekiso, ngokunembile futhi ngokucacile alinikwa ngokwemvelo, kuyinto amakhono kuyosho ukuthi kufanele ufunde isikhathi eside, ngesineke baphikelele. Ukufunda ulimi kusiza labo abafuna ukubhala futhi ukukhuluma kangcono, ngoba ukuze baveze imicabango, kubalulekile ukwazi lapho eyolanda amazwi kudingekile kakhulu futhi enembile.