Kirill mina Mefody: Biography emfushane, amaqiniso athakazelisayo biography, ukudalwa kwe-Slavic alfabhethi

UCyril noMethodius, ogama biography is okungenani kafushane yibo bonke abantu okhuluma isiRashiya, kwaba uthisha omkhulu. Zasungula iqoqo zamagama izizwe Slavic kuka immortalized igama lakhe.

umsuka Greek

Laba bazalwane ababili bona babedabuka emzini Thessaloniki. Ngo imithombo Slavic ukugcina igama elidala yendabuko Solon. Bazalwa emndenini yesisebenti yimpumelelo owakhonza ngaphansi umbusi wesifundazwe. UCyril wazalwa ngonyaka 827 noMethodius - 815-m.

Ngenxa yokuthi amaGreki owayazi ulimi kahle Slavic, abanye abacwaningi baye bazama ukuqinisekisa conjecture ngemvelaphi yabo Slavic. Nokho, ukwenza kube ngakho akekho futhi kuhlulekile. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isibonelo eBulgaria, othisha bathi baseBulgaria (kukhona futhi zisebenzisa izinhlamvu zamagama zesiCyrillic).

ochwepheshe ulimi lwesiSlavic

ulwazi neziLimi amaGreki yizicukuthwane zingachazwa ngezinqubo umlando eThesalonika. Kule nkathi zabo umuzi wawuyigolide ukukhuluma izilimi ezimbili. Kube yayikhona lwesigodi zolimi Slavic. Ukumikiswa besizwe safinyelela umngcele wayo oseningizimu, wangcwatshwa e-Aegean Sea.

LwamaSlav Okokuqala kwakufanele amaqaba futhi wahlala ngaphansi kohlelo tribal, kanye nomakhelwane babo, amaJalimane. Nokho, labo abangaphandle abasenza sahlala imingcele woMbuso WaseByzantium, yawela emzileni ithonya amasiko alo. Abaningi babo baye bakha koloni emazweni aseBalkan, ekubeni Amasosha umbusi omkhulu waseConstantinople. Namandla kwaba khona kwabo eThesalonika, wazalwa kuphi futhi Kirill mina Mefody. ekuqaleni Biography babazalwane bahamba ezindleleni zabo ehlukile.

abazalwane umsebenzi wezwe

NoMethodius (emhlabeni ogama lakhe lalingu-Michael) baba ezempi wasukuma ukuze elisezingeni kusho owaleli sifundazwe eMakedoniya. Wakwenza ngenxa amakhono abo, kanye ukusekelwa i courtier enethonya Teoctist. UCyril kusukela zisencane ukwenza isayensi, futhi wafundelwa isiko zezizwe ezingomakhelwane. Ngisho ngaphambi waya eMoravia, ukuze baba emhlabeni odumile, Constantine (igama izifungo izindela) laqala ukuhumusha isahluko iVangeli ngolimi Slavic.

Ngaphandle yezilimi uCyril wafunda geometry, dialectics, izibalo, isayensi yezinkanyezi mpendulo nefilosofi kusukela Ochwepheshe best iConstantinople. Ngenxa yomsuka wawo ezihloniphekayo, wayekwazi ukuzibala ku emshadweni ahlukile futhi kwahulumeni ku echelons ephakeme kwamandla. Kodwa le nsizwa wayengafuni uthola isiphetho esinjena, waba ngumlindi umtapo ethempelini eyinhloko yezwe - Hagia Sophia. Kodwa ngisho nalapho ayizange ihlale isikhathi eside, futhi ngokushesha waqala ukufundisa eMoscow University. Ngenxa yokunqoba izihlakaniphi mpikiswano zefilosofi, yena wethiwa the sefilosofi, ngezinye izikhathi kuvela imithombo historiographical.

UCyril wayejwayelene umbusi, ngisho Yaya esabelweni sakhe kuze kube Umbusi wamaSulumane. Ngo 856, yena neqembu labafundi bafike endaweni wezindela in the Olympus Lesser, lapho phakathi kwakhe nomfowabo sasiwukuthi wesigodlo. Kwaba kukhona ukuthi Kirill mina Mefody, ogama biography olwase exhunywe nebandla, wanquma ukwenza zamagama ngoba lwamaSlav.

Ukuhumusha izincwadi zobuKristu olimini Slavic

Ngo-862, ngemuva kokuthi uPrince Rostislav yaseMoravia efika eConstantinople. Anikeza kuKesari umlayezo ovela umbusi wabo. Rostislav ebuzwa amaGreki amnike kwezifundiswa ngubani akwazi ukufundisa ukholo lobuKristu Slavic ngolimi lwabo. Nalombhaphathizo isizwe kwenzeka ngaphambi kwalokhu, kodwa umsebenzi ngamunye eyayiqhutshelwa ulimi angalwazi, owawungumnyaka ungakhululekile kakhulu. UMphathi futhi uMbusi waxoxa isicelo nomunye futhi banquma ukucela abazalwane eThesalonika waya eMoravia.

UCyril, uMethodius abafundi babo baqala umsebenzi omkhulu. Izinga loLimi Lokuqala, okuyinto kuhunyushwe izincwadi zobuKristu eziyisisekelo baba Bulgarian. Biography of uCyril noMethodius, sifinyeto okuyinto emlandweni ebhukwinitifundvo ngamunye Slavic, eyaziwa umsebenzi omkhulu abazalwane Psalter, Epistle bese iVangeli.

Okuhambayo eMoravia

Abashumayeli ziye zaya eMoravia, lapho zaziyiminyaka engamakhulu amathathu inkonzo, futhi wafundisa abantu ukufunda nokubhala. Imizamo yabo wasiza umbhaphathizo baseBulgaria, okwenzeka ngonyaka 864. Babevame nokuya njalo esikhungweni yaseTranscarpathia Rus futhi Pannonia, okuyinto washo amazwi afanayo okuncoma kokholo lobuKristu Izilimi zesiSlavic. UCyril noMethodius, Biography emfushane kuhlanganisa abaningi travel yonke indawo ukuba balalelisise ukuthola izithameli.

Ngisho eMoravia babenesifiso ezingqubuzana abapristi German ababelapho nge efanayo umsebenzi wezithunywa zevangeli. Umehluko phakathi kwe wabo ukwenqena amaKatolika ukuhola yokukhulekela e nolimi lwamaSlav. Lesi sikhundla sasekelwa eSontweni LamaRoma. Le nhlangano ukholelwa ukuthi nodumo kuNkulunkulu kungaba ngezilimi ezintathu: Latin, isiGreki nesiHebheru. Lolusiko sekuneminyaka amakhulu amaningi eminyaka.

Koqhekeko olukhulu phakathi kwamaKatolika Orthodox akukenzeki, ngakho uPapa namanje luwuthinte abapristi ngesiGreki. Wabiza abafowethu e-Italy. Futhi ukuza eRoma ukuvikela isikhundla sakhe futhi oblagorazumit amaJalimane eMoravia.

Abazalwane baseRoma

UCyril noMethodius, ogama biography udunyiswa namaKatolika, wafika Adrian II 868. Weza ebucayini kwamaGreki wavumelana kwabo lwamaSlav kungaholela yokukhulekela ngezilimi zabo zomdabu. Morava (okhokho amaCzech namaRomany) babhapathizwa ababhishobhi baseRoma, unjalo ngokusemthethweni engaphansi kwe uPapa.

Nakuba e-Italy, Constantine wagula kakhulu. Lapho eqaphela ukuthi yayizokufa, ngesiGreki wathatha schema futhi wathola igama wezindela uCyril, naye waziwa ngo historiography nememori ethandwa. Lapho esezokufa yakhe, wacela umfowabo hhayi ukushiya umsebenzi jikelele ezemfundo, futhi ukuze aqhubeke nenkonzo yakhe phakathi lwamaSlav.

Baqhubeka beshumayela noMethodius

Kirill mina Mefody, Biography iDemo isici phathelana ohlonishwayo eMoravia phakathi nesikhathi sokuphila kwakhe. Lapho lo mzalwane etshela abasebasha emuva lapho, kwakuba lula kakhulu ukuba siqhubeke senza umsebenzi wabo kuka eminyakeni 8 edlule. Nokho, maduzane nje, isimo sesishintshile kuleli zwe. Owabe Prince Rostislav egqilazwe Svyatopolk. Umbusi omusha wawuqondiswa the abashisekeli German. Lokhu kwaholela ekubeni ashintshe lichaza ekwakheni abapristi. AmaJalimane yabuye yaqala ukuzifunela ukuxhaswa kombono umbono izintshumayelo Latin. Baze wenza noMethodius esigodlweni sezindela. Ngesikhathi lokhu obonwa uPapa John VIII ka, wabenqabela amaJalimane ukuqhuba izimfundiso nje musa ukukhulula umshumayeli.

Nge ukumelana anjalo sasingakafiki ihlangabezane Kirill mina Mefody. Biography, ukudalwa we Slavic zamagama , futhi konke kuhlobene ezimpilweni zabo, egcwele izenzakalo ezimangalisayo. Ngonyaka 874 noMethodius agcine ekhululiwe, futhi waphinda waba umbhishobhi omkhulu. Nokho, kakade eRoma wasuka imvume yayo beyokhulekela ulimi Moravian. Noma kunjalo, lo mshumayeli wangafuna ukulalela inkambo olukhohlisayo eSontweni LamaKatolika. Waqala ukushumayela nokuziphatha rites osithekile ulimi lwesiSlavic.

imizamo kwakamuva noMethodius

yokuphikelela kwakhe akubanga yize. Lapho amaJalimane waphinde wazama ukungcolisa kwakhe emehlweni iSonto, uMethodius baya eRoma futhi sibonga amakhono ayo isikhulumi wakwazi ukuvikela ngombono wakhe phambi upapa. Ube esenikezwa inkunzi ekhethekile, okuyinto futhi bavunyelwe izimfundiso ngezilimi zendawo.

LwamaSlav sasimthanda umzabalazo okuqinile ezilwiwa Kirill mina Mefody, Biography emfushane lapho kwabonakala ngisho temdzabu lasendulo. Ngaphambi nje kokufa kwakhe, lo mzalwane omncane ebuya wayiyisa eByzantium naseConstantinople aphethwe eminyakeni eminingana. Umsebenzi wakhe wokugcina omkhulu wahumushela olimini Slavic "ITestamente Elidala", okwamsiza abafundi abathembekile. Washona ngo-885 eMoravia.

Okusho umsebenzi abazalwane

Abazalwane wadala Alfabhethi ekugcineni lasakazekela Serbia, Croatia, Bulgaria neRussia. Namuhla, izinhlamvu zamagama zesiCyrillic isetshenziswa yibo bonke Eastern lwamaSlav. Lokhu isiRashiya, Ukraine futhi Belarusians. Biography of uCyril noMethodius izingane ezifundiswa ezikoleni kunezinto kula mazwe.

Ngokuthakazelisayo, izinhlamvu zamagama yasekuqaleni adalwe abazalwane, ekugcineni waba Glagolitic e historiography. enye inketho wakhe, eyaziwa ngokuthi zamagama zesiCyrillic, uvele kancane kamuva ngenxa imisebenzi abafundi ukuKhanyiselwa. Le mpikiswano yesayensi namanje efanele. Inkinga iwukuthi imithombo hhayi esekhona lasendulo, okungase ngokuqinisekile niyoba yimuphi umbono othile. Eyeza nezazi zezinkanyezi ezikhuluma zakhelwe kuphela kumadokhumenti yesibili okwavela kamuva.

Nokho, igalelo abazalwane kunzima overestimate. Kirill mina Mefody, Biography emfushane lapho kufanele yaziwe zonke Slav, hhayi kwasiza ubuKristu, kodwa futhi ukuze uqinise ukwazi kazwelonke phakathi kwabantu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngisho bacabanga ukuthi izinhlamvu zamagama zesiCyrillic sidalwe abafundi yabazalwane, ukuthi namanje wancika umsebenzi wabo. Lokhu kubonakala ikakhulukazi endabeni nemisindo yamagama. Izinto zesimanje Cyrillic zamagama amukela ingxenye komsindo izinhlamvu ezibhaliwe ezibe abashumayeli ezihlongozwayo.

Futhi aseNtshonalanga Kapa kanye naseMpumalanga Isonto ukubaluleka imisebenzi abekade Kirill mina Mefody. Umlando iDemo zabafundisi izingane lapho ezihlukahlukene zokufunda zemfundo yomlando futhi isiRashiya.

Ezweni lakithi kusukela ngo-1991, uthi leli holidi kazwelonke yonyaka anikezelwe abazalwane baseThesalonika. Ibizwa ngokuthi uSuku Slavic Literature Isiko futhi ukhona eBelarus. EBulgaria, wasungula Order igama lakhe. Kirill mina Mefody, amaqiniso athakazelisayo biography of okuyinto ekhishwa e zincwadi ziphakathi kokulandisa okuvelele ahlukahlukene, uyaqhubeka ukuze zidonse ukunaka amasha abacwaningi ulimi nomlando.