Kanjani ukufakwa Debian kusuka idrayivu ye-USB

Kulesi sihloko sizofunda ngokuthi singakugwema kanjani ukwakha USB flash drive oqukethe kuyazenzakela ukufakwa kohlelo lokusebenza Debian. Nge lokhu kulungiselelwa esetshenziswa Wallix uhlelo, ngaphezu izilungiselelo bendabuko. Ukuqala Linux kusuka idrayivu ye-USB - indlela elula kunazo futhi ephumelelayo ukulanda namuhla. Lokhu abezindaba ukufakwa uzobe esekelwe isithombe Debian isifaki.

Indlela ezichazwe kulesi sihloko, kulula ukuphinda. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ikuvumela ukuthi usebenzise uhlelo ezisebenza Debian ku abezindaba esikhiphekayo. Ukufakwa Debian kusukela induku kulokhu uzobe esekelwe ISO ejwayelekile izithombe.

Ukudala oqalisekayo USB drive

Isinyathelo sokuqala siwukuba ukulungiselela izingxenye ye-USB flash drive, ukudalwa isistimu yefayela bese ufake grub2. Uma ungafuni ukuba ahlanze ngokuphelele yakho ye-flash drive, ungasebenzisa omunye sakhe sephrofayela ekhona kuze Grub2 isekela uhlelo ifayela kuyo (uma kukhona isikhala esanele).

Ungasebenzisa fdisk, Cfdisk noma ezinye ithuluzi oyikhonzile ukuze ukwahlukanisa. Ngakho, ukwakha ukwahlukanisa eyinhloko, ubukhulu, okungenani, 2G, bese usetha ukuqalisa (isibonelo, thayipha umyalo ngokuphathelene induku / dev / sdb) # cfisk / dev / sdb).

Dala uhlelo ifayela engxenyeni yokuqala - # mkfs.ext2 / dev / sdb1

Yibe usubeka Grub2 # mkdir / MNT / usb

# Mount / dev / sdb1 / MNT / usb

# Grub ufake --root-lwemibhalo = / MNT / usb / dev / sdb

Grub2 kumele eyabhalwa MBR (Master Boot Record) phezu 512 amabhayithi lokuqala flash disk, ngoba kuyadingeka ukukopisha isithombe boot.img. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lwemibhalo izokwakhiwa, equkethe iqoqo umhlakanya amamojuli. Kamuva kulolu hlu lwemibhalo kumele wadala ifayela grub.cfg.

Manje-ke kufanele kwenziwe ukufakwa Debian kusuka idrayivu ye-USB ngokusebenzisa HD-media. Le ndlela ngeke ukucinga ISO-isithombe kusuka Debian ukufakwa abezindaba. Ngakho, faka umyalo # mkdir / MNT / usb / hdmedia-khama

Ngemva kwalokho, kufanele usebenzise okulandelayo:

# Wget http://ftp.debian.org/debian/dists/squeeze/main/installer-amd64/current/images/hd-media/vmlinuz -O / MNT / usb / hdmedia-khama / vmlinuz

# Wget http://ftp.debian.org/debian/dists/squeeze/main/installer-amd64/current/images/hd-media/initrd.gz -O /mnt/usb/hdmedia-squeeze/initrd.gz

# Mkdir / MNT / usb / kweJavaScript

# Cp Debian-6.0.3-amd64-CD-1.iso / MNT / usb / kweJavaScript /

Ukuqedela ukuqeqeshwa, kufanele uhlinzeke ifayela yokucushwa umhlakanya:

#set color_normal = 'oluhlaza / omnyama'

#set color_highlight = 'ukukhanya-luhlaza / omnyama'

# Nquma umzila edingekayo

# / Faka lwemibhalo impande ukufakwa disk (/ dev / sdb1)

setha isosdir = '/ ISO-image "

isethi hdmediasqueeze = '/ hdmedia-' ukucindezela '

# Khona-ke, uma kukhona ukufakwa Debian kusuka idrayivu ye-USB, lolu hlelo luyoba ngokuzenzekelayo ukuthola ifayela oyishilo.

# Isethaphu le Debian, besebenzisa i HD image, kopisha isistimu yamafayela

e / HD-media.

Lungiselela Impendulo = '/ HD-media / preseed'

# Ukufakwa kwesandla Debian lxde amisiwe kanje:

menuentry 'Debian 6.0 amd64 inhlukano ukufaka' {

linux $ hdmediasqueeze / vmlinuz iso-scan / lefayela = $ isodir / Debian-6.0.3-amd64-CD-1.iso igunya = ezibucayi

initrd $ hdmediasqueeze / initrd.gz

# Okokufaka okuzenzakalelayo angafakwa:

menuentry 'Debian 6.0 amd64 othomathikhi ukufaka' {

linux $ hdmediasqueeze / vmlinuz iso-scan / lefayela = $ isodir / Debian-6.0.3-amd64-CD-1.iso preseed / ifayela = $ preseed / okujwayelekile squeeze.preseed auto = kuqala kweqiniso = ezibucayi

initrd $ hdmediasqueeze / initrd.gz

Ngu okokufaka ngokwakho ngeke ukulayisha ukufakwa Debian standard kusuka idrayivu ye-USB nge-othomathikhi - ne ukufakwa izimpendulo.

Inketho Iso-scan / lefayela itshela uhlelo lapho ukuthola ukufakwa egcwele Debian.

Ukuze amabhuzu isivakashi OS kusukela USB flash drive uzodinga waqoqa kudivayisi real real kudivayisi / dev / sdb kufayela ekhethekile VMDK bese ufake / TMP / usb.vmdk le Sata drive wokuqala kule internalcommands isivakashi ukucushwa panel # VBoxManage createrawvmdk -filename / tmp / usb .vmdk -rawdisk / dev / sdb

ukuvala shaqa

Uma bakwazi ukuqhubeka ukulanda okokufaka Debian ukufakwa manual, khona-ke kumelwe Ukwakha database Debconf. Lokhu semininingwane isetshenziswa ngesikhathi Debian Ukufaka, ikakhulukazi, ukuze uthole imininingwane ukufakwa. Ukusebenzisa ifayela nemingcele wena ukulayisha izimo achazwe ngoba uhlelo ukufakwa.

Dala lwemibhalo empandeni USB flash drive bese ukopisha ifayela nemingcele ngokusebenzisa umyalo olandelayo: # mkdir / MNT / usb / preseed

Khona-ke faka umyalo olandelayo:

# Cat << EOF> /mnt/usb/preseed/standard-squeeze.preseed

di Debian-isifaki / uchungechunge lendawo en_US

di console-amathuluzi / archs ukhetha ukweqa-wokumisa

di isikhathi / zone string US / Eastern

Ngeke kudingeke ukuba ukuxhuma kunethiwekhi lapho uhlelo uzobe ngebhuzu kusuka idrayivu ye-USB.

Isitatimende ngenhla isikisela ukuthi i-computer kwelitshe has idrayivu kanzima eyodwa kuphela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezimweni eziningi, flash drive ngokuzenzakalelayo ikhishwe. Uma konke okufanayo uma uqala ukubonakala hard disk drive, ungakwazi ukungena ngesandla umyalo olandelayo: partman-auto / disk futhi inhlava-isifaki / bootdev noma ukusebenzisa inketho early_command, ukusetha ngokuzenzakalelayo kudivayisi ukuyisebenzisa.

Indlela ukufaka Debian OS

Manje ungakwazi ukuqhubeka ngqo uhlelo lokusebenza selulayisheke kukhompyutha. Nokho, uma ungafuni ukudala oqalisekayo USB flash drive, ungakwazi ukufaka Debian ngokusebenzisa ebhuthini drive.

Ukuze uqale, yenza isipele amafayela ezibalulekile kwikhompyutha yakho. Ukufaka Debian emshinini wakho kuzodinga ukusula yonke drive kanzima futhi isula futhi, kususa yonke idatha kule nqubo. Gcina idatha ebalulekile idiski esikhiphekayo ngaphambi kokuqala ukufakwa.

Uma ungazange udale drive flash, landa Debian isifaki isithombe kusuka esemthethweni zewebhusayithi efanele processor yakho yokwakha. Uma ungenaso isiqiniseko sokuthi lokho uhlobo processor ukufakwa kukhompyutha yakho, khetha isithombe ngoba-32-bit PC, njengoba kuvumelana ejwayelekile 32-bhithi Intel noma AMD.

Rekhoda ukufakwa isithombe ku-CD noma i-DVD. Once oyilandile ifayela (ke kuyodingeka isandiso .ISO), bhala it kudiski usebenzisa isofthiwe ezikhethekile. Namuhla, kunamabandla amaningana zokusebenza khulula ukuthi ongenza lo msebenzi uma ikhompyutha yakho drive-CD-R noma i-DVD-R.

Boot computer ne disc esanda eqoshiwe. Emva kokufaka ifayela .ISO a disk, indawo abezindaba zibe drive optical futhi kabusha computer. Umshini ngeke ivuleke ukusitha futhi kuzokusa ngqo master Debian isifaki.

Ungathola Debian Phila kusukela disk uma uthanda. Debian OS kuhlanganisa inketho elikuvumela ukusebenzisa uhlelo lakho lokusebenza kusuka CD noma i-DVD, ngaphandle ngaphezulu imininingwane yakho hard drive (le ndlela ibizwa ngokuthi Debian Live). Khetha le ndlela ku Isethaphu wizadi uma ufuna ukuhlola kwesikhumba ukuze uqedele ukufaka. Sicela uqaphele ukuthi ukusebenza ngeke neze ongaphakeme uma ugijima le ndlela.

Faka Debian, ngokuhambisana imiyalelo iwizadi yokufaka. Uma usukulungele ukuqala uma ithwele umthwalo omningi, landela iwizadi futhi wenze izilungiselelo yesistimu yokusebenza kwabo. Uzonikezwa ithuba ukuphatha hard disk ngodonga uma ufuna ukusebenzisa Debian ndawonye nomunye yesistimu yokusebenza, ezifana Microsoft Windows.

Uma ngasizathu simbe awukwazi ukulanda futhi ifake wena ukufakwa izithombe, ungathola disk ukuqalisa kusayithi. Ukufaka Debian kungathatha isikhathi esithile, ngakho kungcono kakhulu ukwenza ezinye izinto ngenkathi ulinde thwebula.