Kanjani amandla okubhekana methanol ubuthi? Izimpawu kanye nezici yokwelashwa

Namuhla, emakethe zingatholakala eziningi umsuka ngabazeka. Ezinye zazo yilezi ngakho Muhle yini ukuthi abantu basakhonza ukuwathenga. Ngenxa yalokho, ngokuvamile kwenzeka ubuthi. Futhi uma ubuthi ukudla ingelapheka ngesigamu ngosuku, bese methanol ubuthi kuyingozi kakhulu.

Isitha kumele bazi ngesiqu

Methyl utshwala uketshezi kungekho nto enemibala emihle, nge ejwayelekile iphunga oludakayo. It is lisetshenziswe umkhakha ukwenziwa amakhemikhali yasendlini: izihlanzi, opende, futhi abe nezinye izinto. Ngezinye izikhathi methanol kwakwakhe lisetshenziswe ukukhiqizwa kwemithi. Methanol kuyinto ezinobuthi futhi enobuthi, ngakho uyiphatha ngokunakekela izindleko kakhulu.

Common igama methanol - izinkuni utshwala. Elaqala ukutholwa Bowl 1661, ngesikhathi ziphuzo zazihluzwa elimazayo kwezinkuni. Ngesimo okumsulwa, methyl utshwala eseqala ukuveza eminyakeni 200. Indlela kwatholakala ngo-1932, lapho kukhiqizwa methanol kuze kube yilolu suku.

methanol ubuthi

Ubuthi methanol kungenzeka uma udle. Lokhu kwenzeka ngezindlela ezimbili. Eyokuqala - ukusetshenziswa imikhiqizo equkethe methyl utshwala. Esesibili - inhalation of methanol umusi. Ngokuvamile, ubuthi kungenxa ukusetshenziswa yekhwalithi ephansi utshwala. Akubona bonke abakhiqizi ukulandela izindlela ucabange ngempilo amakhasimende abo, ngakho esikhundleni Ethanol oludakayo ngokuvamile utshwala methyl.

Ngezinye izikhathi utshwala poisoning kubangelwa ukufika omkhulu emakethe iqoqo elikhulu iziphuzo esezingeni eliphansi oludakayo. Ngo-2011, i-ubuthi mass iphutha e-Turkey, futhi ngemva konyaka - eCzech Republic.

Kwake kwathi ngo-umzimba womuntu, methanol ubola ukuba formic acid kanye farmaldegid. Bobabili izinto ziyingozi isibindi, inhliziyo nezinye izitho eziningi.

Indlela uzivikele methanol ubuthi

Ukukhetha utshwala, udinga ukuhlola zamalayisensi kanye nezitifiketi. Kungcono ukuthenga izinhlobo zophuzo oludakayo ezitolo ezithile nabaphakeli Esinokwethenjelwa.

Abashayeli njalo sibhekene uketshezi ezahlukene kabani Ukwakheka kungafaka methanol. Ukuze ushevu, ezijule kangangokuba donsa yebhangqa Washer busika izibuko kusukela umkhiqizi engathembekile. Futhi ubuthi singenzeka ngu ukungenisa lokhu Washer esikhumbeni. Ngakho-ke, zonke izinqubo "antizamerzaykoy" kuyinto efiselekayo gqoka amagilavu futhi endaweni umoya.

Labo abasebenza kule mboni zamakhemikhali, yebo, futhi obala ingozi ubuthi nge methyl utshwala. Kodwa abantu abavamile elinde methanol e varnishes, uveza, izihlanzi, izihlanzi ezithile, nokunye. Kuyinsakavukela izinyathelo zokuphepha kuzosiza ukugwema nemiphumela ebuhlungu.

Methanol ubuthi: Izimpawu

Ngokushesha kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi amandla umphumela methanol emzimbeni ngokuqondile okuhlobene umthamo. Ngakho ungalindeli horror babe nazo zonke izimpawu ezilandelayo e ubuthi omnene.

Izimpawu ze-methanol ubuthi abasakwazi olubanzi, ngoba kuthinta zonke izitho zangaphakathi. Lapho udle methyl utshwala imizuzu eminingana zanqwabelana esibindini. Nokho, izimpawu zokuqala ukuvela ngemuva cishe amahora ayisishiyagalombili. Phakathi kwezinkinga ne pheshana emathunjini bungabonakala izibonakaliso ezinje ubuthi ibandakanya ukucanuzela kwenhliziyo, amajaqamba, ukuvuvukala ukusika ubuhlungu esiswini.

Methyl utshwala kungathinta ngisho izinhlaka emehlweni nokuzwa. Isikhathi esiningi ukuhlupheka zamehlo. Nge ubuthi oqinile nzima ukuba alulame. Vision kancane kancane aqale ukuhlushwa ngemuva kokuya methanol ubuthi. izimpawu ezinjalo kuyagcinwa: ubumpumputhe esinqunyiwe noma inani, enyakaza nobuhlungu amehlo esigaxeni.

Imiphumela methanol izibonakaliso ezinje kunqunywa nesimiso sezinzwa: Ukudlikizela, eliqhaqhazelayo wemikhawulo, ikhanda elibuhlungu, nakwisyncope, ukucasuka.

Isimiso senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi uyakwamukela nokuphenduka ukungena emzimbeni methanol. Umfutho wegazi izinguquko (inyuka noma lehla), ke ophilisayo ishayela, kungase kube khona ubuhlungu endaweni inhliziyo. Uma ingcindezi luyanda kusukela ekhaleni ungaya igazi.

Uma methanol uthola esikhumbeni, cishe, kuzobangela ezishile. Nge ubuthi oqinile umuntu ungalahlekelwa ukwazi noma awela equlekile. Kwenzeka kancane kancane, ngakho ngesikhathi izimpawu kancane lokudakwa ezidingekayo ukuthatha izinyathelo ezinqala.

zosizo lokuqala

Sekuyisikhathi uyisho, nokuthi yini okufanele ziyenze uma of ushevu nge methanol. Ngakho, okokuqala kudingeka uthole ukuthi Ubuthi kuthinta umzimba: ewuketshezi wangena esiswini, ngesimo umusi emaphashini, noma uthola on isikhumba sakho.

Ukuze sibhekane methanol elinobuthi, eyawela emzimbeni ukudla noma isiphuzo, uqala nge lavage esiswini. Lokhu kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa amanzi oluhlanzekile noma lokuhlala aphansi solution soda. Ngemva ukuphuza ilitha loketshezi, kubalulekile ntombazane ukuhlanza. Ngakho okudingeka uyenze izikhathi eziningana ngezikhawu ihora. Ngaphezu kwalokho esiswini, esiningi methanol angase buthelela emathunjini. Ngakho-ke, ngo parallel lavage esiswini kufanele wenze i enema noma isiphuzo laxative.

Bhekana methanol elinobuthi, okuyinto yawela umzimba ngendlela umusi, yena kuba lula. Vele ahlinzeke kwathinta inflow nomoya opholile. Into engcono kakhulu ukuphuma, kodwa ungakwazi nje ukuvula amafasitela. Awudingi ukuba wenze noma yiziphi ukunyakaza kungazelelwe. Ngiphefumula umoya imele nomoya njengoba ejulile futhi engajulile. Ukuze ivikeleke, kungenzeka ukuba bafeze lavage esiswini. Kuphela ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, lapho umthamo methanol kubalulekile, kubalulekile ukwenza umuntu afakwe emishinini yokuphefumula.

Uma kwamiswa methanol esikhumbeni futhi ukusha, kufanele usule ne ethanol. Kubalulekile futhi ukunikeza komoya okuhle kwesikhumba.

Uma isisulu wangena Ukudlikizela, ukuhlanza noma nokulahlekelwa ukwazi, udinga uyinike evundlile. Tuck futhi uphakamise ikhanda umcamelo. Okuhle kunakho konke ukuthi, uma umuntu elele uhlangothi lwalo.

Kuyindlela yokuvimbela ukuba sibhekane ngokuphumelelayo methanol ubuthi avame ukusetshenziswa kotshwala. It methanol uhlaba futhi ngesivinini sokuhoxisa kusuka emzimbeni. kwafakwa isilinganiso esincane semithi 40% Ethanol isixazululo (vodka) ithathwe njalo ngemuva kwamahora amathathu.

Lapho izimpawu zokuqala ubuthi nakanjani kudingeka ushayele udokotela!

lwemithetho

Ngakho, ukuqonda ukuthi yini okumele uyenze uma ushevu nge methanol, kuyafaneleka ukuthola lokho okungafanele ukwenze, ukuze ukulimaza impilo isisulu. Awudingi ukuba bahlanganyele ukwelashwa self: zonke izindlela ngenhla kuphela edingekayo ukuze kulesetayelekile isimo somuntu alikafiki "usizo lokuqala." Ukuthatha imithi enhlobonhlobo ukuthi ukwandisa noma ukunciphisa ingcindezi, khulula ubuhlungu bekhanda futhi ngizabalaza ngasese nezinye izimpawu, akudingekile.

Uma ushevu kwenzeka ngokusebenzisa imigudu yokuphefumula, akudingekile ukuba enze enema. Uma methanol uthola esikhunjeni, ungazami ukususa ubuhlungu ngosizo yokugcoba kanye okhilimu for ukusha. Ukunika isisulu kuyindlela yokuvimbela (ethanol) kufanele dosed, futhi kuphela uma umuntu ezazi. Umthamo kufanele kubhekwe kanje: 1 igremu of ethanol okumsulwa (2.5 g regia) ngayinye 1 kg esisindo. Yenza noma yiziphi izinguquko IVs ekhaya akuyona efiselekayo.

Uma kukhona into eqinisekile ukuthi imbangela ubuthi kwaba ngokunembile methanol, akukuhle ukuphuza utshwala njengoba kungakulimaza. Uma isisulu aquleke, ngeke sisale sodwa. Akufanele abalale esiswini sakho noma emuva. Esimweni sokuqala kuzoba Ukuhamba okhathazekile lesibili - wena singaliminyanisa uma yena vomits.

Lapho ushevu nge methanol kuyadingeka uqaphele kakhulu hhayi ukulimaza isisulu. Ukuze ubuthi kakhulu kungaba ngisho ukubulala, ngakho isinyathelo kumelwe bathathe isinyathelo ngokushesha futhi esiwujuqu. Bhekana methanol ubuthi kungenzeka, into esemqoka - ukugcina zonke amathiphu ngenhla.

Emumva ushevu

Ngemuva usizo lokuqala, isisulu kumelwe ayiswe esibhedlela ukuze ochwepheshe Ukwelashwa kwaqhubeka elinikeziwe. Ukwelapha izokuba nezigaba ezimbili: ukugcinwa nomzimba omuhle ukuma yokutakula imisebenzi adicilelwe. Ukuze ubuthi eziyinkimbinkimbi, lapho umzimba eseke inani abagxeka methanol, wenziwa igazi nokuhlanzwa.

Uhlelo nokuvuselelwa incike lapho izitho abathintekayo ngaphezulu. Ngokuvamile, ukuwa embi kakhulu imizimba. Ukwelashwa Yiqiniso kuhlanganisa amavithamini, umzimba ezikhethekile, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ukuhlinzwa.

Uma methanol wangena emzimbeni umgudu wokuphefumula futhi lwamafinyila wamshaya, inhalations Yiqiniso. Ukusetshenziswa amalungiselelo herbal etholwe ukuphulukisa zokukhipha igciwane izitho zangaphakathi.

Kungakhathaliseki elinobuthi, ngemva idingeka sokubuyiselwa jikelele. Kuhlanganisa lonke, amavithamini, Ukudla nokunye.

isiphetho

Kusukela methanol ubuthi awaphelele, ngisho uchwepheshe kungaba ngephutha uthole umthamo methanol kusuka ukudla yekhwalithi ephansi. Akekho umuntu ongawenzi amaphutha, kokukhumbula ifilimu "Iphutha unjiniyela Cochin" (1939). Kodwa lowo uyazi kule ndaba, uzokwazi ukusindisa ukuphila kwakhe kanye nezimpilo zabanye.