Kaluga esifundeni, Nelineni Factory: Manor Goncharov kanye emzaneni nge igama engavamile

Nelineni Factory - nje igama ongaziwa ezinjalo kuba indawo yasemadolobheni, elise km 32 kusuka Kaluga. Ukukhokhela abasebenzi wasendulo othile singenakwenzeka angaba nesithakazelo osukwini lwethu, uma hhayi eyingqayizivele, ingxenye oyiyo. Lapha kulapho Manor Goncharov, ikheli lakhe ngqo: Kaluga esifundeni, Nelineni Factory, emgwaqweni WezabaSebenzi, 1a.

Umlando Omfushane emzaneni

Uma kusayithi kwalesi sigodi zanamuhla emathuneni obudala oluyimfihlakalo igama Vzgomone. Ngo 1718, uPeter Omkhulu wakhipha isimemezelo sokuba kwakhiwe kule isitshalo endaweni ukwenziwa sailcloth. Lo msebenzi obalulekile esiwaphathisiwe umthengisi kusuka Kaluga - TF Karamyshevo. Wathatha endabeni yabangane ezimbili - umshana wakhe GI Shchepochkina kanye AA Goncharova (ukhokho N. N. Goncharovoy - unkosikazi Alexander Pushkin).

Indwangu Ikhishwa hhayi kuphela nezidingo yemikhumbi isiRashiya, kodwa futhi zithunyelwe England. Maduze lapha ukuze kaKesari, esigayweni iphepha wavulwa. Ngemva kokufa Karamysheva bezinye isinqumo ukwehlukana icala. Futhi Goncharov baba Umnikazi ongayedwana zokukhiqiza nelineni. Ngokushesha ngisho bendawo ukhohlwe igama Vzgomone. Settlement waziwa emva luhlobo zezimboni main. Isimanga ukuthi idume ukukhiqizwa kanye Kaluga esifundeni namuhla. Nelineni Factory - isiphetho, okuyinto namanje eyehlayo inkampani, eyasungulwa ngo-1718.

Manor Isakhiwo

Afanasiy Abramovich Goncharov ngokushesha wathola umcebo ukukhiqizwa izindwangu. Kakade 1760, waqala ekwakheni indlu eduze yayo owaziwa kulo lonke isitshalo zwe. ukusondela okunjalo yendlu ezimbonini kanye Manor kuyinto engajwayelekile le nkathi. Nokho, AA Goncharov wayeziqhenya kakhulu ukukhiqizwa nokuthengiswa kwazo kungukuthi zaphazanyiswa ukusondela zalesi sihlahla.

Ngo intando yakhe, usozimboni ibonisa ukuthi umkhaya wonke ingcebo ezingeke zikwazi ukuthengiswa noma ngamasimu. Ngemva kokufa Umkhulu noyise ephethwe ifa iba AN Goncharov (Umkhulu bomdabu Natal Goncharovoy). Thanda izindlalifa amaningi acebile awazange ngaleso sikhathi, yena ngokushesha esebenzise yonke ifa lakhe. izinto emndenini babebabi kangangokuthi lapho Natalia wayeshade Aleksandra Sergeevicha Pushkina, imbongi wanikezwa imikhiqizo isipho isitshalo.

Kaluga esifundeni, Nelineni Factory: izivakashi ezidumile Goncharov Manor

Phakathi nenkathi yokudlondlobala kwawo Manor Goncharov ukujula ezahlukene nangobuciko. Endlini enkulu lalilikhulu ngokwanele. I Interiors isici ukunethezeka imfashini ngezindinganiso isikhathi sakhe sekugcineni. Emhlabeni Manor ke lwaqhekeka epaki elikhulu, ngokomlando delivshiysya yaba izingxenye ezintathu. Ngo 1775, izimboni zendawo bengabavakashela ifa uCatherine II. Empress bathandile inhlangano zokukhiqiza kanye Manor uqobo.

Nelineni Factory (Kaluga esifundeni), eyaziwa nangokuthi endlunkulu M. I. Kutuzova. Ngo 1812 wahlala lapha ngemva kwepi ye-Maloyaroslavets. Kabili wavakashela Manor Goncharov futhi A. S. Pushkin. Waqale wavakashela izindlu njengoba umakoti Natalia Nikolaevna futhi wahlala lapha izinsuku ezimbalwa (1830). Futhi ngaleso sikhathi kuqhubeke amalungelo umyeni semthethweni imbongi omkhulu wabuya esimweni umndeni ngumkayo. Yayihlala lapha amasonto amabili (1834). Manor (Nelineni Factory, Kaluga esifundeni) kakhulu bathandile Pushkin. Alexander wabhala ukuthi ngabe ngenjabulo wahlala ukuphila lapha uma bekungenjongo umninikhaya izimboni wendawo.

Olumnyama emakhasini umlando ifa we Goncharov

Inzala Afanasiya Abramovicha Goncharova babe abanikazi izimboni kanye Manor eziyinkimbinkimbi kuze 1917. Ngo-1918, zonke izindawo zezimboni kanye izakhiwo endaweni izigodi, abangu uhulumeni. Ngokuphawulekayo, isitshalo usebenza namuhla. Phakathi okunezinhlobonhlobo kwemikhiqizo yayo kungatholakala izinto zokubhala, ijwayelekile zonke wesikole. Okuhluke kakhulu kwaba isiphetho endlini Manor. Ngo-1920 isakhiwo main ifa wayiswa esikoleni kwalesi sigodi. Kodwa semfundo sekuneminyaka ngaphakathi kwezindonga zawo isikhashana. Ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe, esikoleni kwaba kwezikhalo ngasese, futhi izindlu yabhidlika kabana kubahlaseli isitha.

Museum eziyinkimbinkimbi "Manor Goncharov"

Namuhla emzaneni Nelineni Factory Kaluga esifundeni eyaziwa ngokuthi ngempela izivakashi isikhungo esiyinhloko. eziyinkimbinkimbi Manor yaphenduka Museum. Kukhona izinkambo waqondisa futhi ezihlukahlukene imicimbi yamasiko. Umsebenzi ku ukubuyiselwa endlini enkulu waqala ngawo-1970. Izivakashi, eyinkimbinkimbi Museum kwavulwa ngo-1999, lapho kugujwa iminyaka engu 200th yokuzalwa Aleksandra Sergeevicha Pushkina. Okuthakazelisayo esikhulu kunazo zonke endlini enkulu. It livulekele izivakashi namuhla 18 amakamelo, okwakubekelwa kabusha umhlobiso ingaphakathi umhlobiso ingaphakathi.

Museum utshela ngokuphila we Goncharov nomndeni ikhombisa impilo yomndeni wekuvana isikhathi. Ingxenye enkulu qoqo wazinikela A. S. Pushkinu. Kulesi Museum ungabona ekumeni kwakhe nje kuphela, kodwa futhi yesandla kabusha isimo iKhabhinethi ukusebenza. Isakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi Museum, etholakala ekhelini: Kaluga esifundeni, Nelineni Factory Street. WezabaSebenzi, kuhlanganisa ezihlukahlukene ezikhangayo. It amasango Spassky, imibhoshongo ezitebeleni, aqaphe Green Zone, ikhaya le umkhwenyana, izindlu kanye emanxiweni embonini nelineni. Ngo kwepaki ungabona Gazebo, kuba ukuvuselelwa oyedwa eyithandayo bangabeki A. S. Pushkin, futhi kwamiswa itshe lesikhumbuzo imbongi omkhulu.

Ulwazi izivakashi

Ukungena Museum eziyinkimbinkimbi khulula. Amathikithi angathengwa kuphela ukuvakashelwa Manor endlini enkulu. Esichasiselweni ivulwa ngoLwesithathu ngeSonto kukonke. Ngena uhambo kungaba kusuka 11,00 kuya 18,00. I ngqo nekheli Museum: Kaluga Region, Dzerzhinsky District, Nelineni Factory Street. Labor 1a.

Into esemqoka - ukuba bangene kule ndawo. Ngezansi uzothola eziyinkimbinkimbi Manor kalula. Ukuze uthole lapha Kaluga kungaba ngemoto noma ngebhasi. Ungagijimeli angashiya yini emva ukuhlolwa izinto edume kunazo zonke. I Nelineni Factory, kunamanye amaphuzu intshisekelo isimo Church, Manor Shchepochkina. izivakashi eziningi izakhiwo umxhwele zomlando enkabeni yedolobha, lapho ungabona izindlu eziningi ezindala.