Izitshalo aseNingizimu Melika (izithombe)

ukujula emangalisayo nokuhlukahluka kwezinto flora yeNingizimu Melika amashumi ezinkulungwane zezitshalo. bounty zemvelo okunjalo kunalokho ikhuthaza ilungiselelo ngempumelelo le ngxenye yaleli zwekazi phakathi Ezindaweni sub-elisenkabazwe ye enyakatho nenkabazwe Zomhlaba uphinde ungamele - eningizimu. A ingxenye enkulu yeNingizimu Melika, nge ingxenye encane ephakathi isithombe Neotropical esifundeni floristic.

Ngokushesha ehlukene kusukela izitshalo North zwekazi American, engaphansi ikakhulu izimo lokushisa, izitshalo yeNingizimu Melika uhlala ngaphansi neminye imithetho. Ukuze embusweni Neotropical libhekene okushisa aphakeme kanye Kusaphazwa kwelanga, okuvumela izitshalo ukuba zikhule unyaka wonke cishe zonke endaweni yayo. Nokho, isici esiyinhloko ukulawula yokukhula kuyinto ngezinga hydration, wehlise njengoba besuka yenkabazwe ezindaweni ezishisayo, kungani umehluko phakathi ezindaweni ngaphakathi nangaphandle ocean ezwekazini ngempela eningi. Ngokwemvelo, izinguquko nezilwane yeNingizimu Melika. Thina kafushane chaza izici lezi zindawo flora bajwayelane nabameleli bayo.

enkabazwe amahlathi

Isimo sezulu kuhlale kushisa futhi kunomswakama kakhulu kuthinta izindawo kuleli zwekazi yemvelo, kubuswa ezisenkabazwe, esisogwini zombili yenkabazwe, futhi ithatha isikhala omkhulu Amazon kanye Izimfunda ezingasogwini lwe-Orinoco, nemithambeka Brazilian futhi ezinkangala Guiana, kanye ezindaweni ezisogwini ezimbili kuyiPacific Ocean. flora Huge futhi ahlukahlukene eMelika. Izithombe okusesihlokweni esithi, ukufanekisa ngokugcwele lokhu. Ngisho inkazimulo emahlathini ashisayo babesuke of Africa uyaphuma nje uma eqhathaniswa naso ubukhazikhazi kanye ezihlukahlukene ocebile yezimila nezilwane ezihlukahlukene ze-South America Gilea, ngokuvumelana semvelo abadumile Alexander von Humboldt. EPortugal, lezi amahlathi ngokuthi ehlathini.

Izici izitshalo eNingizimu neMelika

Copa gilea - okucebile eziphilako kanye kwabantu ikhava izimila uhlobo Earth. Ngenxa yalezi amahlathi libhekene inhlanganisela ukuphakama tiered kombhede. Kwezinye izindawo ungakwazi ukubala kuze kufinyelele emazingeni emihlanu noma eyisithupha, ezintathu ezakha esihlahleni. Ngokuvamile, temandla engenhla yalezi amahlathi akha abameleli isundu noma imidumba. Izihlahla ukumela ingxenye enkulu lonke isitshalo ukwehluka kwehlathi.

izihlahla

izihlahla Amazing emelela flora yeNingizimu Melika ngokuvamile likhula kuphela ezindaweni ezingamahlathi ezisenkabazwe, bayawazi kithi okungenakuqhathaniswa izinga ukhuni lapho uyikhazimulisile kubo emhlabeni wonke. Mahagonievoe, insimbi, teak, obomvu, omnyama, bakautovoe, e-sandalwood, satin - lokhu kuyinto uhlu ongaphelele izihlahla letiphakela izinhlobo ebaluleke kunayo ukhuni banezimfanelo ezahlukene - enhle kakhulu umphumela zokuhlobisa, namandla ngokukhethekile, futhi abanye Ngokwesibonelo, e-sandalwood, ummeleli we-wembadada umndeni, ukulungiselela ezibalulekile. sandalwood uwoyela, futhi inika ukhuni satin nge ukuthungwa engavamile silky.

Hylaeus bandile injoloba: Brazilian isihlahla Hevea, kutshalwa emikhawulweni yonke yakwa-ibhande ashisayo, abameleli bomkhaya imidumba futhi Araucariaceae. Kusukela ukhuni izihlahla sappanovogo logwood ne ukukhiqiza kakhulu udayi yemvelo.

Natives zalezi zindawo ezimangalisayo aboncathathu ziyadliwa Brazilian - bertoletsiya - lwesayensi ocebile amafutha enempilo, ukwatapheya, ugwava kutshalwa ukulima ngezinga ezimbonini. breadfruit Legendary othela isithelo kakhulu, ezidliwayo.

abameleli Famous ye izitshalo yeNingizimu Melika - chocolate izihlahla ne ngokuqinile ohlezi isiqu izimbali nezithelo uvuthwe. izihlahla Ukhokho e isiko ukunikeza kakhulu impahla eluhlaza for ukukhiqizwa high ushokoledi. Bala imithi ezakha amazinga engenhla isimiso esiyinkimbinkimbi kwamahlathi asezindaweni ezishisayo kungenzeka phakade, kodwa udlulela nezinye izitshalo abahlala kuleli zwe.

Palma

Inombolo kanye ezihlukahlukene wamasundu ezikhulayo ezindaweni ezishisayo, ngakho lilidlula enkulu ukuthi kucatshangwa ukuthi amafomu ejwayelekile kakhulu izimila ndawo. Basuke izimpawu ipotimende cylindrical, isipikili ngumuntu cap ezibanzi amahlamvu kanzima. Ukwanda kokungavumelani kusukela imitha elilodwa ezingeni eliphakeme Gilea izihlahla. Abathandwayo zinhlobo scansorial wamasundu, isibonelo, eyaziwa ngokuthi Rattan. Kuyinto isikhathi eside kunabo bonke nke izintende scansorial. Wendlovu Rattan akuyona obukhulu kakhulu, ubukhulu bayo zokhahlamba kusuka 1 kuya 10 cm ezindaweni lapho eziningi kubo, ihlathi cishe esingaweleki :. aluka yabo kumnandi obuntofontofo zigzags ahlukahlukene.

Creeper

Ikakhulukazi Kuyaphawuleka kukhona imivini. Izitshalo yeNingizimu Melika kungaba mpofu kakhulu ukube achaze lezi izitshalo ezithakazelisayo. Hylaeus eNingizimu neMelika libhekene ezihlukahlukene imivini.

Lezi imivini kungaba zisetshenziswa, yonyaka, herbaceous, bok kanye lezihlahla. Kodwa kukhona omunye izinga ukuthi abanayo - abakwazi yimani niqonde futhi ubambe wesiko yabo yezinye izitshalo uqotho. Babehlale kudingeka isipele, okuyinto kungaqondakala esebenzisa amathuluzi ehlukene enikeziwe kubo ngokwemvelo. Ukunamathela ukusekelwa, ukunamathela kuye, umvini ezikhulayo nokuthuthukisa. It is ngakho wahlela futhi asekelwe kungaba yini - isihlahla, uthango. Ukungakwazi umndeni ahlukene, imivini sisabalale ezihlukahlukene ezinye izizukulwane, okwenzeka emindenini ezahlukene, ikakhulukazi, kamalibhele, saxifrage, Euphorbiaceae, Amaryllidaceae nabanye abaningi.

Famous umvini - Syngonium. Endle, cishe amabili zezinto eziphilayo yayo, ezinye zazo kutshalwa ekukhuleni yasekhaya. Nokho, ukuwufinyelela ekhaya izimbali nzima kakhulu. Futhi ngokuya ezisenkabazwe kuyinto siqhakaza hhayi kuphela izimbali ezincane yellow, kodwa futhi yakha izithelo ezidliwayo ngokuphelele. Izitshalo Ningizimu Melika kuyinto ezilapho. Ngaphezu abameleli bakhe la kukhona ingxenye enkulu kakhulu izitshalo engavamile.

epiphytes

amahlathi South American tropical ocebile epiphytes, elikhanyayo futhi izimbali ezimibalabala. Lezi zitshalo engatholakali kwamanye, kodwa hhayi yisinanakazana kubo, kodwa umane wasebenzisa njengendlela ukwesekwa. Ziyakwazi abameleli imikhaya aroynikovyh, Izinhlobo nabanye, kanye eyingqayizivele obugagu nobuhle-orchid nezingu-izimbali gloriosa. high density kakhulu ezisenkabazwe eye yavusa ukuthuthukiswa izitshalo eziningi ekulweni elangeni. izitshalo Ngakho abaningi ziye zashintsha, ekubeni epiphytic nokuthola indlela ifike a uqimba ephakeme Rainforest. Ngeshwa, akunakwenzeka ukuba uhlu wonke amalungu ayehlala nezilwane mpumalanga yeNingizimu Melika, uhlu kungaba likhulu kakhulu.