Izinguquko Ezenzeka aphethe-fayela. Mubi kangakanani?

Abanye abasebenzisi ngezikhathi abhekane neqiniso lokuthi malware kubangela umonakalo hhayi kuphela kumafayela ehlukahlukene ikhompyutha yakho, kodwa futhi amabhlogo ukufinyelela ezingalawulwa isofthiwe ezidingekayo amagciwane futhi hhayi kuphela. Lokhu kwenziwa ngokwenza izinguquko umninikhaya-ifayela Windows 7 noma omunye simiso enkampanini efanayo.

Itholakala lwemibhalo uhlelo, equkethe amafayela wokusebenza kusukela Microsoft. Empeleni, kulolu hlu lwemibhalo isendaweni drive C. Usokhaya-fayela lakhelwe ukuguqula ikheli endaweni ufanekisela iseva noma indawo kule-IP amakheli, okuyinto iyoba imishini sobala ngaphezulu amanethiwekhi TCP / IP.

Umsebenzi wayo iyafana umsebenzi DNS. Umsebenzisi engena ikheli lewebhusayithi kusiphequluli sakho, ehlanganisa izincwadi, ngemva kwalokho isicelo sithunyelwa ukuze DNS-iseva, okuyinto yena, usinikeza digital IP-ikheli layo futhi ithumela isicelo kakade kuleli fomu kwi-website noma iseva. Umehluko itholakala lokuthi ukuthi DNS isebenza ngendlela web global, kunokuba wendawo.

Uhlelo ubeka umninikhaya-ifayela endaweni efanayo. Futhi zonke uhlelo ihlukile. Ngokwesibonelo, e-windose ubudala (lena 95, 98 kanye Millennium), yena waba ngokushesha lwemibhalo impande. Ezinguqulweni entsha ye isivele itholakala kwenye indawo. Ukuze uthole kuso, kuzomele uvule WINNT ifolda sohlelo, bese kukhona ukuthola bese uvula ifolda System32, uyifake kule Abashayeli lwemibhalo, kusukela NJLL wakhe Lapha futhi kuyoba aphethe-fayela.

Ngokuqondene okuthuthukile ( "Piggy", 2003, i-Vista futhi "Eziyisikhombisa"), zonke njengoba elungiselelweni langaphambilini, ifolda uhlelo kuphela ngeke kakade ngokuthi i-Windows. Ngakho, ifayela aphethe ayinalutho (lapho umsebenzisi akanakho wengeze noma iyiphi idatha ku-ke) has a okuthiwa inkomba ukubukwa. nokho, yena kungahluka kumakhompyutha lapho iseva wendawo ezifakiwe.

Lapho ifayela siqukethe ushintsho eziyinqaba, ungumsebenzi isofthiwe wesitha. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, umsebenzisi ukuthayipha ikheli, uwela ngokuphelele kwenye isayithi noma ngisho abuyi ndawo. Uma uvula i-host-ifayela lakho, uzobona ikheli 127.0.0.1 ekusingatheni kwasendaweni. Lena kukhompyutha yakho. Ukungeza ecacisiwe ikheli le-IP isayithi, ukufinyelela yokugcina akunakwenzeka ngosizo ukubaluleka ongokomfanekiso.

Umbhali wayevame ukunezela lokhu imithombo Ilokhi ukuthi ubuyekeze isofthiwe unqulo wesi arab. Ngenxa yalokho, ukuvikelwa efakwe akusebenzi. Futhi, ungasyiswa kuya amasayithi ophathe, ngawo womabili kwenzeka ukweba imininingwane yakho epheqelezu, kuquka zezimali. Lezi amakheli uzohanjiswa Ukuvinjwa, nekhompyutha izozama ukuvula nabo endaweni yangakini.

Ukuze ugweme lokhu, zama njalo ubuyekeze isofthiwe yabo anti-virus, ukunqabela ukwenza noma yiluphi ushintsho kule fayela futhi libuyekeze. Ungagcina endaweni ethile ukubonakala kwakhe kokuqala umbhalo, futhi uma kukhona inkinga, faka idatha egcinwe. Lezi zenzo kuzokuvumela njalo ukufinyelela wonke amasayithi efanele, kanye virus yakho Enani - finyelela ubuyekeze igciwane yabo izincazelo. Kuleli nginakho konke ngokweqileyo Ngithemba ulwazi olungenhla inikezwe kuwe kucacile.