Izifo cactus. Izici Cacti ezikhulayo ekhaya

Cacti - indalo emangalisayo bemvelo ukuthi zingakwazi ukukhiqiza umoya ekhethekile ekhaya noma ehhovisi. I ezihlukahlukene bobunjwa, ubuhle obucayi izimbali zazo, amandla okwelapha abaningi babo nokuba lula yesondlo - konke lokhu kuyindlela enhle ukuqala cactus endlini.

izinhlobonhlobo Cacti

Ezweni of Cacti kukhona Ezindaweni ezinesomiso Afrika, eCanada naseMelika. Basuke ihlukaniswe ihlathi futhi ogwadule, futhi phezu Sills window ngazivumelanisa nendlela kahle nalabo nabanye. Nakuba kukhona abantu bakholwa ukuthi lezi amaSucculents kukhona linesizotha, kodwa ngaphambi uzithola prickly "umngane", kufanele wazi ukuthi kungenzeka isifo esisodwa noma kwenye cactus, anakho izitha ngaphakathi the bombo of izinambuzane, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu kudinga ukunakwa efanayo kanye nabanye abameleli izitshalo.

Ukuze ihlathi zinhlobo zihlanganisa:

• Rhipsalidopsis Gartner - lesi sitshalo ezinabantu ukuqhakaza izimbali ezinhle enkulu pink umbala isitini-bomvu.
• Fillokaktus Ackerman has eside neziqu kancane Wavy at emaphethelweni. Blooms izimbali ezinkulu ngo-May Nango-June.
• Cactus Schlumberger Buckley kuyinto eyaziwayo kangcono phakathi balimi ngokuthi "Decembrist". It has an arcuate engonxantathu sifanamsindvo, okuyinto zihlukaniswe izingxenye ezincane. It blooms kusuka November kuya ku-January, pink, white, purple noma izimbali ezibomvu.

Lona izinhlobo ethandwa kakhulu naleyo etholakala emizini. Lezi Cacti ku window bheka umxhwele, njengoba engavamile lezi izitshalo ifomu sifanamsindvo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukukhula emahlathini asezindaweni ezishisayo zemithi. inzuzo yabo eyinhloko - izimbali amahle. Ukuze sifinyelele izimbali zabo, kufanele wazi ezinye umehluko wemisindo nemiqondo yamagama ukubanakekela, kodwa ngokuvamile abawona fastidious ikakhulukazi.

abameleli ehlane

ehlane Lwabo "nabazala" kuvamile efasiteleni, kanti ethandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabo kukhona:

• Ariocarpus - babe stem ongaphakeme futhi flat, embozwe fluff. Beautiful ezimhlophe imbali efihlekile.
• Astrophytums abe ukuma isiyingi nge ribbing ezingavamile. Ngezinye izikhathi kukhona izimo lolu hlobo ngesimo inkanyezi.

• Aztekium - lolu hlobo 2 kuphela izinhlobo cactus nge shape oyindilinga izimbambo evelele futhi cishe thornless.
• Gymnocalycium - kwezinhlobo luningi kakhulu Cacti, okuyinto abe ukufana ezivamile: imbali yabo tube akububonisi izinwele.
• Cleistocactus zivela ashisayo ngesimo sendawo enezintaba. Sinenkosi cylindrical sifanamsindvo ezinabantu embozwe ameva ezincane. Nikeza zezimbali obuningi.
• Parody - uhlobo Cacti ezincanyana libhekene inqwaba efihlekile. Zifane ezincane amabhola Fluffy.
• Echinopsis - the "izivakashi" njalo kakhulu amafasitela sezimbali. Kungaba kokubili round nomumo side, yokuqhuma kuyinto izimbali ngendlela emangalisayo enhle enkulu.

Akukona zonke izinhlobo Cacti, futhi ngokuvamile kungenzeka omunye wabo ivele efasiteleni, njengoba ufuna ukuthenga esinye, kodwa nezinye izinhlobo, bese elandelayo nokunye. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukutshala Cacti - wokuzilibazisa real ukuthi kuletha okukhethekile lapho, ebonga uthando nokunakekela kwawo wonke izitshalo ukuhlangabezana zezimbali.

Ukunakekela Cacti: ukukhanyisa futhi ayakhala

Ngaphambi kokuba bathathe Cacti ezikhulayo, kufanele ukwazi ngezici obuvamile abamele iningi lolu hlobo isitshalo.

• Ekhaya Cacti isikhathi ukukhula iqala entwasahlobo.
• Kusukela ngoMashi, futhi kuze kube sekupheleni kuka-October, lezi zitshalo akudingeki ukuchelela ekuseni.
• Ngesikhathi sasehlobo, badinga ukudla eyengeziwe, okuyinto kufanele kwenziwe kanye ngesonto phosphorus-potassium fertilizer.
• Ebusika, izitshalo edinga ukuphumula, ngakho-ke Kunconywa ukuba uhlanze ezomile, kodwa epholile igumbi.

Ngaphambi sokutshala cactus, kufanele akhethe indawo efanelekayo, noma ukudala kukhanyiswe yikona, okuyinto ixhomeke inhlalakahle zalesi sitshalo.

Cacti ayazithanda izindawo egqamile, kodwa futhi kudingeka siqiniseke ukuthi izitshalo ungatholi UV ukusha. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ngokuphathelene izilwane ezisencane. Uma cactus waqala ukushintsha umbala, kufanele ngokushesha ayifake umthunzi, futhi fafaza indawo ethintekayo ne isixazululo of magnesium sulfate.

Nakuba ehlane zezintaka amaSucculents zijwayele ngenxa yesimo sezulu esishisayo, phela kuya kakhulu ngokuthi uhlobo cactus. Ukuze iningi lazo lokushisa elilungile ehlobo degrees 35, ngakho musa uwagcine ilanga.

Ebusika, izimbali abadinga izibani ezengeziwe, ongazisebenzisa izibani Fluorescent.

Ukunisela kumelwe futhi nezidingo zalesi sihlahla, kuye ngokuthi hlobo yayo, kodwa ngokuvamile kuba njalo ehlobo futhi kungagcini 1-2 ngenyanga ebusika. Cacti uncamela onqenqema elithambile, abilisiwe namanzi elicwengekileyo.

Ukunisela kungenziwa kusuka phezulu futhi ngokusebenzisa ugqoko, futhi ezinsukwini kushisa kakhulu Kunconywa ukuba ngaphezu kwalokho fafaza "isilwane".

Zitshala prickly "umngane"

Kuxhunyelelwa Cacti ekhaya kufanele uqale nge namandla ukukhetha, ukulungiselela umhlabathi nokuhlolwa ayimpoqo simila ngokwaso. Kukholakala ukuthi kungenziwa utshalwe nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, kodwa kungcono ukulinda kuze yokukhula, isibonelo, noJuni noma ngo-August-September.

Isidingo salokhu inqubo kwenzeka uma umthamo incane noma wabonakaliswa yisiphi isifo. Cactus, isibonelo, saphela sikhule, epidermis yayo egqwalile futhi balahlekelwa kuyaqina, kanye izimpande bathambekele "ukubaleka" kusukela imbiza-ke isikhathi sesifikile. Kuye ezihlukahlukene, lesi simo singenzeka kunoma iminyaka 2-6.

Ngaphambi ekuqaleni "ukusebenza" kuyadingeka kokukhumbula siphephe futhi bavikele izandla zabo kusukela izinaliti yakhe.

Ukuze wenze lokhu, ukulingana amagilavu awugqinsi, eligoqiwe izingqimba eziningana zamaphepha noma ambalwa izingcezu Foam. abatshali abanolwazi zisebenzisa nezizenze ekhethekile angathengwa at esitolo imbali.

Okubalulekile ukwazi: awukwazi ukudonsa cactus kusukela imbiza! Sibambe amandla isitshalo kufanele nabokhulumile futhi ngobumnene okuyinyakazisa. Uma kudingekile, ungakwazi ungqongqoze phezu ebhodweni.

Inqubo ukufakelwa amaSucculents

Kuxhunyelelwa cactus elandelayo izigaba senzeka ekhaya:

• Sula izimpande isitshalo uvela emhlabeni futhi ususe noma yimaphi amagatsha onesifo noma efile.
• Ukulishiya isitsha esingenalutho for izinsukwana ngaphandle primer isilonda ejwayele.
• Ukuvikela isitshalo ezifweni okungenzeka ohlelweni impande, kungenzeka ukuhlela okugeza hot. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ukuphuma amakhadibhodi imbeleko ithangi okwenyanga, okwenza umgodi kulo izimpande. Thela amanzi okugeza + 50-55 degrees kanye izimpande aphansi therein by Ukuchusha kubo emgodini nokufaka cactus kwi ukuma. Inqubo sihlala imizuzu 20, ngemva kwalokho lesi sitshalo kumele inikezwe ukuze ome, okungathatha izinsuku ezingu-2-3.
• primer Ulungele umdolofiya noma ukupheka siqu (indawo esihlabathini Xuba jikelele futhi emihle amatshe phansi 1: 1: 1) ukuba uthele imbiza phezu enwetshiwe ubumba ungqimba.
• ukubeka ngokucophelela isitshalo esitsheni, ukusakaza izimpande alisibekele inhlabathi.

Okubalulekile ukwazi: umhlaba uma ukutshala kufanele kube kahle ohlangene noma izandla noma u- imbiza. Uma isitshalo kuphezulu, kuze kube mzuzu kwalophiko endaweni entsha, idinga eyisipele.

Phakathi zitshala cactus izingane, uma ikhona, zihlukaniswe utshaleke iziqukathi ngabanye. Kubalulekile ukugwema kokulimaza izimpande abasha.

Indlela ukukhetha esitsheni for cactus

Ukukhetha amabhodwe ka Cacti, kubalulekile ukuba agxile eqinisweni lokuthi "izindlu" omusha kufanele kube 3-4 cm emikhulu kunalena eyedlule. Indaba engcono ubhekwa plastic ngenxa yezindleko zayo ongaphakeme, ukukhethwa enkulu imibala kanye isisindo ukukhanya. Kulabo abakhetha ngezinto zemvelo, ukuthenga izinto ezenziwe ngobumba, kodwa nezipakupaku Ukukhetha ezinkudlwana amafomu, okuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu kulolu hlobo isitshalo. Kuye ngalokho impande cactus, ungathenga imbiza okusezingeni eliphezulu futhi ayibanzi (ngoba base obukhulu) noma esifushane, kodwa ububanzi (nge ameva eside futhi mncane).

Uma cactus ilimele

Ngezinye izikhathi, lesi sifo uthola cactus ngenxa ukuhlukumezeka lokukhanda. Ngokwesibonelo, kungase etholwe nokusondelana emisebeni ultraviolet, uma engafanele ukufakelwa noma lapho ewa ebhodweni ne isitshalo esitezi.

Kulokhu, ngezinkinga zakhe zempilo izobonisa "izimpawu" ezinjalo:

• ububomvu ukuthi kwenzeka uma elangeni ngqo;
• izitshalo esishwabene ebusweni ibonisa supercooling yayo;
• ngaphandle ezibonakala izindawo ensundu, bese umhlabathi elicwile umquba for Cacti noma yena endaweni olumanzi kakhulu;
• ihlumela ukukhula ukuboshwa ibonisa ukuthi isitshalo bazithela abandayo kuye.

Uma umonakalo mechanical kwanele ukushintsha nemibandela komuntu umdolofiya noma aphathe ke isilonda nge isixazululo magciwane.

Izifo ngaphansi iziyaluyalu bokuphila

Izifo cactus ungathola ngenxa iziyaluyalu umzimba. Lezi kwezinso zihlanganisa:

• etiolation - kwenzeka uma ukuntuleka ukukhanya livela njengendlela epidermis ezishintshe umbala futhi ngilulekela ukuphakama;
• nokushoda Macro - futhi trace izakhi isifo obonakala njengenhlangano:
  • okusithiyayo sokukhula, elibangela ukuntuleka nitrogen;
  • Umbala cactus siyahlukahluka sasekhaya ukuntuleka kwamavithamini, ukungezwani okuyinto ebalulekile ukumuncwa nitrogen;
  • kumiswa izindawo ngokubomvu kubangela ukushoda yisibabule;
  • impande izitobhi ezikhulayo calcium lapho akwanele;
  • Uma isitshalo izimbali imisiwe, khona-ke udinga magnesium;
  • detkovanie ngokweqile kungase kubangelwe izinkinga yokuntuleka zinc;
  • isitshalo eyeka ezikhulayo lapho sintula ithusi, boron, molybdenum, i-iodine ne-chlorine.

Lezi izinkinga esikhathini ungaba cactus. Izifo nokwelashwa lezi zitshalo ngokuvamile kuxhomeke ezingeni lokunakekela ngabo, okubandakanya kokukhulelwa ngesikhathi esifanele, bagcine lokushisa, ukukhanyisa namazinga ayakhala, indlela yokwakheka inhlabathi.

izifo fungal

Ngaphambi sokutshala cactus, kungcono calcine phansi ukuze angatholi amagciwane kungenzeka kubangelwa isikhunta, amagciwane noma ama-virus. Lesi sigaba sihlanganisa izifo:

• okulimaza Late - isifo fungal ukuthi ezilimele uhlelo impande nezitshalo base stem. Izingxabano I-cactus engafinyelelwa ezitshalweni angomakhelwane, imifino kanye nezithelo. Ukwelashwa Kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa nesikhunta by ukwelashwa zonke 3-4 amahora ezilimele izindawo. Ngilusizo ezikulesi simila ukwelashwa zigodliwe "izabelo owomile". Ukungabi umswakama ngeke sivumele ukhunta ukusakaza, futhi ezindaweni ezilimele uzonyamalala bebodwa.

Kubalulekile ukwazi: Isimo ukungayinaki isifo siholela ekufeni zalesi sihlahla. Kulokhu, kufanele libhujiswe kanye phansi, futhi isitsha ngokuphelele ukugeza disinfected.

• Ukuswaba okulimaza - ukhunta ukuthi kwenzeka uma kukhona ngokweqile inisele izitshalo noma wena endaweni zinomswakama kakhulu. Ngaphandle, lesi sifo kubonakala njengoba nemibimbi stem eziphonsa yayo off. Waqale kujika phuzi ngalesosikhathi umbala onsundu kufika collar impande, futhi "izithelo" omnyama akhiwa sesimeni sokunganakwa emzimbeni cactus. Ngokuba nokuvimbela yokwelashwa ingatholakala eyenziwa fundazol, iqaphe izinga ngenkasa kanye ukuvimbela amanzi yokujama tsi. Ukwelashwa Kwenziwa ngesimo ukususwa ezindaweni ezilimele futhi ekwelapheni amanxeba oluhlaza abakhaliphile grey noma ngamalahle.
• isikhunta Gray - omunye ukhunta ehlasela sidewall stem noma indawo lapho imigomo zenziwe. Ngakho iziguli izingxenye babe mushy futhi wambozwa grey ukuchichima. Gwema ukuzichaya umswakama, futhi izingxenye ezilimele kususwe leli nxeba fafaza Nystatin noma nesibabule.
• Alternaria (abamnyama bola) - isifo fungal kubonakala ngesimo black amabala manzi futhi ucwebezela brown amabala amanzi emzimbeni isitshalo. Ukwelashwa kuphela ngokususa zonke izindawo ezilimele kuze izicubu onempilo, okuyinto edingekayo ukucubungula nesibabule.

Akukona konke izifo fungal of Cacti, kodwa ngokuvamile iningi imbangela nesenzakalo yabo sekuba umswakama umhlabathi oqinile futhi umoya egumbini lapho isitshalo kuwufanele. Ukuze ugweme izinkinga, kungcono ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuze aphuzise fungicide cactus futhi siqinisekise ukuthi izwe phakathi waterings omisiwe ngokuphelele.

Izinambuzane kanye nezinambuzane

Isimanga siwukuthi kodwa cactus kungalima- yizilwanyana eziwuhlupho, kanye nezinye izinhlobo houseplants. Imbangela isifo sabo kungabandakanya:

• Mealybug - eshiya izigaxa ebonakalayo elimhlophe, efana uvolo. Lapho kubonakala zisuswe bengamenyiwe "isivakashi" nge udlawana noma ibhulashi, bese aphathe ebusweni imbali garlic isixazululo utshwala. Ngemva kwalokho lesi sitshalo akufanele wadalula ngenyanga imisebe yelanga. Uma lesion likhulu kakhulu, uzodinga ukusebenzisa fufanona futhi aktellik.
• Spider ngomnikelo omncane incane ebonakalayo, kodwa ibonakala cactus, uma umoya endlini yome kakhulu. Yena ngokoqobo sucks zonke juice kulesi simila, lezinti zalo ngenkathi ophuzi. Ungakwazi alwe necebo insipho.
• Nematode - ifomu ezingemnandi kakhulu worm, okuyinto okunzima ukubhekana nakho. Phezu ukuthola nematodes zonke izimpande ezilimele kufanele kususwe, kanti nezitshalo zidluliselwa ku inhlabathi entsha nezinkamba ka Cacti.

Lawa izimuncagazi main ezingalimaza isilwane prickly. isikhathi Okubalulekile ukuthola inkinga futhi silungise kuze isitshalo ayizange zabhekana, usengozini enkulu.