Izici ngokuqhathanisa we amaplanethi yesimiso sonozungezilanga: incazelo kanye ezithakazelisayo amaqiniso

Kunzima ukucabanga ukuthi izinto ngeke Ubukhulu bezulu nomhlaba. siqu isimiso sethu sonozungezilanga sibonakala likhulu kakhulu, elula amamayela ayizigidi zezigidi ezine ukusuka elangeni. Kodwa kuba - esisodwa nje sifana nabanye izinkanyezi ezakha yomthala wethu iMilky Way.

izici Jikelele amaplanethi esimisweni sonozungezilanga

Isithombe evamile yesimiso sonozungezilanga simiswe ngalendlela lelandzelako: 9 amaplanethi azungeza emzileni yabo emhlabeni okusaqanda unomphela, ilanga njalo ovuthayo.

Kodwa izici amaplanethi yesimiso sonozungezilanga ithi ukuba yinkimbinkimbi kakhudlwana futhi ezithakazelisayo. Ngaphezu bebodwa, kunezindlela eziningi satellites, kanye izinkulungwane asteroyidi. Ngalé emzileni Pluto, okuyinto wayebhekwa njengomuntu iplanethi yemifino, zikhona amashumi ezinkulungwane lezinkanyezi ezinomsila kanye nezinye imihlaba eqandisiwe. Amandla adonsela phansi agcina Sun, bona singaxoxi nganoma amabanga amade. Uhlelo elanga kunezinxushunxushu, njalo siguqula, ngezinye izikhathi kakhulu. Gravity amandla engumakhelwane amaplanethi ezithinta nomunye ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ushintsha orbit nomunye. ukushayisana Hard nge asteroyidi amaplanethi anganika engeli entsha. Izici Zabantu isimiso sonozungezilanga amaplanethi Kuyathakazelisa ngoba kwesinye isikhathi bayashintsha izimo zezulu, ngoba izikhathi eziphindwe zabo ziphenduke futhi ishintshe.

Star Ngokuthi Sun

Kubuhlungu ungaqondi, kodwa ilanga kancane kancane washisa impahla yabo uphethiloli zenuzi. ngeke ukwandisa usayizi red giant inkanyezi, ashwabadele amaplanethi Mercury ne-Venus, Emhlabeni njengoba izinga lokushisa likhuphuka izinkomba ezinjalo, ukuthi ulwandle ngeke ahwamuke, futhi umhlaba esomile emhlabeni enamadwala like namuhla Mercury ngokusebenzisa eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane zezigidi. Njengoba isiphelile lonke isitokwe Fusion zenuzi, iLanga kuyehla kube ubukhulu umboniso wezinsiza, futhi ngemva izigidi zeminyaka, liphelile njengendlela igobolondo, ube yemifino abamnyama. Kodwa eminyakeni 5 billion edlule, i-Sun namaplanethi alo 9 wayengekho. Kukhona izinguqulo eziningi ezihlukene ukuvela cosmic igesi lwamafu ilanga uthuli njengoba protostar nesimiso salo, kodwa ngenxa esiyizigidigidi zeminyaka Fusion zenuzi indoda yesimanje ukubukela kuso njengoba nje manje.

Bekanye Umhlaba kwamanye amaplanethi lale nkanyezi uqambe Sun yazalwa eminyakeni engaba yizigidi eziyizinkulungwane 4.6 edlule kusuka Ifu elikhulu uthuli, okuyinto uphendukisa emkhathini. Inkanyezi yethu - ibhola amalangabi igesi, uma kungenzeka ukuba uhlole ilanga, isikali sasiyobonisa 1990 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 khilogremu ndaba ehlanganisa hydrogen ne-helium.

amandla adonsela phansi

Gravity, ngokososayensi, imfihlakalo okuyimfihlakalo yonke. Le ukhangwa ingenye ndaba kwenye futhi yini eyenza amaplanethi akha ibhola. Gravity kwelanga unamandla ngokwanele ukuba agcine 9 amaplanethi, iziphuphutheki kanye inqwaba izinkulungwane asteroyidi kanye lezinkanyezi ezinomsila. Konke lokhu esiqhutshwa emhlabeni ilanga imicu engabonakali gravity. Kodwa nge okwandisa ibanga phakathi isikhala letigcogcwe ngaphambilini Luhambo buthakathaka ngokushesha phakathi kwazo. Izimpawu amaplanethi yesimiso sonozungezilanga kuncike amandla adonsela phansi. Ngokwesibonelo, ekhangayo Pluto weLanga lincane kakhulu amandla Luhambo phakathi kwelanga Mercury noma Venus. Sun Nomhlaba kuthiwa Okusizayo bakhangane, kodwa ngenxa yokuthi kunobukhulu bendawo Sun olukhudlwana, kanye Luhambo kungxenye yakhe namandla kakhulu. izici ngokuqhathanisa we amaplanethi yesimiso sonozungezilanga kuzokusiza uqonde izici eziyinhloko ngamunye amaplanethi.

Imisebe yelanga e-izinkomba ezahlukene emkhathini, ukufinyelela wonke amaplanethi ayisishiyagalolunye ukuthi azungeza ilanga. Kodwa kuncike planet elikude kanjani, kuziwa inani elihlukile yokukhanya, kungakho izici ezahlukene amaplanethi yesimiso sonozungezilanga.

mercury

On Mercury, esondelene kakhulu elangeni, izinto zemvelo, Sun livela izikhathi 3 ngaphezulu kuqhathaniswa ne ilanga yasemhlabeni. Usuku ebusweni Mercury kungaba ezigqame ngokuxhophayo. Kodwa isibhakabhaka amnyama ngisho emini, ngoba akanawo umoya ukushaya abese esakaza elangeni. Lapho ilanga has a landscape itshe Mercury, okushisa ongafinyelela afinyelela ku 430 C. Kodwa nokho zonke ukushisa ebusuku wabuya ngokukhululekile emkhathini, kanye nezinga lokushisa elizosetshenziswa surface iplanethi sika angehla -173 C.

Venus

Izici Zabantu isimiso sonozungezilanga amaplanethi (Libanga 5 betadisha lesi sihloko) kuholela ukucabangela iplanethi eseduze Terran - Venus. Venus, iplanethi yesibili ukusuka elangeni, lizungezwe emkhathini okuyinto ikakhulu siqukethe igesi - dioxide carbon. Ngo ezifana isimo njalo waphawula namafu sulfuric acid. Ngokuthakazelisayo, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi Venus ukude okuningi kusuka kwelanga kunokudla Mercury, izinga lokushisa yayo amaqabunga ngaphezulu bese sifinyelela 480 C. Isizathu salokhu carbon dioxide izenzo, okuyinto i-greenhouse gas umphumela bese igcina ukushisa emhlabeni. Venus has a usayizi ofanayo kanye kwabantu umhlaba, kodwa izakhiwo emkhathini ziyingozi izinto eziphilayo. Ukusabela Chemical ukukhiqiza amafu acid uyakwazi Ukuqedwa phambili, ithini amatshe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Venus imbozwe izinkulungwane mlilo nemifula lava ukuthi kwamiswa izigidi zeminyaka. Eduze ebusweni Venus 'umkhathi izikhathi 50 nesisindo esikhudlwana kuka Umkhathi. Ngakho-ke, zonke izinto ukungena ngokusebenzisa ke umlilo ngaphambi odluliselwe kwamanzi. Ososayensi baye bathola Venus izindawo flat 400, ngamunye okuyinto kusukela km 29 48 ububanzi. It - emkhathini izibazi olwaqubuka phezu kwamanzi kule planethi.

umhlaba

Izwe lapho sonke kuyo, kuyinto izimo ezikahle emkhathini futhi lokushisa ukuphila, ngoba isibhakabhaka sethu yakhiwa ngokuyinhloko nitrogen ne-oxygen. Ososayensi baye bafakazela ukuthi Umhlaba uzungeza ilanga, ebe, osizweni kolunye uhlangothi. Ngempela, isikhundla iplanethi kuphambuka engela ilungelo 23.5 degrees. Lokhu kuthambekela, kanye lingakanani, ngokuvumelana ososayensi, iplanethi yethu ithole emva ukushayisana enamandla ngomzimba cosmic. Kuyinto lokhu kuthambekela Zomhlaba lwakha zonyaka: ubusika, intwasahlobo, ihlobo noma ekwindla.

Mars

Ngemva Earth-Mars. On Mars, ilanga kubonakala kathathu ezincane kunomhlaba. Kuphela zengxenye yesithathu yezwe, uma kuqhathaniswa nalokho ukubona abantu, uthola Mars. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kule planethi ngokuvamile kwenzeka iziphepho, ephakamisela uthuli abomvu ebusweni. Kodwa, noma kunjalo, ezinsukwini ehlobo on Mars, izinga lokushisa ongafinyelela 17 C, kanye Emhlabeni. Mars zibomvu ngenxa yensimbi oxide okuvela emhlabathini yayo anqande ngokubomvu - ukukhanya orange kwelanga, ngamanye amazwi, lo enhlabathini ye-Mars yakhiwa eziningi yensimbi ibuthuntu, kaningi shayela Mars le planethi ebomvu. Mars emoyeni azinasisindo -1 iphesenti kwabantu ozungeze umhlaba. Isibhakabhaka planethi siqukethe carbon dioxide. Ososayensi bayavuma ukuthi kule planethi kanye, eminyakeni engaba ngu-2 billion edlule, babe emifuleni nasemithonjeni amanzi esimweni woketshezi, emkhathini equkethwe oksijini, ngoba yensimbi embozwe nokugqwala kuphela ukuxhumana nomoya-mpilo. Kungenzeka ukuthi umoya Mars yake efanelekayo ukuvela bokuphila ngokwako kule planethi.

Ngokuphathelene nemingcele zamakhemikhali ngokomzimba engezansi ibonisa sici isimiso sonozungezilanga amaplanethi (itafula yini amaplanethi eliwumhlaba).

Njengoba ubona, ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali emkhathini we amaplanethi ezintathu ihlukile kakhulu.

Lona sici isimiso sonozungezilanga amaplanethi. Ithebula elingenhla libonisa ngokucacile isilinganiso kwamakhemikhali ahlukahlukene, kanye ingcindezi, izinga lokushisa namanzi ukutholakala ku ngamunye kubo, ukuze umqondo jikelele ngakho manje abangu ayisebenzi.

Izidlakela Solar System

Ukuze Mars amaplanethi giant owakhiwa igesi. izici ezithakazelisayo ngokomzimba amaplanethi yesimiso sonozungezilanga ezifana Jupiter, Saturn, i-Uranus ne-Neptune.

Zonke imidondoshiya embozwe ungqimba namafu, wonke okwalandela uthola eLangeni ukukhanya kancane. Nge-Jupiter Sun ifana yesihlanu yalokho abakubonayo abantu. Jupiter - iplanethi esimisweni sonozungezilanga kanye nobukhulu ngobukhulu. Ngaphansi amafu ammonia namanzi Jupiter embozwe ocean metal ketshezi i-hydrogen. Isici se-planethi khona endaweni giant elibomvu iphezu kwamafu ulenga phezu yenkabazwe yayo. Lokhu giant isiphepho ubude cishe 48 000 km, okuyinto uzungeza emhlabeni iminyaka engaphezu kuka-300. Saturn - iplanethi in the Solar System show. On Saturn, elangeni sibuthakathaka, kodwa namanje inamandla enele kukhanyisa omkhulu indandatho uhlelo planethi. Izinkulungwane izindandatho, okuyinto aqukethe ikakhulu ice, engenisa ukukhanya kwelanga, nokuguqula ubabeke embuthanweni giant yokukhanya.

izindandatho Saturn abazange asehlolisisiwe ososayensi Earthlings. Kwezinye izinguqulo, base ezakhiwe ukushayisana womngane wakhe nge enomsila noma elisemkhathini, futhi ngaphansi kwethonya gravity seziye zaphenduka indandatho enkulu.

Iplanethi Uranus - emhlabeni abandayo, esemgwaqweni ku ukukhanya main at ibanga amakhilomitha 2.9 bhiliyoni. lokushisa kwesilinganiso sayo asemkhathini ka -177 C. Leplanethi kanye enyakazayo ngobukhulu, futhi uzungeza ilanga, ebe elele ezinsikeni zawo, ngisho kolunye uhlangothi.

Pluto

Iplanethi ezikude kakhulu 9 - ezineqhwa Pluto - kukhanya ukukhanya abandayo elikude, itholakala amakhilomitha 5.8 billion no ubukeka inkanyezi ekhanya kakhulu endaweni esibhakabhakeni esimnyama. Leplanethi elincane ngakho futhi uqhele kakhulu Earth ukuthi ososayensi bazi ngakho impela kancane. Indawo yayo siqukethe nitrogen ice, ukwenza omunye revolution uzungeza ilanga, idinga mayelana 284 Earth iminyaka. Ilanga kule planethi akuhlukile zezigidi zabanye izinkanyezi.

kwebalingisi Okugcwele amaplanethi esimisweni sonozungezilanga

Ithebula (5-ibanga befunda lesi sihloko imininingwane) elise ngezansi, abakwazi kuphela uthole umqondo mayelana amaplanethi yesimiso sonozungezilanga, kodwa futhi kunikeza ithuba eziqhathanisa ku nemingcele eziyisisekelo.

Njengoba ubona, amaplanethi Earth-like emthaleni wethu lapho. kwebalingisi amaplanethi esimisweni sonozungezilanga (Table 5 ekilasini) ngenhla kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuba akuqonde lokhu.

isiphetho

Incazelo emfushane amaplanethi yesimiso sonozungezilanga kuzovumela abafundi shí ezweni isikhala khumbula ukuthi uma nje abantu kukhona izidalwa kuphela ohlakaniphile phakathi ngendawo yonke enkulu ngokungenakulinganiswa elalibazungezile kumele njalo ukuvikela, balondoloze futhi ubuyisele.