Isitayela sesayensi: izici zayo eziyinhloko

Isitayela sesayensi yisitayela senkulumo esetshenziselwa isayensi nokufunda. Izici zayo eziyinhloko yizinto ezilandelayo: okujwayelekile nokungaqondakali, isichazamazwi, ukugcizelela logic. Izici eziyinhloko: okungafani, ukunemba kwe-semantic, ukulingana, ukulingana, ukuphuza, ukukhwabanisa, ukucaca, ukungabi namasiko, ukungazenzisi, izithombe, ukuhlola, njll.

Kunezindlela ezintathu eziyingqayizivele: isitayela sangempela sesayensi yombhalo (izihloko, ama-monographs, ama-dissertations, imibiko yesayense, izinkulumo ezinkomfa zesayensi, izingxabano), isayensi nesemfundo (izinkulumo, izincwadi), isayensi ethandwayo (izihloko, imibiko yesayensi ethandwayo , imizwa).

Isitayela sesayensi: izici zayo eziyinhloko

I-Academician Likhachev DS emisebenzini yakhe yabonisa:

1. Izidingo zesitayela zesayensi zihluke kakhulu ezidingweni zolimi lwezinganekwane.

Ukusetshenziswa kwezifanekiselo nemifanekiso ehlukene ngolimi lomsebenzi wesayensi kuvunyelwe kuphela uma kubalulekile ukubeka ukugcizelela okunengqondo emcabangweni othile. Esikhathini isitayela sesayensi, isithombe kuphela idivayisi yokufundisa edingekayo ukuheha umqondo oyinhloko womsebenzi.

Ulimi oluhle ngempela lwesitayela sesayensi akufanele lubonwe ngumfundi. Kufanele aqaphele kuphela umcabango, hhayi ulimi olucacisiwe ngalo.

4. Inzuzo eyinhloko yolwazi lwesayensi licacile.

5. Ezinye izinzuzo zesitayela zesayensi - kuphuza, ukukhanya, ukulula.

Isitayela sezesayensi sisho ukusetshenziselwa okuncane ukusetshenziswa kwamagatya angaphansi kwemisebenzi yesayensi. Imisho kufanele ibe mfushane, ukuguqulwa komusho owodwa kuya komunye - wemvelo nokuqondakalayo, "okungaqondakali."

Ukusetshenziswa okuvamile kwamazwi kufanele kugwenywe, okuholela omunye ukuba acabange ukuthi asetshenzisiwe, lapho abhekisela kubo.

9. Ungesabi ukuphinda uphinde uzame ukuwachitha ngokuzenzakalelayo. Umqondo ofanayo kufanele ukhethwe ngegama elifanayo, alikwazi ukuguqulwa igama elifanayo. Kudingekile ukugwema ukuphindaphinda okunjalo kuphela, okuvela ebuphofu bolimi lomlobi.

10. Kudingekile ukugwema amagama-ama-parasites, angafaki lutho kumcabango. Noma kunjalo, umqondo obalulekile kufanele udalulwe ngokuningiliziwe, nokunye ukuyeka.

Isitayela sesayensi sidinga ukunakwa okukhethekile izinga lemagama. Kungcono ukusebenzisa igama "okuphambene" esikhundleni sokuthi "uguquke", "umehluko" kunokuba "umehluko".

Imibhalo yesitayela sesayensi: izici zamathuluzi olimi

- Bhala amagama ngamagama abstract (abstract) kanye nencazelo ejwayelekile (ukuzindla, ukucabanga, ukungabi namandla, ushintsho);

- silulumagama jikelele wesayensi (inqubo, ubukhulu, ikhwalithi, ingxenye, imbangela);

- amagama-magama - isethi yamagama, ahlangene ohlelweni lwesimiso sesayensi ethize (ipankton, phoneme, congruence, reflection);

- inhlanganisela ethile yamagama (iphuzu lokubilisa, inkinga yezenhlalakahle, ama-pancreas, isigwebo esisodwa) ;

- izimpendulo eziphezulu (cishe ngo-13%), iziphakamiso, izihlanganisi, izinhlanganisela zangaphambili (ngenxa yezizathu, ngosizo, ngesisekelo, ngokuphathelene ..., ngokuphathelene, ngokuphathelene ... njll);

- Imisho enzima (ikakhulukazi eyinkimbinkimbi);

- Iziphakamiso ngamagama ezethulo, ukuguquka kokubamba iqhaza nokubambe iqhaza.

Isitayela sesayensi kufanele sijwayele wonke umuntu.