Isistimu: izibonelo incazelo. Izibonelo inethiwekhi wokusebenza

Uxhumano OS njengomdala uhlelo lokusebenza ukuthi uye esakhelwe amakhono ngokusebenzisana amanethiwekhi computer. Lezi zici eyinqaba kungabandakanya:

• Sekela ezahlukene imishini inethiwekhi kanye inethiwekhi olandelwayo ;
• Ukulungisa olandelwayo umzila kanye kwenethiwekhi zokuhlunga,
• khona kule isevisi yenethiwekhi uhlelo elikuvumela ukusebenzisa abasebenzisi akude izinsiza computer.

yesistimu yokusebenza Network - isibonelo izimvilophu ezifana:

• U-Novell NetWare.
• Abaningi-GNU / Linux uhlelo.
• I-Microsoft Windows (95, NT futhi kamuva).
• Abaningi Unix izinhlelo ezifana Solaris, FreeBSD.
• iOS; ZyNOS inkampani ZyXEL.

Imisebenzi esemqoka kukhona ukwehlukana uhlelo OS inethiwekhi imithombo (isib sediski) kanye nabaphathi bawo. Ngosizo imisebenzi inethiwekhi umlawuli uhlelo ichaza imithombo wabelane, usethe iphasiwedi, inquma amalungelo wokufinyelela umsebenzisi ngamunye nobe licembu abasebenzisi.

Isistimu yokusebenza, isibonelo alokhu eboniswe ngenhla, abe division zibe:

• inethiwekhi yokusebenza systems for amaseva;
• inethiwekhi nhlelo kubasebenzisi.

Kukhona ekhethekile yesistimu yokusebenza yalolu hlobo, lapho kuvamile izakhiwo (Windows NT), futhi elula uhlelo lokusebenza (Windows XP), yini esinikeziwe senethiwekhi imisebenzi. Okwamanje, cishe asetshenziswa njalo wokusebenza ukudidiyela imisebenzi.

Isakhiwo OS kunethiwekhi ububanzi

Uxhumano avtooperatsionnaya umqondo luyisisekelo yiluphi uhlelo kukhompyutha. Noma iyiphi idivayisi Computing izimele ngomsebenzi wayo. Ngenxa yalokho, i-operating system inethiwekhi ngomqondo wesimanje kusho eyinkimbinkimbi computer amaningana olulodwa uxhumana nomunye ngokuthumela ulwazi nezisetshenziswa Kwabiwa ngokuvumelana kwemithetho jikelele - yezifiso.

Ngomqondo ezincane eziningi-operating system enjalo, isibonelo lapho kungabonwa kumadivayisi eziningi zalezi zinsuku - iqoqo izinhlelo efakwe kukhompyutha yakho, okuvumela ukuba usebenze ngokubambisana namanye amadivayisi.

Izici

Of inothi oluthile eziningi izakhi lapho yesistimu yokusebenza yalolu hlobo usebenze:

• ukwabiwa kumemori yesikhashana ngoba wokugaya ukulawula amadivayisi multiprocessor;
• ikhono lokuphatha computer eqhelile.

Ngamanye amazwi, kungenzeka kwemithombo kanye ulwazi ukusetshenziswa olulodwa liyisici ebalulekile ohlelweni inethiwekhi yokusebenza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, wokusebenza, izibonelo zazo kuxoxwa ngenhla, ngempela zihlanganisa umsebenzi:

• amafayela Lock namarekhodi (okuyinto edingekayo uma idivayisi isetshenziswa ndawonye);
• ukuphathwa lwemibhalo amagama inethiwekhi imithombo;
• ukucutshungulwa ucela ukufinyelela kusistimu yefayela, futhi ezihlukahlukene ulwazi ifomu kude;
• ukulawula nomunye ukucela abasebenzisi akude ukuba ngamacebo abo.

Izakhi ephambili

Kusho isicelo yokwemukela izinsiza akude futhi isicelo sabo ezisebenzayo iklayenti isici okuthiwa redirector. Lo msuka inikeza incazelo bese eyithumela imibuzo kunethiwekhi ukuze izinsiza akude avela kubasebenzisi izicelo ezahlukene. Kulokhu, isicelo Iphuma kuhlelo lokusebenza yangakithi, wabe inethiwekhi ngenye indlela elihambisana imvelo iseva.

Iklayenti ingxenye, ngaphezu, uthola izimpendulo namanye amaseva futhi siguqule kubo ku nezakhiwo wendawo. Ngakho-ke, izicelo akude futhi lendawo wamukela izicelo ngokufanayo.

yesistimu yokusebenza Network, isibonelo operation elichazwa ngenhla, futhi kube nokukhulumisana kusho ukuhlinzeka inethiwekhi ngokwabelana ngolwazi. Lezi zimali le ekhuluma futhi ukugcina kumthamo isaziso engenayo, ukukhethwa umzila yokudlulisela in kwenethiwekhi, ukudluliswa zokuphepha, nokunye. N. Ngamanye amazwi, lesi sici unesibopho kokuthutha ulwazi inethiwekhi.

Ngokuya ngezici etholakala ikhompyutha ethile, yesistimu yokusebenza yayo kungenzeka ukuthi awunayo i-server noma iklayenti uhlangothi.

Izibonelo inethiwekhi wokusebenza we isizukulwane sokuqala

Eyokuqala yesistimu yokusebenza inethiwekhi olufana iqoqo ekhona zendawo inethiwekhi OS igobolondo njengenhlangano add-on-ke. Kulokhu, uhlelo lokusebenza lendawo has ayimbijana inethiwekhi imisebenzi, njengoba abahileleke ngokuqondile ukuqaliswa kwe-shell. Uhlelo kunazo owaziwa yalolu hlobo, lapho wathola emhlabeni wonke kwandile, baba MS DOS. Kusukela ngo-ukusatshalaliswa wesithathu igobolondo, Yaphathwa izici ezifana okuhlangene kanye Ukuvinjwa of amarekhodi kanye namafayela edingekayo ngenjongo ukufinyelela jikelele amafayela. Isimiso esifanayo isinyathelo futhi kabanzi inethiwekhi wokusebenza wamanje - LANtastic futhi PersonalWare.

izigaba Advanced yentuthuko

Nokho, ethembisayo kuyindlela lesingiko siphindze sitfutfukise luhlelo esebenzayo yenethiwekhi, esasizinikezele ukusebenzisa kunethiwekhi. Imisebenzi amagobolondo ezinjalo zihlanganiswa shí ukhiye yabo uhlelo amamojuli, oqinisekisa ukuhambisana kwemicabango njengemisho yabo okunengqondo, ukukhuluma ngendlela elula ukusebenza ngcono, kanye nokusebenza okuhle. Namuhla, omningi imithombo ahlinzekwe ngayo ukwenza ngcono lwalezi nhlelo zokusebenzisa. Izibonelo zalolu hlobo lohlelo - ezihlukahlukene kukaMoya Windows NT kuMicrosoft.