Isiphunzi - kuyisisekelo isihlahla izithelo

Isiphunzi - onjani igama ezithakazelisayo yaziwa, mhlawumbe, kuphela kubathandi ingadi? Futhi kukhona abantu etshalwa ku iziza zabo apula kanye amagonandoda, kungenzeka uyavumelana sezinto eziphilayo Russian kanye umfuyi IV Michurin, kusho isitokwe - kuyisisekelo isihlahla izithelo, ebheka varietal libe nezici: ijamo, ubungako kanye ukunambitheka. Asizwise lokhu kuvela kanjani.

Isiphunzi for apula izihlahla: imfihlo ezikhulayo izinhlobonhlobo engcono

Izithelo izihlahla zingatshalwa kusuka imbewu. Kodwa izitshalo ezintsha kuzohluka isivuno ukusebenza, hardiness, fruiting, njll Ngisho noma baye landa lisuka imbewu lihhabhula. Ngakho-ke, kubonelelwa kakhulu ama-ukukhiqizwa kabusha vegetative, okungukuthi, ukuxhumelela cuttings noma efihlekile zalesi sihlahla izinhlobo oluthandayo ku izithombo ekhethiwe.

Stock - lena ngokunembile yisithombo, okuyinto ekhuthaza cuttings futhi amahlumela (the Scion). Kuchaza impilo yonke izihlahla esizayo, ukuqina yayo kanye nekhwalithi izithelo. Ngakho-ke, kumele isitokwe ezovumelana nezimo zendawo zezulu, ukumelana nezilokazane nezifo. Kodwa lokhu namanje kudingeka nigxilise kuhle kuye kunezimpande.

izithombo ezikhulayo ukuthatha iminyaka 4:

• 1 unyaka - izithombo landa lisuka imbewu;
• ngonyaka 2 - ziyakhula kubo Scion;
• ngonyaka 3 - yisithombo Lonyaka ikhula;
• ngonyaka 4 - yisithombo zisetshenziswa utshalwe endaweni ehlala njalo.

Imbewu izithombo bakhethwa ngokucophelela, futhi ukuze bakwazi itshalwe entwasahlobo, kufanele ibhekane babhekane nezinga elikhulu. Kuyini lokhu?

Indlela ukulungiselela imbewu ukuze rootstocks engcono

Ukuze eziqinile izithombo imbewu esetshenziswa athuthukiswe kahle, oqinile futhi avuthwa izithelo. Ngokuvamile akhethiwe cultivars ezifana Grushovka eMoscow, Antonivka, Borovinka. Ngaphambi ukuhlwanyelwa ekwindla, basuke ezikhethwe ngokucophelela, omisiwe futhi nje ke abatshalwé. Amahlumela zokuqala avele komnyaka.

Uma imbewu bayahamba Tshala entwasahlobo, kumelwe babe abaphile pre-babhekane nezinga elikhulu - yokuvuthwa ezingeni lokushisa ethile, ngaphandle kwalokho izithombo ngeke.

Ngenxa yale njongo babendlala ebhokisini nge Peat nesihlabathi oswakanyiswe wafaka ezingeni lokushisa 5-7 ° C endaweni emnyama. Ngokwesilinganiso, inqubo ukugcina imbewu Kuthatha izinsuku ezingu 80-90. It kuncike grade yabo. Ngezikhathi, badinga uyophuziswa ukuze abazi wabuna. Uma Yaqala ukuhluma kwesikhathi, ibhokisi kumele iyiswe endaweni lapho kuzoba ukubambelela esigculisayo zero lokushisa.

isiphunzi into encane ngenxa apula

Izithombo ngoba izihlahla zezithelo anamandla, aphakathi nendawo, lulwimi yemifino. Ngamunye kufanele yabo izici elikhiqizayo nezimfuneko okuqukethwe siqu. Kodwa ithandwa enkulu baqala ukusebenzisa yemifino. Kubangelwa yini lokho?

Inzuzo ayejatshulelwa isiphunzi yemifino apples and amagonandoda, iyona high izithelo (ezinkulu, ezihlwabusayo, elikhanyayo), ngaleso sikhatsi bafundza bacala uvuthwe kakade eminyakeni 2 noma 3. Ngaphezu kwalokho, sivimbela ukukhula izithombo zezihlahla, elingamamitha amabili kuphela. Ngakho-ke lula ukuba banakekele futhi asingathe zinambuzane, futhi bavuna eyodwa ndawo etholakale ezikhathini 3 ezingaphezu kuka kusuka endaweni usayizi ofanayo lapho izithombo eyingqabavu yatshalwa.

Kodwa amaphutha futhi has a isiphunzi yemifino. Lolu hlelo impande eligcizelela ukubukeka kwangaphandle, uthambekela okokuqandisa, futhi adinga ukufakwa izisekelo ngokweseka esihlahleni, kanye ukuthambisa njalo kule sizini hot.

Ezinye izinhlobo zama-yemifino apula izithombo for

Paradizka IX - kuyinto isiphunzi yemifino for roses apula bobunjwa. Okuhle safaka, it has a yizinkomba zezomnotho nezinto eziphilayo okusezingeni eliphezulu. Kuphendula ezihlabayo zikhule aminyene, umbala onsundu ephethe tinge ophuzi, embozwe amaqabunga obukhulu okweqanda. Nge eyodwa ehlathini 10 itholakale ngaphambi layering. Ngenxa engajulile uhlelo impande lapho ubekwa ensimini, badinga ukudala ukwesekwa okuthembekile. Izithombo kwendle enhlabathini, kungcono kakhulu kwanda palmettnyh namasimu ezithelo Shpalernaya-yemifino.

Omunye ethandwa rootstocks yemifino for apula izihlahla - Paradizka krasnolistnyh. It has a ukumelana frost, ngakho zingatshalwa izifunda esenyakatho ye-mpumalanga. Sifanamsindvo namaqabunga sombala sekhethelo. Umhlabathi ngabo ukuba okuxekethile olumanzi. Qala ukuthela izithelo zakuqala, isivuno high. Omunye ethile - izinkuni ethambile, ngenxa lapho apula emthambekeni phansi.

Indlela ukutshala izithombo

I-Miniature apula isiphunzi for evundile futhi zabekwa inhlabathi enothe okuxekethile. Le ndawo kufanele kahle ovuthayo kanye evikelekile emoyeni. Usayizi zokutshala imbobo 100 ngo-70 cm umquba amaminerali kungenziwa wanezela. Ngenxa yale njongo, ukusekelwa sifakwe therein wathela indunduma humus noma potassium chloride, phezulu ikhava ungqimba inhlabathi ngaphandle izithasiselo amaminerali (5-6 cm).

Rootstocks abatshalwé ukuze izimpande zawo zase ziba inhlabathi umanyolo phezulu avalwa. Uma ubumba noma amanzi phansi abasondelene lokubikezela, wenze amagquma ngobuningi kufika ku-50 cm. Kuyadingeka ukuba siqiniseke ukuthi inqubo yokuxhumelela akabonakalanga emhlabathini. Scion kumele kube 5 cm ngaphezu komhlabathi, kungenjalo eya izimpande futhi ukubhasha komzimba kulahleka.

Futhi ekugcineni ...

Isiphunzi - yisithombo, okuyinto kuwo kwesinye isitshalo. Umuthi omusha luyokhula wayefisa izici begazi nezomnotho, kodwa kuphela uma kwenzeka ukuthi yisithombo enempilo futhi ithele landa lisuka imbewu akhethiwe yobude obuphelele izokhetheka. Kodwa lokho akwanele. Ukuze sijabulise yakhe sokuvuna apula esizayo, kubalulekile ukuba yisithombo ngokucophelela ukuqapha futhi unakekele kuzo zonke izigaba zokukhula kwayo, ukwakha esifike ngesikhathi futhi ukulungisa umqhele wakhe, ukusuthisa umquba ngokuvikela ngokumelene sezulu kanye izinambuzane.