Shchusev Museum: ikheli. Indawo egcina amagugu esizwe Architectural. Shchusev

isakhiwo mlando inhlokodolobha Russian - the Bolshoi Theatre, St Vasiliya Blazhennogo nezinye, ukufihla izimfihlo eziningi. Vula kubo, kanye ukuzijwayelanisa Muscovites nge umlando izakhiwo odumile, umkhandlu uqonde Museum Architectural. Shchusev. Lo mbukiso Museum - njalo uswidi yangempela for Ongoti yobuciko yokwakha.

A indawo lapho izakhiwo kuza ekuphileni

State Shchusev Museum - kuphela Museum isikhungo izifundo ezinjalo emhlabeni wonke. Kunzima ukukholelwa, kodwa izimali wawo wawulokhu emhlabeni kwesigidi (!) Izinto ezihlukile ezihlobene kokubili ukulandelana kwezikhathi zezenzakalo jikelele ukuthuthukiswa yenhloko-dolobha, futhi umlando izakhiwo zayo ngazinye.

Maye, ukuze kuhlaliswe zonke lokhu embukisweni omkhulu, endaweni embukisweni nje akwanele. Ngakho-ke Shchusev Museum namuhla kunesithembiso nemibukiso eyesikhashana. Ezithakazelisa kakhulu futhi creative zivame ihlelwe iphiko ngokuthi "Ukuchitha."

Imisebenzi esemqoka yalolu Museum engavamile okwamanje yilezi okulandelayo:

• ucwaningo asebenzayo emkhakheni izakhiwo, ukuhlela zasemadolobheni kanye nentuthuko yasemadolobheni;
• ukwakha Museum nge nemibukiso izimali ezintsha;
• ukuhlela bese beqhuba nemibukiso zesikhashana, imibukiso thematic, kanye ezihlukahlukene hambo;
• imisebenzi sokubuyiselwa.

Shchusev Museum - yindawo lapho izakhiwo kuza ekuphileni. Kusukela mass grey futhi azikubheki zamatshe, samane liphenduka okushiwo ikhono kweqiniso ukutshela izivakashi zayo eziningi.

umuntu ehloniphekile ngezikhathi ezahlukahlukene wahola Shchusev Architecture Museum. izikhungo Umqondisi namuhla - a PhD bokwakha Irina Korobina. Kusukela ngo-2010, ubelokhu bahileleke kakhulu ekuthuthukeni kwale isikhungo. Kodwa umqondisi walo wokuqala kwaba u-Aleksey Schusev - wezakhiwo abanamakhono Soviet. Lo muntu kumele inikezwe ukunakekelwa okukhethekile kulesi sihloko.

Umuntu owasungula le Museum

Architectural Shchusev Museum yaqanjwa wezakhiwo odumile - Schuseva Alekseya Viktorovicha.

Wazalwa ngo-1873, emzini sunny of Chisinau (manje ensimini ka Moldova). Umsebenzi wakhe njengoba wezakhiwo ukuthi uhlolwa ezine Stalin Imiklomelo. Othisha bayo ngesikhathi babe Leontiy benua futhi IIya Repin.

Lapho esemusha, Shchusev ezimpini uhambo bemivubukulo Samarkand, lapho afundela khona izici ezakhiwo edolobheni. Uma ubheka izakhiwo eziningi elaklanywa Shchusev kamuva, umuntu angabona ngokucacile ukuthi lolu hambo kwesokunxele kunobufakazi ezinkulu kuwo wonke umsebenzi wakhe.

Art Deco, Art Nouveau, Constructivism, neoclassical - zonke lezi izitayela umsebenzele wezakhiwo odumile. Umsebenzi wakhe waqala nokubuyiselwa esontweni kwekhulu XII edolobheni Ovruch (manje ensimini ka-Ukraine). Phakathi imisebenzi edume kunazo Shchusev - kwakhiwe Kazan Isiteshi sesitimela, uLenin Mausoleum iphrojekthi ethiyetha e Tashkent nabanye abaningi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, Alexey Shchusev ukuthi uyabandakanyeka ukuthuthukiswa umsebenzi wokubuyisela amadolobha Soviet ngemva kwempi. Sikhuluma Veliky Novgorod, Chisinau futhi Tuapse.

Kumila Museum yezakhiwo

Emuva ngasekupheleni XIX leminyaka kumibuthano yamasiko eMoscow kuvele umqondo ukudala isikhungo esifanayo. Lokho izakhamuzi inhlokodolobha kule nkathi Waqala ukuqonda ukuthi ifa yezakhiwo obubazungezile.

Kodwa lo mbono omkhulu lagcwaliseka kakade phakathi nenkathi yamaSoviet. Indawo egcina amagugu esizwe Architectural. Shchusev yasungulwa ngo-1934 ngesisekelo the Donskoy Monastery. Ngesikhathi esifanayo lapho futhi Academy of Architecture kweSoviet Union.

Nokho, zonke lezi izinhlelo i- ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe. Futhi Shchusev Museum engazalwa ngokusha kuphela ngo-1945, ekupheleni kwayo. I Initiator of ukuzalwa kukaJesu kwakuyintando ngokunembile Aleksey Schusev. Nokho, tinhloso Museum savuka, wabona ehlukile kancane.

Indawo egcina amagugu esizwe Architectural. Shchusev kusukela 40s kuya namuhla

On inkolelo Shchusev, Museum entsha bokungamele laba isisekelo segama umbuthano ewumngcingo ongoti. Umgomo wakhe manje wakhuthaza popularization yolwazi emkhakheni izakhiwo, ukuhlela zasemadolobheni, izifundo ezisemadolobheni. Abasebenzi izikhungo kwadingeka ukuletha lolu lwazi ngendlela elula futhi kufinyeleleke ngetinhlobo letibanti letehlukene zabahlali abavamile Soviet. Ngakho kubonakala Shchusev Museum umqondisi walo wokuqala.

Eminyakeni 60 umnyuziyamu uye indawo esinikezwe imvume yokuba yisakhamuzi, ukubeka engozini ku talyzinykh ubudala Manor ukuthi Vozdvizhenka. Hhayi isikhathi okungcono kakhulu sikhungo ngalo yaqala ngala ukufika 90. Museum wakhetha ukuba kwakhiwe Donskoy Monastery. Ngakho, iqoqo elikhulu ziphephile nhlobo bengonozulane. By endleleni, lokhu inkinga awuzixazululanga Museum kuze kube manje. Lesakhiwo iqhubeka ise talyzinykh izindlu, isakhiwo ngokwaso sekuyisikhathi eside okuyinto kube abadinga ukulungiswa ezinkulu.

Shchusev Museum: ikheli kanye imodi wokusebenza

Museum itholakala ku-Vozdvizhenka emgwaqweni, ngendlela omkhulu wokwakha ezintathu storey at inombolo 5. Kuyinto evulekile nsuku zonke, ngaphandle ngeMisombuluko, kusukela ngo-11 ekuseni kuya ku-8 ebusuku. Ukuze uvakashele umtapo ucwaningo Museum noma Inqolobane kuzodinga ezengeziwe pre-ukubhaliswa.

250 ruble - ukuthi namuhla intengo yokwemukela lesi Museum. Nokho, impesheni nabafundi ithikithi kubiza kuphela $ 100. yokwemukelwa Mahhala ukuba othisha nezinye iminyuziyamu kuleli zwe, kanye abafundi amakhono yezakhiwo.

Trip futhi inkulumo imisebenzi Museum. Shchusev

Yezefundo ine imisebenzi inkulumo futhi indawo esebenzayo. Yonke imisebenzi zemfundo ihlelwe Museum of the Ochwepheshe best kulo mkhakha. Ngokuthakazelisayo, inkulumo Shchusev Museum yasungulwa ngo-1934 futhi eziqhutshwa ngisho phakathi nempi. Namuhla, itholakala e olunye uphiko "Ukuchitha", okuyinto angazamukela kuze kube amakhulu ezivakashi.

Izinkulumo ngazo kulo mnyuziyamu hhayi kuphela akutshele mayelana ethize izitayela bokwakha noma umlando ekwakhiweni kwezakhiwo ngabanye. Iphinde ibamba imihlangano njalo nge abaklami bodumo wesimanje - Russian angaphandle. A ezihlukahlukene inkulumo izifundo Museum omkhulu: ngemininingwane yabo uhlelo ingatholakala kwi-website lesikhungo.

Ngaphezu izinkulumo, Museum Ihlela izinkambo njalo lomuzi kulabo abafisa ukuphila ningathinti umlando ezakhiwo eMoscow.

Ngokuvamile, lezi izinkambo baqhuba abasebenzi Museum - iziqondiso abanolwazi - ngezimpelasonto, ukuze wonke umuntu wakwazi ukuthola kubo. Izindleko lolu hambo ngoba oyedwa - ruble 300 (ruble 150 - kubafundi umhlalaphansi).

Shchusev Museum njalo uyanda arsenal yayo hambo kungenzeka. Nokho, ethandwa kakhulu phakathi Muscovites ezihlobene ne ukwakhiwa kwalo jantshi eMoscow izakhiwo avant-garde we Arbat noma.

Melnikov House - igatsha engavamile we Shchusev Museum

Melnikova inxuluma namuhla igatsha Museum yezakhiwo. Shchusev. Kuyinto esingavamile isakhiwo yayo izakhiwo omndeni YaseMoscow wezakhiwo kanye owaziwa Viktor Melnikov. Wakha kule ndlu ngo-1920 isitayela avant-garde.

Indlu Melnikova limelela amasilinda ezimbili ezinkulu nge eziphakeme ezahlukene. Kule ngxenye ukwakhiwa (amasilinda) obutholakala nomunye. Lesi sakhiwo, yakheke Viktorom Melnikovym, ngempela kufanele zibalwa phakathi uhlu izakhiwo engavamile kakhulu yenhloko-dolobha.

Melnikov House Museum yaba igatsha we Shchusev ngo-2014. Nokho, le nqubo ubephelezelwa kungamanyala futhi ezinde umbango phakathi izakhiwo zombuso kanye izindlalifa umakhi eyakha indlu.

Ekuphetheni ...

E-Moscow, kukhona Museum, esingeyena analogue emhlabeni. Lokhu Museum yezakhiwo okuthiwa Alekseya Schuseva, okuyinto yasungulwa emuva ngo-1934. Naphezu kwazo zonke lezo zinkinga ngokushushiswa nangobunzima, futhi usebenza namuhla, ukuhlangana ngabo kuye abayithandayo yangempela yobuciko yezakhiwo.