Isiko Pedagogical: definition, izingxenye

Enye yezindlela ezibaluleke futhi kunzima ngesikhathi esifanayo izimfanelo umsebenzi wanamuhla kathisha umqondo eziyinkimbinkimbi, njengoba isiko Pedagogical. Banikezwe izici eziningi inqubo yemfundo esikoleni yesimanje futhi umndeni, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi bakuchaza, elisho ngokucacile ukuthi akunjalo elula. Kodwa namanje zama ukukwenza, unikezwa umbono yothisha eliyigunya esidlule futhi ngekhulu Njengamanje, okwenzeka namuhla ukuthuthukiswa amasiko nomphakathi.

Nobunzima belinganisa

Ukuze ubeke umkhawulo ngemcondvo wemasiko Pedagogical somunye, ngisho capacious, definition namuhla kunzima ngempela. Ubunzima main livela ukuqonda ukuthi isiko. On kulotshiwe namuhla, kakhulu, kuphela ezithile zayo abangaphezu kwamakhulu amahlanu. Eyesibili isici eziyinkinga bubonakala eyinkimbinkimbi yokufundisa. umqondo abahlukahlukene zokucabangela ngeke ukunikeza isithombe esiphelele into yokutadisha kwethu.

Inkinga yesibili ubunzima ekunqumeni imingcele pedagogy. Akusiyo imfihlo ukuthi indima thishela kumele ente njengengxenye ezinkulu zomphakathi womhlaba.

Esesithathu inkinga Iphuzu liwukuthi manje isiko yesimanje isibe sesifufula, lapho izingxenye eziningi, sibe nzima inqubo imfundo yomuntu.

izinkinga kwamasiko

Metamorphosis ka namashumi okugcina eminyaka: ukushintsha kwezinkathi wezombusazwe, ukwakheka emphakathini ovulekileko, ukhuphula ijubane kwembulunga yonke kwakufanele nomthelela kwi sphere kwamasiko. Ukushintsha indima umbuso imfundo yamasiko umphakathi, singekho ayitholwa okuthiwa ku isiko uholé yokuthi ngaphezu inkululeko yokuzikhethela ngekukhula creative neseleko kubalulekile kwaba ukuvela umkhiqizo kwamasiko eliphansi. Kunalokho senkululeko yokuzikhethela ithole akhe ngabikho lokubonakala yokuthi ukukhetha wayengeyena yini enye.

Sakaza yokuphila westernized kuye kwaholela yokuthi ngokwezinga elikhulu baphelelwa inhlonipho ukuze kumagugu esizwe. Bayalithakasela Isasasa Esinalo ehlukile esikweni lesizwe, namasiko alo manje kuphela kancane ekuqaleni ukuvuseleleka.

Kwakuhilela ukwamukela izimiso ezingokomoya zabantu impahla yomuntu is ibe zonke izinhlobo ezidayiswayo kanye nemikhiqizo, kanye nokuntuleka kwamathuba ukuthenga okuthile, futhi enye inyuka ukungezwani social emphakathini.

zamasiko ayabaluleka sobala kakhulu ngokukhula kwezinye izinkinga zenhlalo, futhi konke lokhu ngendlela ethile ibonisa lokho inqubo imfundo, manje kukhawulwe umsebenzi ukuhlinzeka izidingo ezibonakalayo kuphela emkhayeni. izikhungo zemfundo futhi azehlise ezizibeni yabo yaphenduka ukuphinda ulwazi akusebenzi emaphaketheni ezintsha.

Imibono nezinkolelo

Ukubuyela ngemcondvo wemasiko Pedagogical, siphawula ukuthi impela. Khona kanye ukubukeka kwawo kungenxa yokuthi aphuma ukubukwa technocratic ku inqubo ukuqeqeshwa ukuze zezenhlalakahle emphakathini wanamuhla. Kobushiqela kulungiselelwa ushintsho kwi yeningi ngakho-ke kwandisa umthwalo uthisha. Kunesidingo ukuhlonza hhayi izinyathelo kuphela, kodwa futhi lizinga lemfundvo. Kule kuphakama isidingo umqondo ezinjengesiko Pedagogical.

Kunetintfutfuko eziningi theory kulesi siqondiso, ucabangela emikhakheni leyehlukene inkinga: ekuchumaneni, zokuziphatha, zomlando, zobuchwepheshe ngisho ngokomzimba. Ezifundweni zabo, abalobi bayahambisana ukuthi bamele isiko Pedagogical njengoba kuveza isiko jikelele, esizibonakalisa umsebenzi pedagogical nguthishela kanye nezici ukusebenza kule inani yakhe izimfanelo okhokhelwayo.

Ukurhunyezwa imiqondo ahlobene

Njengengxenye izici qualitative imisebenzi uthisha, ngaphandle umqondo olucutshungulwayo nazo asetshenziswa abanye, kunencazelo efanayo: isiko professional, zamakhono, nabanye. Thola indawo ngayinye uhlelo yamasiko kwabothishela.

Ngokuphathelene zamakhono kungaholela umbono eliyigunya NJENGOBA Makarenko, owayekholelwa ukuthi amakhono uthisha ngenxa yezinga yayo kulowo mkhakha, futhi kuncike umsebenzi njalo futhi okunenjongo we uthisha yena. Inhlanganisela yalawo izingxenye ezimbili ezinkulu ikuvumela okukhipha amakhono Pedagogical. Ngamanye amazwi, kwekhono le uthisha, okuyisigaba sokuqala ukuze ukubunjwa nokuthuthukiswa kwezinhlangano ikhono lakhe, kwenza ukwakha eningi ingxenye isiko Pedagogical.

Njengoba sekuphawuliwe, isiko Pedagogical kuyingxenye isiko jikelele uthisha yesimanje. isiko Professional uthisha kungenziwa emelelwa ngezindlela eziningana:

• Isimo baqaphe lokho okuyizidingo eziseqhulwini oguqukayo kutemfundvo nekucecesha;
• ukuba nemibono yabo Pedagogical;
• okwakhe kamoya zobuntu likathisha;
• ukukhetha ukukhethwa izindlela, amasu okufundisa, nokunye. d.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi isethi ethulwa izici evumela ukucacisa ubudlelwano phakathi isiko emsebenzini kanye zemfundo. Njengoba sekushiwo, izinto emsebenzini Pedagogical akuhlanganisi othisha kuphela, kodwa futhi abazali. Okungukuthi, nazo ziba lolu hlobo isiko. Isethi ngenhla izici ezingenhla icacisa imisebenzi uthisha ngakhoke kungaba wagomela ukuthi isiko professional iyingxenye yokufundisa. Lesi sakamuva singabangela nokuqalisa kwi esezingeni othisha abafundisi, futhi abanye abahlanganyeli non-professional inqubo yemfundo (ngokuvamile abazali).

A amazwi ambalwa mayelana abanye abahlanganyeli ku inqubo yemfundo

Ake sicabangele lesi simanga njengoba isiko Pedagogical yabazali. It ngokuvamile kungenziwa imelelwa izinga elithile ukulungela we abazali emfundweni yezingane. It kuncike ke siyoba yini umphumela le nqubo.

Isakhiwo umqondo kuhlanganisa eziningi izakhi:

• ukuthi abazali abe ezingeni ezanele umthwalo izingane zabo;
• kumiswa ulwazi oludingekayo ngendlela yokukhuliswa kwengane kanye nentuthuko yengane;
• ukuthuthukiswa kwamakhono okusebenzayo, okusenza ukuhlela umsebenzi obalulekile wokuhlaziya izingane ekhaya;
• ukuxhumana ngempumelelo nge izikhungo zemfundo kanye zemfundo (enkulisa, esikoleni);
• isiko Pedagogical yabazali.

isiko Pedagogical kulelizinga yinani lika ezihlukahlukene ulwazi: imfundo, Psychology, imithi nezinye izinhlobo zesayensi.

On indima imibono pedagogy

Lokhu namuhla okuye kwashiwo okuningi. imibono ehlukene Pedagogical uzwakalise ngesikhathi sakhe, u-Aristotle, uPlato Lev Tolstoy futhi Grigoriy Skovoroda, NJENGOBA Makarenko futhi V Sukhomlinsky.

Omunye wemiqondo ovelele gama ngalo mqondo wesibili lesembili inqubo imfundo phambi ukuqeqeshwa. Uthisha brilliant kudale umqondo owesekelwe phezu komuntu nokuziphatha, zize kuqala ukuthuthukiswa ubuntu bengane.

Namuhla, umqondo wokufundisa zabuna awalulahlanga value abo, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo ludinga entsha. Yingakho namuhla izingqungquthela ethandwa kangaka, amatafula nxazonke nezinye izinhlobo exchange of nakho kanye ukukhiqizwa imibono emisha.

Iqaphela ukubaluleka kwalezi imibono, uthisha eyaziwa ST Shatsky babethi ukuvula izindlela ezintsha umkhuba pedagogy, kanye isayensi yayo.

Izici yokuxhumana phakathi uthisha kanye umfundi

ukuxhumana efanele-uthisha lonke uhlelo kokusebenzisana phakathi uthisha kanye umfundi, okuyinto luyasetshenziswa ngenjongo ukuqeqeshwa nokufundiswa. Imisuka uhlelo zinqunywa eziningi izici umfundi futhi ancike ubudala, izinga lezindleko zokukhiqiza ukufaneleka, izimfanelo isihloko ifundelwe.

Ochwepheshe ukukhomba izinhlelo ezimbili:

• uhlelo kuncike-into, lapho thishela luyasetshenziswa njengoba isikhulumi, futhi isilaleli umfundi, ibizwa ngokuthi Monologue;
• kuncike-ndaba, lapho uthisha kanye umfundi ku nokukhulumisana njalo, siqhuba inkhulumomphendvulwano.

Namuhla kubhekwa yesibili okuqhubekayo okwengeziwe, ngoba ivumela umfundi ukuba babambe iqhaza enqubweni yokufunda yonke. Le ndlela umsebenzi ivumela umfundi ukuze uthole ngokushesha nesihloko, begodu utitjhere wenza sikwazi ngokwengeziwe ukuhlola ulwazi yomfundi.

Incazelo kanye amazinga isiko Pedagogical

Ekugcineni, kokuba kubhekwe zonke izingxenye, singanikeza definition more ephelele nokuthi yini isiko Pedagogical. Kuyinto uhlelo ephelele, kuhlanganise abayokwakha isisekelo amanani jikelele, it yakha ingxenye enkulu ye izindlela womsebenzi Pedagogical, nobuchwepheshe bezokuxhumana, ubuchwepheshe, futhi ingxenye ukushayela kuyinto amakhono Pedagogical kanye isifiso sokuzilimaza nokomuntu siqu okuqhubekayo.

Ngesisekelo le ncazelo kukhona amazinga ezilandelayo isiko Pedagogical:

• High: libhekene khona zonke izinto ezisohlwini definition wona;
• Okulingene: bikho yokufundisa ezanele isipiliyoni amathonya bathambekele ubuciko, sekhono kungaba ezingeni lelifanele; ngezinye izikhathi alolu ephawula ukungabi khona noma yiluphi uhlobo self-ukuthuthukiswa;
• Okuphansi: ejwayelekile ekuqaleni othisha, lapho namanje kuphela hleliwe nobuchwepheshe bezokuxhumana, kwakhiwa zamakhono, hhayi nezindlela zabo yokufundisa.