Manor "Glinka", enomnikazi uJakobe Villimovichu Bruce. Izikhangibavakashi esifundeni eMoscow

Enye yezindawo avakashelwa edolobheni kuyinto Manor "Glinka", ingenye omdala izikhumbuzo kwekhulu XVIII. Ngaphandle kwalokho, kule ndawo kudala kunesikhathi ezinye izindlu esifundeni laseMoscow. Bona ingeyamakhosi ukuhlonipheka kulezi zindawo Bruce umndeni, ababekwa owehla evela Yakova Vilimovicha - umhlobo Petra Velikogo, ezempi kanye sikahulumeni, usosayensi futhi ohlakaniphile. Zonke ubukhazikhazi yezakhiwo esithinta umhambi wamazwe onokuhlangenwe nakho ngisho namuhla, sidalwe mayelana engamashumi amathathu ekhulwini XVIII, lapho umsunguli lwamakhosi waphoqeleka ukuba ashiye isikhundla sakhe. Wayengumuntu nje njengathi sonke okungavamile, wayithanda ubuciko, futhi asithandayo isayensi. Abantu bendawo bambiza ngokuthi umenzi wemilingo.

Yakov Bryus

Lokhu kaloku uAdam wamazi cishe njalo wesimanje. Yena uvela emkhayeni ngamunye wama lasendulo Scottish, kodwa isiphetho oye zamfaka a Russia kude, Nokho, lapho, wenza umsebenzi omuhle kakhulu. Waqala inkonzo yakhe esigodlweni Alekseya Mihaylovicha Romanova, ngokuba usemncane kakhulu. Waqhubeka ukukhonza namandla ezimbili, wathatha isifungo sokwethembeka abasha imisebenzi kaPetru. By the way, waphuthuma ukusiza inkosi ngesikhathi yokuvukela Archer, futhi lokhu kwamenza wathandwa yilo mbusi wesikhathi esizayo. Peter kubhekwe omunye wozakwabo Bruce oseduze kunabo bonke, futhi waba nengxenye izimpi eziningi yebutho Russian.

Yakov Bryus wayedume esigodlweni ukoma kwakhe ngolwazi lwesayensi, kungaba kufanele ngokuthi polymath njengoba nesithakazelo kuye cishe yonke eyala zesayensi, abaningi babo nabo eziningi inqubekelaphambili esiyenziwe. Ngokwesibonelo, ubizwa kahle ababeyizazi amaqhinga kanye namasu, wayenobuhlobo icala isibhamu, futhi ukuphila wathola isihloko zokuhlonipha jikelele-feldtsmeyster (ie inhloko wezikhali). Ukuthi wathola ilungelo ukuba ahole ama-Berg kanye Manufactures Collegium, futhi afike wasungula khona iSikhungo Naval School owaziwa. Futhi-ke, kakhulu, yena waziwa kakhulu ngokuthi wadala "ikhalenda Bruce" sakhe, okuyinto igxile eziningi, silungisa ephendukela endleleni yakhe yokuphila. Futhi lokhu kumane nje kuyingxenye encane okuye kwenziwa ukuze Bruce Earl of Imperial Russia.

Yakova Bryusa Manor

sorry kakhulu, kodwa abalandeli uPetru Earl ayizange ithole indawo enkantolo yize kungekho muntu wathi ufuna ukungenzela ukwesula kwakhe. Noma kunjalo, Yakov Bryus uyasuka ezombusazwe, incwadi yokwesula kwakhe futhi zayiswa izindlu yakhe ayithandayo eduze eMoscow, aluthola njengoba abasha. I izindlu kwakungandile enhle igama kaZuma "Glinka". Bruce kwakungelona sorry ukushiya dank Petersburg, ngoba kwaba senhliziyweni ubuhle bemvelo futhi budebuduze inhlokodolobha Russian lasendulo.

Kodwa lokho yinto eyinqaba: izindaba bendawo, kanye ngqo izakhamuzi abahlala edolobhaneni eliseduze Glinkovo, laqala kulezi zindawo izinto engavamile. Inkosi endlini wamangaza abalimi ukubukeka kwabo Outlandish, ke yakhiwa kuleli ngaleso sikhathi isitayela imfashini - Italian Baroque. Stucco, Monograms igolide, wesimethri futhi umusa zazizwakala ziyinqaba kakhulu sinombono Russian birch emahlatsini eliwumkhehlekhehle epulazini.

Izinganekwane nemikarisomraro

Futhi nje, chudil, ngokuvumelana abalimi, kanti Bala yena. Ngokwesibonelo, abaningi babo bamangala umkhuba wakhe ebusuku ukuphuma ku kophahla lwendlu yakhe, ukhetha isikhundla eliphakeme, futhi isikhathi eside ukubheka okuthile esibhakabhakeni ngosizo amashubhu nzima. Yiqiniso, manje kusobala ukuthi igrafu kuphela uyakuthanda ukufunda izinkanyezi, kodwa izinto bebelokhu engaqondakali abalimi.

Ngakho uma kwavele kwaqala isomiso noma iziphepho, abantu bakholwa ukuthi lokhu bili igrafu okungahambi kahle. Kukhona nje ngingenaso legends ezihambisana negama Yakova Bryusa, yini izindaba hhayi kuphela embondelene bendawo. By the way, lezi izindaba efanayo futhi kamuva enkantolo, izwe ngoba, njengoba wazi, ugcwele amahemuhemu. Ofakazi balandisa ngendlela abazizwa ngayo ngalokho Bruce wabophela yensimbi nodrako lalingaphezu kuso ngaphansi kwamafu, ukotini kwezintende zezandla zakhe epaki waqala ukudlala umculo wasezulwini, futhi wanqamuka umyalo wakhe.

Futhi ngisho nalapho Bruce wafa, udumo lwakhe lase likhuluma ngesasasa isikhathi eside. Ngokusho kweminye imithombo, incwadi Elinezinkinga igrafu wizadi, ngisho isikhathi eside ngemva kokufa ezulazula amagama abo kanye nabanikazi entsha okwesabisayo noma okuyinselele bendawo. Strange ukusho, kodwa labo abanikazi inherited ifa "Glinka" Bruce sika, kamuva, ukuthi yayiyingxenye yazo lezi zinganekwane, noma ngempela wabona yinto engaziwayo, wayala ukuba abhubhise bonke amaqembu sculptural ubuphansi. Kodwa Manor Park yake idume eziqoshiwe yayo Antique acwengekile. Kulokhu, ebaziwe engakaze ithengiswe noma ubhujiswe, balahle kubo ngempela eyinkimbinkimbi. Ezinye ibiyelwe kuze ezindongeni, abanye baba bubi nakakhulu phansi echibini. Aint it eziyinqaba? Ngokwezazi ezithile ezinganekwaneni, okuyinto kuningi ekuhambeni kulezi zindawo, abanikazi ezintsha iyesabeka ukuthi esifanekisweni ebusuku kwakudingeka avuselele impahla.

Futhi, njengoba abantu besho, kodwa kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, Bruce waqala kakhulu ukuziphindiselela abanikazi abasha ezweni labo. Kwabonakala kubo ebusuku ngesimo umoya ethereal, e imihubhe kwakuzwakala creaking futhi bequma - konke isiko English inganekwane mayelana izipoki. Kwadingeka umnikazi omusha kodwa uwayehlalise ukuthuthela uhlala e-Nook kude le ndlu.

Kuze kube manje, abalandeli zemfihlakalo namanje zithuthelekela kwakhiwe izindlu, abanye holidaymakers kuleli yokungcebeleka okungukuthi laphaya manje, bathi igrafu kuyabonakala namuhla. Kodwa ngempela ukuthi idatha izindaba kweqiniso kunzima ijaji. Yakova Bryusa Manor e Glinka futhi manje kunesithembiso eziningi eziyimfihlakalo futhi izimfihlo.

"IKhabhinethi ngezinto ezihlekisayo"

Yakov Bryus, "Warlock", wayebuye abe sokwazi izilimi, akumangalisi ukuthi sasitholakala kuyi inkantolo futhi kwenziwe imisebenzi zamanxusa khona. Wayazi kahle izilimi eziyisithupha. Futhi in Russian (Russian ngoba kwakungeyona ngolimi abaluncela), ekhuluma ngaphandle accent.

Ekupheleni kwe-XVII ekhulwini Petr Veliky, njengoba sazi, ihlelwe Embassy Omkhulu emazweni ase-European. Kulolu hambo abathintekayo abantu engaphezu kwamakhulu amabili, abantu iningi lawo kungabazalwane abasebasha, ababezoba siqonde isayensi izikebhe, ikakhulukazi olwandle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inkosi yayala ukuba ngiqhube kwempahla imishini futhi ziphathelene nokuqashwa abaculi ehlukahlukene nezingcweti zemisebenzi yezandla. Peter Earl Bruce omncane yena ungenisile Netherlands. Wayedinga kwaba igrafu uhambo oluzayo eNgilandi, ngoba Bruce wayazi izilimi wayenolwazi kakhulu mayelana nemithetho yokuziphatha esigodlweni ngesiNgisi. Kodwa Bruce ukufika sekwephuzile kakhulu, futhi ubukeka ekugwedleni, isandla sakhe sahlanganiswa ukusha, futhi umunwe amathambo tho ngemva waphuka eziningi. Isizathu salokho nempi enkantolo nge induna ukuze imfihlo. Nguye ngaphambilini sokuhlushwa usosayensi abanamakhono Bruce ngensimbi eshisayo. Peter yazithukuthelisa phakade naphakade, ukuthi izincazelo ababephila ngesikhathi, zemikhaya evelele ukuze kushwelezwe intukuthelo yakhe kwakungenakwenzeka. Romodanovsky Waloba incwadi, waziveza obala ukuthi othukuthelela induna ukuze imfihlo. Lokhu kufakazela ukuthi ziningi kangakanani izinto bawazisa umsebenzi futhi ubuntu Yakova Vilimovicha.

brainchild sakhe sasithi "izinto ukwazi iKhabhinethi", ukuthandwa okuyinto kwakungeyona kulo lonke lelo zwe. Kwakuyisikhathi Museum langempela curiosities yazo zonke izinhlobo ekhaya. Ngemva kokufa Ukubala, "ihhovisi" yakhe kwanqunywa ukuba udlulele Museum edume kakhulu eRussia ngaleso sikhathi - "Kunstkammer".

izici ezakhiwo Manor

Lokhu izindlu Ingabizwa kufanele ngokuthi omdala wonke abadla izambane likapondo. Manor esifundeni eMoscow - ngokuvamisile ngumbukwane ezithakazelisayo, kodwa le ndawo ekhethekile ngempela. Lesi sakhiwo izindlu Bruce sesimweni esihle, ngoba izivakashi kuyoba mnandi kakhulu ukuvakashela lezo zindawo. Ngaphandle Manor "Glinka" kuyinto ejwayelekile kakhulu ngesikhathi sayo, kuba baraque zikanokusho futhi zikanokusho (kunomgwaqo izici elingavamile lesi sitayela). Kodwa ingaphakathi design ukwenza ukumangala ngisho isihambi esingumakad 'ebona. Iqiniso lokuthi Yakov Bryus (Manor "Glinka" nokuqukethwe akuyona umatasa kakhulu ke) uye acabange ukuthi ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuba singazicabangeli kakhulu umninindawo, eyindoda isayensi. Cishe njalo igumbi endlini enkulu iye yaphenduka laboratory noma lomsebenzi ngokwesayensi. Kwakulapho lokuthi wayeseholela wahlanganyela abacwaningi emkhakheni physics, chemistry, izibalo, isayensi yemvelo, ukufunda izinkanyezi nokunye. Yonke imali, kanye iholo Earl kwaba ehloniphekile, wayekhetha ongasichitha ku imishini, amabhuku, amathuluzi esayensi, nokunye okunjalo. Lokhu, mhlawumbe, uyachaza ukuthi kungani umnumzana ngaleso sikhathi, yilowo kubhekwe okungavamile, futhi amanye aze ngisho isibaluli kuye omlingo. Ngoba amehlo, wathola okuningi izidlaliso, kodwa iningi bolimi wohlanga olukhulu mnyewu.

Yiqiniso, umthakathi! Futhi ngubani omunye ubengase usuku olulodwa ehlobo lapho zonke izibonakaliso kwadingeka ukuba ukushisa umzimba, thatha futhi iqhwa emachibini? Futhi ke wagqoka idivayisi ongaziwa ngezinyawo zakhe futhi Skate phezu kwamanzi wema? Futhi umbono isakhiwo main, mhlawumbe, kuqinisa kuphela umbono abalimi kulesi sici. Bruce wazalwa eScotland, mhlawumbe ngenxa yokuthi phansi wokuqala endlini yakhe iyafana kakhulu ne-Scottish inqaba ephakathi, it is konke ehlotshisiwe ngamatshe abaziweyo shades of gray. Lokhu kwanika isakhiwo ukubukeka kancane eliyingozi, futhi abanye aqoshiweyo ku muzzles amnyama kwakubonakala izidalwa ezithusayo yamademoni.

Ngokuvamile, "Glinka" farmstead owakhiwa Baroque isitayela, abacebile zikanokusho, owafika eRussia kusukela Italy hot. wesimethri Ingabe Ohulumeni Banalo Lonke, ngisho ifomu nendawo izindlu, ipaki enhle echibini maphakathi kanye Antique eziqoshiwe, ngubani zaneliswe uzihambela izindlela cobbled. Babefana amaqhawe legend ngesiGreki, Bruce walithanda art zonke zako. Kodwa kwenzekani nge emifanekisweni, usuwazi.

Nokho, isakhiwo ngokwaso nalo kabi kakhulu ezilimele. Iqiniso liwukuthi kulezo zindawo kwaba khona umlilo omkhulu ekhulwini XIX, kwakungenakwenzeka ukugcina isakhiwo egcwele, esigcinwe ifomu yayo yasekuqaleni kuphela endaweni okugcinwa kuyo izimpahla kanye laboratory Bruce. Konke okunye kuzobonwa kuphela ngesimo umsebenzi wokuvuselela izakhiwo.

Bala indlu

Farmstead "Glinka" libhekisela futhi esigodlweni, epaki uhlobo art yezakhiwo. Ukuhamba phakathi ke, ungabona ezimbili esekhona itshe eziyinkimbinkimbi. Omunye kungaba ngokuthi a idunyiswe kanye nezinye - kwezomnotho. Ukuze phambili eziyinkimbinkimbi kuhlanganisa amaphiko ezintathu, kanye isakhiwo main - indlu Ukubala. Insimu kwezomnotho ayinantshisekelo ngakho, njengoba zabhekana ukulungiswa eziningi ngesikhathi esifanele.

Umuzi omkhulu neze. Izindlu yizicukuthwane anakho Ubukhulu nesizotha, ngasesinqeni kuba ukuma elingunxande. Wanameka nendlu, Nokho, futhi design nenhle, kodwa baraque classical kakhulu izibambe e umhlobiso. Kukhona ngezivunulo a arched Intanethi, pilasters, uthathelwe jamb. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungakwazi ukubona ukubonakala abakhwelwe efana, kuqoshwe kuyo amatshe phansi emhlabathini. Esitezi sesibili kukhona Loggia evulekile, lapho Earl wayemthanda kanjani ukuphefumula umoya, futhi ebusuku, ujabulele besibhakabhaka esinezinkanyezi. Uma imigqa ophahleni ukwesekwa lamakholomu mancane futhi imiqhele lokhu ubuhle umbhoshongo omncane abenziwe ngokhuni, kukhona count benza ezitholwe zakhe yezinkanyezi.

"Laboratory Bruce"

Kusukela lokho wehlele kithi ngesimo pervozadnnom ngokusobala ivelele elabhorethri lokho okubizwa ngomlobokazi Bruce, ke unqume ukubahlonipha Petrovsky endlini. Yilokho nje eziningi izivakashi futhi udinga ukuya kuqala kunazo zonke, ngoba lokhu umbukwane bezijabulisa kakhulu. Eqinisweni, le nkundla ezincane, okuyinto sigcwalisa kuye isikhala Manor. Okuhlobisa He is kufana kakhulu nalokho ongazibona ePeterhof. niches Arched kanye azungezwe izindonga zangaphandle ukuze wonge isikhala ngoba imifanekiso eqoshiwe, pilasters mhlophe futhi izihloko.

Ngaphakathi akuvunyelwe, futhi akudingekile efunekayo, mhlawumbe, njengoba zonke ezibalulekile elabhorethri, njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, isuswe ku Petersburg, "Kunstkammer" in the eziyinkimbinkimbi Museum.

The yokungcebeleka "Monino"

Kuze kube manje, yonke insimu elalihlala izindlu "Glinka" e Monino, kungokwalabo sibhedlela. Lapha nature enhle, ekusungulweni ehleleke kahle ukuzilibazisa spa ukwelashwa. Ngenxa ungavakashela izindlu, hhayi kuphela izivakashi, bemagange ukuba zamukele ulwazi olusha kanye nakho, kodwa futhi uphumule. Indawo imangalisa ngempela.

West Iphiko eziyinkimbinkimbi manje sanikelwa emnyuziyamu elalinikezelwe ukuphila futhi umsebenzi Ukubala Bryusa Ya. V. It usebenza kuphela usuku olulodwa lwesonto, ngeSonto, ngeleshumi nqo ekuseni.

ukuphi

Inhlokodolobha ngeke uhambe amakhilomitha kude kakhulu, nje, anamanci mahlanu. Thola izindlu silula: nje uvule Monino, sadlula Gorky Highway ke ngemoto Losino-Petrovsky, bese ulandela izimpawu, okuyinto ngokukhethekile ahlelwe sibhedlela abaphathi. Ngeke ulahleke.

izixhumanisi

Ikheli: Manor esifundeni "Glinka" eMoscow, Shchelkovo wesifunda, Losino-Petrovsky.

Iya eMoscow ukuba cishe ihora, uma ungami sezimoto. Leli dolobhana Losino-Petrovsky sihambahamba itekisi. Kusuka lapho, lapho akunzima ensimini ka kulesi sibhedlela.