Ubuzwe Avars: incazelo, izici kanye nomlando

Ngokubabazekayo eCaucasus esiqinile - bemvelo ehlukile, nezindawo obumangalisayo, izintaba ezinzima futhi emathafeni zezimbali. Izizwe ezihlala endaweni yayo, kuyafana esiqinile, nginenhliziyo futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo olusankondlo futhi kucebile ngokomoya. Omunye kulaba bantu - nabantu abakuphila ubuzwe - the Avars.

Inzalo izizwe zasendulo

Avars - yigama isizwe Russian, okuyinto ikakhulu uhlala enyakatho Dagestan. Bazibiza "maarulal ', okuyinto uhumusha kakhulu kalula nangokunembile," Lezi zinkomo ". Georgians ngokuthi "leks" Kumyks - "Tavla". Izibalo has engaphezu kwengu-900 eziyinkulungwane. Avars, kuhlanganise 93% wabo bukhoma e Dagestan. onqenqemeni ngaphandle ingxenye encane izimpilo zabantu e Chechnya, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan. Kukhona nomphakathi Avars eTurkey. Avars - nobuzwe babantu okuyinto zofuzo ezihlobene amaJuda. Ngokusho zemihla ngemihla lasendulo Sultan Izingozi zibalwe umfowabo umbusi Khazars. A Khazar khans, futhi ngokuvumelana indaba, izikhulu babengamaJuda.

Yini indaba?

Lapho kukhulunywa ngaye okokuqala emibhalweni yesandla zomlando, lezi zizwe zama-North Caucasian zivezwa nolaka futhi enamandla. indawo yabo zokuhlala ezintabeni nomthelela uchungechunge yimpumelelo ngokunqoba phezu Khazars, azinza emathafeni. Umbuso esincane okuthiwa Serir, kamuva uqambe Iphutha egameni inkosi ahlonishwayo wesifunda. Le ngozi iye yayina kakhulu ekhulwini XVIII. Kamuva Muslim ubuzwe Avars kusungulwa engokwasezulwini isimo Imamate, okuyinto kuleli fomu yayikhona ngaphambi ukubusa eRussia. Manje-ke kuyinto Republic esizimele Dagestan abanezizinda namasiko, kwezombusazwe nakwezenkolo yayo.

ngolimi lwabantu

Avars - ubuzwe sinolimi lwaso, elingelakwaJuda le Avar-Ando-Tsez iqeqebana leqembu Caucasian. izindawo Southern nasenyakatho ye indawo ohlala esivela nezilimi zalo ezimbili, okuyinto zingafani ezinye izici ifonotiki, morphological kanye lucebe. Bobabili zezigodi benezingane eziningi zezigodi eziyizici ezifundeni ezithile kuleli zwe. Literary Avar ulimi kwamiswa nokuhlanganiswa zezigodi ezimbili ezinkulu, nakuba eneminyaka elikhulu wayesekhona enyakatho. Avars Ngaphambilini wasebenzisa zamagama izinhlamvu zesiLatini, kusukela ngo-1938 Avar zamagama - izinhlamvu ngesisekelo yokubhala isiRashiya. Kwenqwaba sesizwe kahle isiRashiya.

Ubuzwe Avar: kwebalingisi we genotype

Ukuqhela endaweni yokuhlala, ukusabalala izizwe empini yonkana East European Plain, kuze eScandinavia, kuye kwaholela ekwakhekeni kweNhlangano izimpawu kwangaphandle Avars, kuhluke kakhulu enanini labantu jikelele eCaucasus. Ukuze abameleli ejwayelekile ezizwe ntaba babevame ukubukeka luyingxenye European nezinwele obomvu, isikhumba eyanelisako futhi unamehlo aluhlaza. Ummeleli ejwayelekile yalaba bantu has a sibalo esiphakeme emide emincane, ezibanzi sredneprofilirovannym umuntu ekhaleni okusezingeni eliphezulu kodwa emincane.

izimo zemvelo okuqinile okusinda, isidingo uwine emvelweni futhi ezinye izizwe zabantwana bakwa umhlabathi olimekayo kanye namadlelo engimbumbile phakathi namakhulu eminyaka imvelo ukumelana nochuku we Avars. Nokho, banesineke kakhulu futhi bekhuthele, tillers esihle kanye netingcweti temsebenti.

Gen. entabeni abantu

Labo abamagama ubuzwe - Avars, sekuyisikhathi eside wahlala ezintabeni. Ngokusobala umsebenzi oyinhloko kwaba kanye uhlala kulezi zindawo futhi manje izimvu, kanye zonke abathengisa ezihlobene ngokucubungula uvolo. nezidingo zokudla okwakha umzimba baye zaphoqa Avars kancane kancane ukwehla emathafeni, futhi ukuthuthukisa ezokulima kanye nezokungcebeleka ngokuthi isilwane ukunakekela, okuyinto eyaba ngokusobala umsebenzi oyinhloko wabantu plain. Izindlu zakhiwa eceleni yayo Avars entabeni zeziyaluyalu emifuleni. Ukwakheka kwazo ngokwama-ithakazelisa kakhulu futhi engavamile abaMhlophe. Njengoba lizungezwe izwe yamadwala nasemigodini nakha izindlu ngamatshe abaziweyo bheka ukuqhubeka kwabo. isiphetho Isilinganiso libukeka kanje: eyodwa enkulu itshe odongeni welula kumgwaqo, ngoba abenakho libukeka emhubheni. Amazinga ehlukene ukuphakama nomthelela yokuthi ingxenye uphahla lwendlu kuyinto egcekeni lomunye. ithonya Modern ayizange iphumelele le ubuzwe: Avars yokwakha yamanje esikhulu esinezitezi ezintathu endlini nge sundeck.

Amasiko nemikhuba

Inkolo isizwe - Islam. Avars basonta ehlelweni zenkolo Sunni amaSulumane. Ngokwemvelo, imithetho Sharia ebizela othile wonke amasiko nomndeni Umlayo ngokuqinile ithobela Avar. Abantu bendawo banomusa futhi, kodwa lemikhuba nezinkolelo zawo, uvikela ilungelo imibuzo ngokushesha. Legazi umbango kulezi zindawo - ke ajwayelekile namuhla. Izinkolelo bendawo kancane buhlanjululwe abanye yamaqaba - kaningi kwenzeka ezindaweni zabo abantu baye eside ngiziphatha angawodwa. Umndeni ubuswa umyeni wakhe, kodwa maqondana umfazi nabantwana wesibopho yakhe ekutheni ihloniphe futhi izithobe ukuqinisekisa impahla. abesifazane Avar abe umlingisi ezingamahlala ungangifihleli kusuka amadoda abo, futhi njalo uthole indlela yabo.

amasiko

Avar ngamunye, ogama abantu kakhulu linamathele amasiko abo kazwelonke, ukuhlonipha wawoyise. amasiko zisekelwe eminyaka. Intaba expanses ozalwa eyinqaba iculo namanothi, besina legends ohlakaniphile eyikhulu Caucasian. Zomculo Avar abantu - chagchana, chagur, isidladla, isigubhu, izigubhu. Traditional isiko Avar ungumthombo futhi ngesisekelo esiyinhloko yesimanje Dagestan art nokudweba. Ukuhlala ibanga, kude yemizila yohwebo futhi izikhungo, izakhamizi Izingozi ekhiqizwa izinto zasekhaya, izingubo, ubucwebe yena endlini ngezandla aphume edayisa izinto. Lezi yezandla ingcweti abe wobuciko ngempela, isisekelo amakhosi banamuhla.

Avars, bakhazimulisa abantu bakhe

Habib Nurmagomedov (ubuzwe - Avar) - boxer, iqhawe Russia, owawina Umhlaba Boxing Championship, owawina WBA ibhande, iqhawe-International Boxing Organization.

Amir Amaev - Dagestan usosayensi e-athomu, umsunguli ohlangothini olusha ngokwesayensi ukuthuthukiswa ezindaweni zamandla enunzi.

Jamal Azhigirey - inkosi yezemidlalo ka class e Wu Shu, Uyiqhawe eziyishumi-emphethweni Russia, iqhawe abaliphinda yeYurophu.

Fazu Alieva - Dagestani abantu imbongi, kwaba umhleli walo magazini "Madodakazi Dagestan".

Rasul Gamzatov - imbongi Avar, ilungu Writers 'Union, umsunguli we eziningi owaziwa futhi ethandwa ku umculo lanamuhla ethandwa.

Uhlu Dagestan osaziwayo anamagama owaziwa emhlabeni kudingeka okungaphezu kokubona ishidi elilodwa. Bona - nenkazimulo yesizwe sakhe ezimbalwa kodwa nenkani kweqiniso.